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Blood Banking > Terminologies > Flashcards

Terminologies Flashcards

0
Q

It is a removal of a specific antibody from a mixture of antibody using cell of known specificity

A

Absorption

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1
Q

It is a situation when the ABO forward typing result does not agree with the result in the backward typing

A

ABO discrepancy

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2
Q

It is the production of antibody after antigenic exposure or stimulation

A

Active immunization

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3
Q

These are chemical substances added to red cells to extend shelf life up to 42 days

A

Additive

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4
Q

It is a rare condition characterized by the absence of antibodies

A

Agammagloubulinemia

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5
Q

It is the clumping of particulate antigens with the corresponding specific antibody.

A

Agglutination

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6
Q

Antigen is red cell when clumping occurs it is called

A

Hemagglutination

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7
Q

Alternative form of a gene occupying a given locus

A

Allele

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8
Q

Process of collecting amniotic fluid

A

Amniocentesis

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9
Q

It is the albuminous fluid contained in amniotic sac that provides nutrients to the developing fetus

A

Amniotic fluid

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10
Q

Referred to as the “silent gene” that does not produce a detectable antigen. O gene

A

Amorph

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11
Q

It is also known as secondary immune response and it also refers to the production of antibody after secondary antigenic exposure

A

Anamnestic response

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12
Q

Severe allergic hypersensitivity reaction

A

Anaphylaxis

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13
Q

It occurs before birth

A

Antenatal

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14
Q

Also known as immunoglobulin, and it refers to protein substances that are secreted by plasma cells and are produced in response to antigenic stimulation

A

Antibody

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15
Q

Immune antibody against foreign antigen of the same species

A

Alloantibody

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16
Q

Antibody against own antigens

A

Autoantibody

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17
Q

The unexpected antibody, refers to the antibody other than the naturally occurring anti-A and anti-B

A

Atypical antibody

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18
Q

Isoantibodies referred to as anti-A and anti-B

A

Naturally occurring antibody

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19
Q

Antibody derived from single clone of antigen

A

Monoclonal antibody

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20
Q

Antibody derived from more than one antibody producing plasma cells

A

Polyclonal antibody

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21
Q

These are reagents used to enhance or speed up antigen-antibody reaction

A

Antibody potentiators

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22
Q

This is used to detect immune antibody other than the naturally occurring through the use of completely phenotyped group O cells

A

Antibody screening test

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23
Q

It is any foreign substance which when introduced to the body stimulates antibody production

A

Antigen

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24
Q

It describes the ability of a substance to illicit immune response

A

Antigenic

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25
Q

It is a table of phenotyped group O cells showing different antigen used to screen and identify immune antibody

A

Antigram

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26
Q

It is also known as Coomb’s serum and it also refers to a secondary antibody against human IgG or complement

A

Antihuman Globulin Reagent

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27
Q

It is also known as Coomb’s test, and it also refers to a method that uses antibodies directed against human globulins to aid in the detection of RBCs sensitized by IgG alloantibodies….

A

Antihuman Globulin test

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28
Q

Commercially prepared reagent containing antibody with known specificity

A

Antiserum

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29
Q

It is used to describe antigens controlled by a pair of allelic genes

A

Antithetical

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30
Q

Method of blood collection in which whole blood is withdrawn and processed.

A

Aphresis

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31
Q

Removal of platelet

A

Plateletpheresis

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32
Q

Removal of Leukocytes

A

Leukapheresis

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33
Q

Removal of plasma

A

Plasmapheresis

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34
Q

It is the process of antibody removal through the use of the patients own antigen

A

Autoabsorption

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35
Q

It is abbreviated as PS PR and it refers to the testing of the patients serum for antibody against his own red cells; employed to detect autoantibody

A

Autocontrol

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36
Q

It refers to the strength of antigen-antibody reaction as influenced by characteristic feature of the antigen and antibody

A

Avidity

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37
Q

Biological substances that will pose threat

A

Biohazard

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38
Q

It is an antibody with reactivity occurring at 2 phases

A

Biphasic hemolysin

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39
Q

Consists of a single bag or interconnected multiple bags with tubings used in blood donation

A

Blood bag

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40
Q

It is one of the major divisions in a hospital laboratory that provides see blood to patients…

A

Blood bank

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41
Q

They refer to different cellular and liquid compositions of blood separated by physical means

A

Blood components

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42
Q

It is a frozen plasma product that contains all clotting factors; usually administered to patients with clotting factor deficiencies other than hemophilia

A

Fresh frozen plasma

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43
Q

It is a red cell component prepared by separating the plasma from a whole blood unit

A

Packed RBC

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44
Q

They are platelets removed from unrefrigerated fresh whole blood and stored for transfusion

A

Platelet concentrate

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45
Q

It is a platelet concentrate containing at least 5.5x10^10 platelets obtained manually by centrifugation

A

Random platelet concentrate

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46
Q

It is a platelet concentrate containing about 3.0x10^11 platelets obtained by apheresis

A

Single platelet concentrate

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47
Q

It is a concentrated coagulated Factor VIII and Factor I (fibrinogen) extracted from fresh frozen plasma

A

Cryoprecipitate

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48
Q

It is a blood component which includes prothrombin complexes……indicated in trauma, liver disease… Improving coagulation stability

A

Factor concentrate

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49
Q

These are erythrocytes that are treated with cryoprotective reagent and subsequently kept in freezing temperatures

A

Frozen Red Cell

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50
Q

These are erythrocytes that are treated by a solution containing pyruvate, inosine, phosphate…..and ATP to at least normal levels

A

Rejuvenated Red Cell

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51
Q

It is the application of physical means such as refrigerated centrifugation to separate the different cellular and liquid compositions of whole blood

A

Blood Component Preparation

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52
Q

It is a manual blood component prep….. Within 24 hours

A

Open system

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53
Q

It is a blood component preparation…..usually makes use of refrigerated centrifuge.

A

Closed system

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54
Q

It is a filter device attached to a blood or blood component unit designed to retain unwanted cells,blood clots, or debris

A

Blood Filter

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55
Q

These are soluble antigens present in fluids that can be used to neutralize their corresponding antibodies. Blood group systems that demonstrate BGSSs are ABO, Lewis, and P

A

Blood Group Specific Soluble Substances

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56
Q

It is a system classifying blood based on the presence or absence of inherited antigenic substances on the red blood cells

A

Blood Group System

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57
Q

The test used to determine the blood group system

A

Blood typing

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58
Q

It is the determination of red cell antigen through the use of antiserum of known specificity. Also known as red cell phenotyping

A

Forward/Direct/Cell Typing

59
Q

It is the determination of serum or plasma antibodies using cell of known antigenic profile

A

Backward/Indirect/Serum typing

60
Q

It is a device used to warming blood stored at refrigerator temperature of 4-6*C to body temperature before infusion

A

Blood warmer

61
Q

It is the failure of an individual to express inherited A or B genes because of tea lack of H gene. Has anti-H serum.

A

Bombay phenotype (Oh)

62
Q

It is a main soluble protein in the serum of the cattle that is often times used as an enzymatically inert protein or negative control

A

Bovine Serum Albumin

63
Q

It is the most preferred method for cross matching that include 3 phases: immediate spin, Thermophase, AHG phase

A

Broad Spectrum Compatibility test

64
Q

It is a condition producing two cell populations in an individual

A

Chimerism

65
Q

It is a rare condition characterized by the difficulty of the phagocytic cells to generate superoxide radicals which is needed in killing ingested pathogens. A person with this condition suffers from recurrent supprative e bacterial and fungal infections

A

Chronic Granulomatous Disease

66
Q

These are substances present in the plasma involved in clotting process

A

Coagulation factor

67
Q

Fibrinogen

A

Factor 1

68
Q

Prothrombin

A

Factor 2

69
Q

Tissue factor

A

Factor 3

70
Q

Calcium

A

Factor 4

71
Q

Proaccelerin

A

Factor 5

72
Q

Activated factor 5

A

Factor 6

73
Q

Proconvertin

A

Factor 7

74
Q

Antihemophillic factor A

A

Factor 8

75
Q

Christmas factor

A

Factor 9

76
Q

Stuart Prower factor

A

Factor 10

77
Q

Plasma thromboplastin antecedent

A

Factor 11

78
Q

Hageman factor

A

Factor 11

79
Q

Fibrin-stabilizing factor

A

Factor 12

80
Q

It is a sequence of three bases in a DNA strand that provides the genetic code for a specific amino acid

A

Codon

81
Q

It is a batch of test which include ABO and Rh grouping, screening of serum for alloantibodies, and cross matching

A

Compatibility test

82
Q

Serologically inactive when mixed

A

Compatible

83
Q

It is a complex of plasma proteins

A

Complement

84
Q

It is the transfusion of specific components rather than whole blood to treat the patient

A

Component therapy

85
Q

They are antibody-coated cells used to confirm negative results obtained in direct and indirect Antihuman globulin tests

A

Coomb’s control

86
Q

They are blood contains stem cells which are taken from the umbilical cord after childbirth

A

Cord cells

87
Q

It is a computed value used to evaluate effectiveness of platelet transfusion

A

Corrected count increment

88
Q

It is the process of exchange of genetic material between 2 homologous pairs of chromosomes

A

Crossing over

89
Q

It is the testing of the patients blood against donors blood

A

Crossmatch

90
Q

PS DR

A

Major Crossmatch

91
Q

PR DS

A

Minor crossmatch

92
Q

It is the process of mixing the recipients serum with donors red blood cells and centrifuging immediately

A

Immediate crossmatch

93
Q

Crossmatch via computer

A

Computerized crossmatch

94
Q

It is a type and screen coupled with immediate spin

A

Abbreviated crossmatch

95
Q

These are substances that are added to erythrocytes to protect them against the harmful effects of freezing temperature

A

Cryoprotective agent

96
Q

These are hidden receptors that may be exposed when normal erythrocytes membranes are altered by bacterial or viral enzymes

A

Cryptantigen

97
Q

It is the process of removing glycerol from a unit of RBCs after thawing to return them to normal osmolality

A

Degylcerolization

98
Q

These are frozen red cell whose glycerol has been removed by several washing

A

Deglycerolized red cell

99
Q

It is a plasma expander that may be used as a substitute for plasma

A

Dextran

100
Q

It is a genetic marker that is present in the child but absent in the mother and alleged father

A

Direct exclusion

101
Q

It is a sulfhydryl compound used to break down disulfide bonds of IgM

A

Dithiotreitol DTT

102
Q

It is a cryoprotectant used for hematopoietic progenitor cells

A

DMSO DiMethyl SulfOxide

103
Q

It is a biphasic IgG specifically directed to anti-P found in patients with Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria

A

Donath-Landsteiner antibody

104
Q

It is the process of giving blood to a reciptient

A

Donation

105
Q

This refers to an individual who give blood in a blood donation

A

Donor

106
Q

It is the phenomenon whereby an antibody reacts more strongly with a red blood cell showing double dose of antigens than those with single dose

A

Dosage

107
Q

It is a product of deliberate manipulation of a red cell suspension to break an immune complex with subsequent release of the antibody into the surrounding medium

A

Eluate

108
Q

It is a substance capable of catalyzing a reaction.

A

Enzyme

109
Q

Proteolytic enzyme obtained from the pineapple

A

Bromelin

110
Q

Proteolytic enzyme obtained from the human intestine

A

Trypsin

111
Q

Proteolytic enzyme obtained from the fig

A

Ficin

112
Q

Proteolytic enzyme obtained from the papaya

A

Papain

113
Q

It is the immunologic incompatibility between mother and fetus that can produce severe or fatal consequences

A

Erythroblastosis fetalis

114
Q

It refers to the replacement of an infants coated RBCs with donor blood until one or two blood volumes are accomplished

A

Exchange transfusion

115
Q

It refers to the activity where a person is likely to get foreign substances

A

Exposure

116
Q

It is a transfusion reaction caused by leukoagglutins characterized by fever

A

Febrile reaction

117
Q

It refers to the transplacental passage of fetal blood into the circulation of the maternal organism

A

Fetalmaternal hemorrhage

118
Q

It is a filamentous clot formed by the action of thrombin on fibrinogen

A

Fibrin

119
Q

It is also referred to as plasmin; a substance that has the ability to dissolve fibrin

A

Fibrinolysin

120
Q

It is the process of dissolving fibrin due to the action of fibrinolysin

A

Fibrinolysis

121
Q

It is a type of large glycoprotein that is found on the surface of the cells and mediates cellular adhesion

A

Fibronectin

122
Q

It is one of the five types of immunoglobulin known to be involved in immunity produced during the second immune response

A

Gamma globulin

123
Q

It is a unit of inheritance within a chromosome

A

Gene

124
Q

It is the term used to describe a pair of genes in which neither is dominant over. Both are expressed

A

Codominant

125
Q

It is a term used to describe a gene that does not appear to produce a detectable antigen

A

Amorphic

126
Q

One of two or more different genes that may occupy a specific locus on a chromosome

A

Allelic

127
Q

It is a term used to describe a gene that is expressed if present

A

Dominant

128
Q

Gene which is not expressed unless it is in the homozygous form

A

Recessive

129
Q

Produces a repressor substance that inhibits an operator gene

A

Regulatory

130
Q

A gene that suppresses the phenotypic expression of another gene

A

Suppressor

131
Q

It is the specific place on a chromosome where gene is located

A

Gene locus

132
Q

Cryoprotective reagent

A

Glycerol

133
Q

Carbohydrate attached lipid

A

Glycolipid

134
Q

It any of the several related proteins that can project through the thickness of the cell membrane of erythrocytes

A

Glycophorin

135
Q

It is a molecule that consists of carbohydrate plus protein

A

Glycoprotein

136
Q

It is a sphingolipid containing sugar glucose or galactose

A

Glycosphingolipid

137
Q

It is an enzyme needed to attach to a specific sugar molecule to a predetermined acceptor molecule

A

Glycosyl transferase

138
Q

It is an intense and frequently fatal immunologic reaction of engrafted cells against the host caused by the infusion of immunocompetent lymphocytes into individual with impaired immunity

A

Grafts vs host disease

139
Q

Markedly decreased leukocytes in the blood

A

Granulocytopenia

140
Q

These genes are close on the chromosome and inherited together by an individual

A

Haplotype

141
Q

It is a very small substance to stimulate antibody production without attaching to a larger molecule

A

Hapten

142
Q

It is a plasma protein which binds to hemoglobin following intravascular hemolysis

A

Haptoglobin

143
Q

It is an increase in the volume of blood plasma resulting to reduced concentration of red blood cells

A

Hemodilution

144
Q

It is a severe condition characterized by low RBC count resulting from destruction of circulating erythrocytes

A

Hemolytic anemia

145
Q

It is a condition wherein the patient has shortened red blood cell survival associated with hemolysis mediated by humoral antibody

A

Immune hemolytic anemia

146
Q

It refers to the continuous red blood cell destruction resulting to anemia due to the presence of autoantibodies directed against the patients own red blood cells

A

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Blood Banking (1 decks)

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