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Week 77 > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

ASA Classifications

A
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2
Q

simple fracture

A

overlying skin is intact

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3
Q

Compound fracture

A

bone communicates with the skin surface

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4
Q

comminuted fracture

A

bone is severely fragmented into many small pieces

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5
Q

displaced fracture

A

fracture site is not aligned

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6
Q

stress fracture

A
  • slowly developing fracture
  • follows a period of increased physical activity
    • where the bone is subjected to repetitive loads
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7
Q

Greenstick fracture

A
  • extending only partially through the bone
    • common in infants when bones are soft
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8
Q

pathologic fracture

A
  • bone weakened by underlying disease process
    • ex: solid tumor or hematopoietic-lymporeticular disease
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9
Q

Allograft

A

human to human transplant

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10
Q

Neurapraxia

A
  • injury to the nerve causes:
    • no loss of continuity of the axon or endoneurium
  • ex: implant placed in the inferior alveolar canal
    • compresses the nerve
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11
Q

axonotmesis

A
  • injury to the nerve causes:
    • loss of axonal continuity but preserves the endoneurium
  • Ex:
    • overly aggressive retraction of mental nerve
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12
Q

Neurotmesis

A
  • injury to the nerve cause:
    • loss of axonal and endoneurium continuity
  • ex:
    • cutting the inferior alveolar nerve during wisdom teeth removal
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13
Q

Pathology

A
  • study of structural alterations in cells, tissues, and organs
    • help to identify the cause of disease
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14
Q

Pathogenesis

A
  • pattern of tissue changes associated with the development of disease
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15
Q

Etiology

A

study of the cause of disease and/or injury

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16
Q

Idiopathic

A

Diseases with no identifiable cuase

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17
Q

Clinical manifestations

A

signs and symptoms

18
Q

Nosocomial

A
  • disease acquired as consequences of being in a hospital environment
19
Q

Diagnosis

A

naming or identification of a disease

20
Q

Prognosis

A

expected outcome of a disease

21
Q

Acute Disease

A
  • sudden appearance of signs and symptoms
    • lasts a short time
22
Q

Biopsy

A
  • removing a sample of tissue for testing and evaluation
    • test for oral cancer
23
Q

Bruxism

A
  • clenching or grinding teeth
    • usually while sleeping
24
Q

Exarticulated tooth

A
  • tooth that has been entirely displaced and no longer positioned in its socket
25
Q

Graft

A
  • quantity of tissue, bone, or composite substance
  • placed in contact w/existing tissue or bone
    • supplement a deficiency or repair an injury or defect
26
Q

Impaction

A
  • tooth cannot or does not erupt fully through the gum
    • usually blocked by another tooth, bone or soft tissue
27
Q

Maxillofacial

A
  • portion of the face that extends downward from the maxilla
28
Q

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

A
  • chronic condition
    • block or collapse in the airway interrupts normal breaking patterns during sleep
29
Q

Occlusion

A
  • alignment of the upper and lower teeth and the relationship of the dental arches when the mouth is closed and teeth are in contact
30
Q

oral cavity

A
  • entire inside of the mouth
31
Q

Orthognathic

A
  • a surgical procedure that aims to produce. a correct bite by lengthening, shortening, or realigning the jaws
  • misaligned jaws requires this
    • ortho also correct bite but are only able to reposition teeth not the jaw
32
Q

Palate

A
  • roof of the mouth
  • including:
    • hard and soft tissues
      • separates the oral cavity from the nasal cavity
33
Q

Periodontal

A
  • Tissues that support and surround the teeth
34
Q

Temperomandibular joint

A
  • hinge mechanism
  • connects the temporal bone at the base of the skull with the mandible
35
Q

Abscess

A
  • buildup of pus in a particular area of the mouth
  • caused by:
    • bacterial infections
    • tooth decay
      • facial trauma
        *
36
Q

Abutment

A
  • natural tooth or an artificial structure
  • supports a dental prosthesis
    • fixed bridge or implant
37
Q

Chronic Disease

A
  • Develops slowly
    • long duration or lifetime
38
Q

Remissions

A
  • Periods when clinical manifestations disappear or diminish signification
39
Q

Exacerbations

A
  • Periods when clinical manifestations become worse or more severe
40
Q

Sequelae

A

Any abnormal conditions that follow and are the result of a disease, treatment, or injury

Week 77 (11 decks)

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