Terminology 1

Question 0

Physiology

Answer 0

Physiology is concerned with basic processes such as reproduction, growth, and metabolism as they occur within the various systems of the body. Physiology is the study of how all these parts function.

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

A branch of science that deals with structural organization of living things– How they are built and what they consist of.

Question 2

Exercise physiology

Answer 2

Exercise physiology is concentrated to research specifically on how the body responds and adapts to the stresses placed on it by exercise.

Question 3

Anatomical position

Answer 3

Portrays the body in an upright standing position face and feet pointing forward with the arms at the sides and the forums fully supinated.

Question 4

Anatomical planes

Answer 4

Relate to positions in space and are at right angles to one another.

Question 5

Frontal or Coronal plane

Answer 5

Is vertical and extends from one side of the body to the other side.

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Transverse or horizontal plane

Answer 6

It is horizontal and divides the body into upper and lower segments.

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Sagittal or median plane

Answer 7

Is vertical and extends from the front of the body to the back.

Question 8

Anatomical axes

Answer 8

A series of imaginary lines used to describe the direction of movement at joints.

Question 9

Horizontal axis

Answer 9

Extends from one side of the body to the other.

Question 10

Longitudinal axis

Answer 10

Is vertical running from head to toe.

Question 11

Antero – posterior axis

Answer 11

Extends from the front of the body to the back.

Question 12

Flexion

Answer 12

The bending of a joint to reduce the angle between two or more bones. It occurs in the sagittal plane

Question 13

Extension

Answer 13

Extension is straightening a joint to increase the angle. It also occurs in the sagittal plane.

Question 14

Abduction

Answer 14

Is the movement away from the median plane. This movement occurs in the frontal plane.

Question 15

Adduction

Answer 15

Is the opposite to abduction. It is movement toward the median plane.

Question 16

Internal or medial rotation

Answer 16

Move limbs anterior surface medially or pivoting inwardly toward the midline.

Question 17

External or lateral rotation

Answer 17

The opposite of internal rotation or pivoting outwardly away from the midline.

Question 18

Circumduction

Answer 18

Is a circular motion combining flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.

Question 19

Supination

Answer 19

The lateral rotation of the hand and forearm such that the palm faces forward as in the anatomical position.

Question 20

Pronation

Answer 20

The medial rotation of the hand and forearm such that the palm faces backwards from the anatomical position.

Question 21

Protraction

Answer 21

Moving in a forward direction.

Question 22

Retraction

Answer 22

Moving in a backward direction.

Question 23

Dorsiflexion

Answer 23

A movement of the ankle in the sagittal plane that decreases the angle between the foot and the shin.

Question 24

Plantar flexion

Answer 24

Movement of the ankle in the sagittal plane that increases the angle between the foot and the shin.

Question 25

Inversion

Answer 25

It occurs when the medial border of the foot is raised such that the sole of the foot is turned inward.

Question 26

Eversion

Answer 26

It occurs when the lateral border of the foot is raised such that the sole of the foot is turned outward.

Question 27

Elevation

Answer 27

Involve the raising up to a more superior position.

Question 28

Depression

Answer 28

The opposite action to elevation, depression, involves the pulling down to a more inferior position.

Question 29

Anterior or ventral

Answer 29

Refers the front surfaces of the body.

Question 30

Posterior or dorsal

Answer 30

Refers to the back surfaces of the body.

Question 31

Superior

Answer 31

Refers to the upward surfaces.

Question 32

Inferior

Answer 32

Refers to downward surfaces.

Question 33

Medial

Answer 33

Means toward the midline or towards the median plane.

Question 34

Lateral

Answer 34

Means away from the midline or away from the median plane.

Question 35

Proximal

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Means toward the point of attachment of a limb to the body.

Question 36

Distal

Answer 36

Means further away from the point of attachment of a limb to the body.

Question 37

Superficial

Answer 37

Means on, or close to, the surface of the body.

Question 38

Deep

Answer 38

Farther away from the surface of the body.