Terminology Flashcards
1
Q
ASA Classifications
A
2
Q
simple fracture
A
overlying skin is intact
3
Q
Compound fracture
A
bone communicates with the skin surface
4
Q
comminuted fracture
A
bone is severely fragmented into many small pieces
5
Q
displaced fracture
A
fracture site is not aligned
6
Q
stress fracture
A
- slowly developing fracture
- follows a period of increased physical activity
- where the bone is subjected to repetitive loads
7
Q
Greenstick fracture
A
- extending only partially through the bone
- common in infants when bones are soft
8
Q
pathologic fracture
A
- bone weakened by underlying disease process
- ex: solid tumor or hematopoietic-lymporeticular disease
9
Q
Allograft
A
human to human transplant
10
Q
Neurapraxia
A
- injury to the nerve causes:
- no loss of continuity of the axon or endoneurium
- ex: implant placed in the inferior alveolar canal
- compresses the nerve
11
Q
axonotmesis
A
- injury to the nerve causes:
- loss of axonal continuity but preserves the endoneurium
- Ex:
- overly aggressive retraction of mental nerve
12
Q
Neurotmesis
A
- injury to the nerve cause:
- loss of axonal and endoneurium continuity
- ex:
- cutting the inferior alveolar nerve during wisdom teeth removal
13
Q
Pathology
A
- study of structural alterations in cells, tissues, and organs
- help to identify the cause of disease
14
Q
Pathogenesis
A
- pattern of tissue changes associated with the development of disease
15
Q
Etiology
A
study of the cause of disease and/or injury
16
Q
Idiopathic
A
Diseases with no identifiable cuase
17
Q
Clinical manifestations
A
signs and symptoms
18
Q
Nosocomial
A
- disease acquired as consequences of being in a hospital environment
19
Q
Diagnosis
A
naming or identification of a disease
20
Q
Prognosis
A
expected outcome of a disease
21
Q
Acute Disease
A
- sudden appearance of signs and symptoms
- lasts a short time
22
Q
Biopsy
A
- removing a sample of tissue for testing and evaluation
- test for oral cancer
23
Q
Bruxism
A
- clenching or grinding teeth
- usually while sleeping
24
Q
Exarticulated tooth
A
- tooth that has been entirely displaced and no longer positioned in its socket
25
Graft
* quantity of tissue, bone, or composite substance
* placed in contact w/existing tissue or bone
* supplement a deficiency or repair an injury or defect
26
Impaction
* tooth cannot or does not erupt fully through the gum
* usually blocked by another tooth, bone or soft tissue
27
Maxillofacial
* portion of the face that extends downward from the maxilla
28
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
* chronic condition
* block or collapse in the airway interrupts normal breaking patterns during sleep
29
Occlusion
* alignment of the upper and lower teeth and the relationship of the dental arches when the mouth is closed and teeth are in contact
30
oral cavity
* entire inside of the mouth
31
Orthognathic
* a surgical procedure that aims to produce. a correct bite by lengthening, shortening, or realigning the jaws
* misaligned jaws requires this
* ortho also correct bite but are only able to reposition teeth not the jaw
32
Palate
* roof of the mouth
* including:
* hard and soft tissues
* separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity
33
Periodontal
* Tissues that support and surround the teeth
34
Temperomandibular joint
* hinge mechanism
* connects the temporal bone at the base of the skull with the mandible
35
Abscess
* buildup of pus in a particular area of the mouth
* caused by:
* bacterial infections
* tooth decay
* facial trauma
*
36
Abutment
* natural tooth or an artificial structure
* supports a dental prosthesis
* fixed bridge or implant
37
Chronic Disease
* Develops slowly
* long duration or lifetime
38
Remissions
* Periods when clinical manifestations disappear or diminish signification
39
Exacerbations
* Periods when clinical manifestations become worse or more severe
40
Sequelae
Any abnormal conditions that follow and are the result of a disease, treatment, or injury
