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Mental Health Exam 1 > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Anhedonia

A

Inability to feel joy or pleasure from activities usually found enjoyable

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2
Q

Apathy

A

-Lack of Feeling, emotion, interest, or concern
-Describes mood or affect

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3
Q

Avolition

A

-Diminished ability to initiate and sustain activities
-Describes mood and affect

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4
Q

Blunted Affect

A

Reduction in emotional expression

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5
Q

Euphoric Mood

A

Exaggerated feeling of well-being, pathological

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6
Q

Euthymic Mood

A

In the “normal’ range, which implies absence of depressed or elevated mood

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7
Q

Expansive Mood

A

Lack of restraint in expressing one’s feelings, frequently with an overvaluation of importance. Irritable, easily annoyed and provoked to anger

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8
Q

Flat affect

A

Almost no emotional expression at all- typically immobile face and monotonous voice

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9
Q

Labile affect

A

Affect repeatedly and rapidly shifts from one extreme to another

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10
Q

Inappropriate Affect

A

Reacting in an inappropriate manner such as laughing when hearing bad news

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11
Q

Incongruous Affect

A

Does not match the stated mood, ex. client who states feeling depressed but appears very joyful

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12
Q

Alogia

A

-Impoverished or significantly decreased amount of speech or lack of content (poverty of speech or thought)

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13
Q

Circumstantiality

A

Slowed thinking incorporating unnecessary trivial details. Eventually the goal of the thought is reached

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14
Q

Clang Association

A

Speech in which words are chosen because of their sounds rather than their meanings. Includes rhyming and punning

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15
Q

Echolalia

A

Repetition of another’s words that is parrot-like and inappropriate

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16
Q

Mutism

A

Total loss of speech

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17
Q

Neologism

A

New word or condensed combination of several words coined by a person to express a highly complex idea not readily understood by others

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18
Q

Pressured Speech

A

Increased in amount, accelerated, difficult or impossible to interrupt. Person may talk with no stimulation or while no one is listening. Usually loud and emphatic

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19
Q

Stilted Language

A

Overly and inappropriately artificial formal language

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20
Q

Tangentiality

A

Replying to a question in an oblique or irrelevant way

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21
Q

Verbigeration

A

Stereotyped and seemingly meaningless repetition of words or sentences

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22
Q

Word Salad

A

Mixture of words and phrases that lack comprehensive meaning or logical coherence; commonly seen in schizophrenic states

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23
Q

Akinesia

A

A state of motor inhibition or reduced voluntary movement

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24
Q

Akathisia

A

Feeling of restlessness and inability to sit still, sometimes a side effect of medication

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25
Q

Ataxia

A

Partial or complete loss of coordination of voluntary muscular movement

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26
Q

Cataplexy

A

Episodes of sudden bilateral loss of muscle tone resulting in individual collapsing, often in association with intense emotions such as laughter, anger, fear, surprise

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27
Q

Catatonia

A

Condition of disrupted movement and speech resulting from disturbed mental state manifested by physical reactivity to the environment (markedly reduces or frozen movement, stupor, strange movements, agitation, lack of speech)

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28
Q

Dystonia

A

Involuntary muscle contractions and spasms that cause unusual or awkward postures, or repetitive or twisting movements, may occur in response to a medication

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29
Q

Echopraxia

A

Imitation of movements, can be part of catatonia

30
Q

Parkinsonism

A

Group of symptoms including slowed/loss of movement, lack of facial expression, stiff gait, tremor, stooped postures, may be side effect of other medications

31
Q

Psychomotor Agitation

A

Excessive motor activity associated with feeling of inner tension. When severe, may involve shouting and loud complaining. Activity is usually nonproductive and repetitious (pacing, wringing of hands)

32
Q

Psychomotor Retardation

A

Visible generalized slowing of movements and speech

33
Q

Stereotyped Movements

A

Repetitive, seemingly driven, nonfunctional motor behavior

34
Q

Tardive Dyskinesia

A

Syndrome of potentially irreversible, involuntary movement that may develop in patients treated with antipsychotic drugs. Abnormal, spasmodic, involuntary movement

35
Q

Tic

A

Involuntary, sudden, rapid, recurrent, nonrhythmic, stereotyped motor movement or vocalization

36
Q

Waxy Flexibility

A

Patients movements have the feeling of a plastic resistance, as if the person was made of wax. Limbs can be placed in fixed positions

37
Q

Concrete thinking

A

Lack of abstract thinking. Normal in childhood

38
Q

Magical Thinking

A

Erroneous belief that one’s thought, words, actions will cause or prevent a specific outcome in some way that defies commonly understood laws of cause and effect. Magical thinking may be normal part of childhood development

39
Q

Delusion

A

False personal Belief based on incorrect inference about external reality and firmly held despite evidence to the contrary. Not explicable on the grounds of the patients cultural or social background

40
Q

Delusional jealousy

A

Delusion that ones sexual partner is unfaithful

41
Q

Erotomanic

A

Delusion that another person is in love with the individual

42
Q

Delusions of reference

A

Behavior of others or objects and event believed to refer to oneself in particular. When similar thoughts are held with less than delusional intensity= ideas of reference

43
Q

Dissociation

A

Mental process of disconnecting from ones thoughts, feelings, memories or sense of identity to protect the self from traumatic or overwhelming experiences

44
Q

Depersonalization

A

Alteration in the perception or experience of the self so that one feels detached from, and as if one is the outside observer of, ones mental processes or body

45
Q

Flight of Ideas

A

Speech consists of a stream of accelerated thoughts with abrupt changes from topic to topic and no central direction

46
Q

Fugue

A

Individual wanders away from usual surroundings and has loss of memory

47
Q

Grandiosity

A

Inflated appraisal of ones worth, power, knowledge, importance, or identity

48
Q

Ideas of reference

A

Unfounded belief that objects, events, or people are of personal significance (person may think television program he is watching is all about him)

49
Q

Obsession

A

Recurrent and persistent thought, impulse, or image experienced as intrusive and distressing. Excessive and unreasonable even though it is a product of one’s mind. Thought, impulse, or image cannot be expunged logic or reasoning

50
Q

Paranoia

A

Mental state that includes unreasonable suspicions of people and situations. A person who is paranoid may be suspicious, hostile, feel very important, or may be extremely sensitive to rejection by others

51
Q

Paranoid Ideation

A

Ideation of less than delusional proportions, involving suspiciousness or the belief that one is being harassed, persecuted, unfairly treated

52
Q

Persecutory delusion

A

Delusion in which central theme is that one is being attached, harassed, cheated, persecuted, or conspired against

53
Q

Somatic Delusion

A

Delusion whose main content pertains to the appearance or functioning of one’s body

54
Q

Thought Alienation

A

Belief that thoughts have been stolen from one’s mind. Also known as thought withdrawal

55
Q

Thought blocking

A

Sudden interruption in the train of thought, leaving a blank

56
Q

Thought broadcasting

A

Delusion that one’s thoughts are being broadcast out loud

57
Q

Thought insertion

A

Delusion that certain of one’s thoughts are not one’s own but rather inserted

58
Q

Thought withdrawal

A

Delusional belief that thoughts are being removed

59
Q

Hypnagogic hallucination

A

Hallucination occurring whilst falling asleep. Occurs in normal people

60
Q

Hypnopompic hallucinations

A

Referring to the state immediately preceding awakening may include hallucinations that are of no pathological significance

61
Q

Initial insomnia

A

Difficulty in falling asleep

62
Q

Middle Insomnia

A

Awakening in the middle of the night

63
Q

Parasomnia

A

Abnormal behavior or physiological events occurring during sleep or sleep wake transitions

64
Q

Terminal Insomnia/ Late insomnia

A

Early Morning awakening, patients struggle or are unable to fall back asleep (2-4 am)

65
Q

Auditory Hallucination

A

Perceptual disturbance in which person hears voices/ sounds that others do not

66
Q

Gustatory Hallucinations

A

Involving taste

67
Q

Illusion

A

A misperception or misinterpretation of a real external stimulus such as hearing rustling of leaves as the sound of voices, or a shadow as a person

68
Q

Olfactory Hallucinations

A

Involving perception of odor

69
Q

Tactile hallucination

A

Involving perception of being touched - most common are sensation of electric shock and formication (sensation of something creeping or crawling on or under the skin)

70
Q

Visual Hallucination

A

Involving sight, which may consist of formed images, such as of people, or of unformed images such as flashes of light. Distinguished from illusions which are misperceptions of real external stimuli.

Mental Health Exam 1 (3 decks)

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