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Blood Banking > Terminologies > Flashcards

Terminologies Flashcards

0
Q

Zone of antibody escess

A

Prozone

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1
Q

It is a reaction that is influenced by the amount of antigen and antibody from the cell-serum mixture; presence of either prozone or postzone often leads to false negative result

A

Zonal reaction

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2
Q

It is a mixture of 0.1 M dithiothreitol plus 0.1% cysteine-activated papain used to dissociate IgG molecules from erythrocytes showing a positive DAT reaction

A

ZZAP

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3
Q

Zone of maximum or greatest reaction

A

Equivalence zone

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4
Q

It is the net negative charge of red cell measured at the surface of shear; if it is reduced, red cells tend to become closer to each other and therefore easier to agglutinate

A

Zeta potential

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5
Q

It is the blood group whose genes are located in the X-chromosome; Xg antigen is seen in greatest frequency among females than males

A

Xg blood group

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6
Q

It is the thick gelatinous substance rich in hyaluronic acid that make up the matrix of the umbilical cord

A

Wharton’s jelly

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7
Q

It is a soluble haptenic forms of A and B antigens capable of neutralizing their corresponding antibodies

A

Witebsky substance

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8
Q

It is the period of time when the disease is present but tested serologically negative

A

Window period

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9
Q

It refers to successive suspension of whole blood with NSS, centrifugation, and finally decanting completely the supernatant fluid. This is preferably done three times

A

Washing

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10
Q

It is a colorless crystalline compound widely used as an anticlotting drug; anticoagulant drug that acts by inhibiting synthesis of Vitamin K dependent factors: II, VII, IX and X

A

Warfarin

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11
Q

Zone of antigen excess

A

Post zone

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12
Q

It is the plasma cell dyscrasia characterized by excessive production of gamma M globulin

A

Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia

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13
Q

It is the ability of red cell to survive in vivo after transfusion

A

Viability

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14
Q

Kinds of warfarin

A

Coumadin, Panwarfin, Sofarin

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15
Q

It is a batch test that includes ABO, Rh and antibody screening test

A

Type and Screen (T/S)

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16
Q

It is the transfusion of blood stored in blood bag coming from a homologous donor

A

Indirect transfusion

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17
Q

It is the weaker variant of D-antigen that is detectable only through indirect antihuman globulin test

A

Weak D

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18
Q

It refers to type O and type AB individuals who are considered popularly as universal donor and recipient respectively

A

Universality concept

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20
Q

It is the transfer of blood directly from one person to another

A

Direct transfusion

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21
Q

It is a set of guidelines developed to protect healthcare workers from exposure to infectious agents

A

Universal precaution

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22
Q

It is the reciprocal of the highest dilution that shows a visible reaction

A

Titer

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23
Q

It is the vascular skin reaction commonly signaling allergic reaction

A

Urticaria (hives)

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25
Q

It is the blood transfusion to fetus in utero

A

Intrauterine transfusion

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25
Q

It is used in infants with HDN, it refers to withdrawal of small volume of blood and subsequent replacement with compatible blood

A

Exchange transfusion

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26
Q

It is he adverse reaction happening to a patient following transfusion of a unit of blood or its components

A

Transfusion Reaction

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26
Q

It is the administration of blood or its component intravenously

A

Transfusion

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28
Q

It is a brief loss of consciousness related to fainting

A

Syncope

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29
Q

These are antigens within the ABO group that are weakly expressed thus react less strongly with their corresponding antibody; often, it leads to ABO discrepancy

A

Subgroup

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30
Q

It is the blood taken from a patient to be used for the same patient

A

Autologous transfusion

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31
Q

It is a chemical preservative used in commercial typing sera to prevent bacterial contamination

A

Sodium azide (0.1%)

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32
Q

Kinds of Thiol reagent

A

DTT (dithiothreitol), 2-ME (2-mercaptoethanol)

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33
Q

It is a reagent that can be used to disperse agglutination caused by cold reactive IgM autoantibodies; useful in differentiating IgM from IgG antibodies

A

Thiol reagent

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34
Q

It is the biochemical changes happening on blood upon in vitro storage

A

Storage lesion

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35
Q

Also called as therapeutic apheresis; it refers to removal of blood components for treatment purposes

A

Therapeutic Phlebotomy

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35
Q

It refers to the boundary of the ionic cloud surrounding RBC in saline at which zeta potential is measured

A

Surface of Shear (slipping plane)

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36
Q

It is an inherited characteristic based from gene action

A

Trait

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37
Q

It is a severe physiologic reaction to trauma characterized by pallor, cyanosis, weak rapid pulse, drop in blood pressure which often leads to conciousness

A

Shock

38
Q

It is the characteristic of the antibody to react with cell expressing the corresponding antigen only

A

Specificity

39
Q

21 days after collection

A

ACD, CPD, CP2D

40
Q

35 days after collection

A

CPDA-1

41
Q

40:1 ratio

A

Achieved by dropping 2 drops serum to 1 drop 5% red cell suspension

42
Q

In transfusion medicine, it refers to the length of time when blood can still be used before it expires; usually related to the type of anticoagulant used

A

Shelf life

43
Q

It is a procedure that is done in the tube

A

In vitro sensitizaztion

44
Q

It refers to the required drops of serum to mix with certain drops of red cell suspension to achieve greater reactivity

A

Serum to Cell Ratio

45
Q

133:1 ratio

A

4 drops serum to 1 drop 3% rcs

46
Q

It is the yellowish portion of the blood after clotting or centrifugation which can also be used as a source of antibody

A

Serum

47
Q

It is a systemic disease caused by the presence of pathogenic microorganisms. Microbes in blood

A

Septicemia

48
Q

It is the process of allowing interaction or attachment of an incomplete antibody to red cell antigen but no subsequent agglutination reaction seen.

A

Sensitization

49
Q

It is the group O cells with complete profile of antigens used in antibody detection

A

Screening cells

50
Q

Reaction that happens intravascularly

A

In vivo sensitization

51
Q

It is used to determine fetomaternal hemorrhage based on the ability of fetal cells to aggregate around indicator cells

A

Rosette test

52
Q

I is a method of getting a sample to an individual

A

Sampling

  • Pre transfusion sampling
  • Post transfusion sampling
53
Q

A person who acquire the Se gene either homozygously or heterozygously and is capable of producing ABH substances in secretions

A

Secretor

54
Q

It is a phenotype of a person who suffers from anemia and whose red cells do not express any Rh antigens

A

Rh null

56
Q

It is an inherited characteristic showing decreased expression of Rh antigens

A

Rh mod

57
Q

It is an additional blood bag attached to the primary bag generally intended for component preparation

A

Satellite bags

57
Q

It is the procedure used to determine blood group soluble substances; this test is used in establishing real blood group if the expression is so weak to be detected by routine cell typing

A

Saliva testing

58
Q

It is the concentrated purified Anti-D given as a prophylactic to Rh- person who is exposed to D-antigen wither thorugh pregnancy or blood transfusion

A

Rh Immune Globulin

300 ug of RhIg against 30 ml fetal whole blood or 15 ml of packed cells

59
Q

Other name for Respiratory Distress Syndrome

A

Hyaline Membrane Disease

60
Q

It is a synonym for antigens in the Rh blood group system

A

Rh factor

61
Q

It is the disease of unknown cause most frequently seen among premature infants characterized primarily by acute difficulty in breathing

A

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

62
Q

System of procedures that ensures a laboratory to operate with the most minimal errors.

A

Quality assurance

63
Q

It refers to the required speed at a given time to sediment particles from a fluid mixture

A

Relative Centrifugal Force (RCF)

65
Q

It is the group of red cells whose appearance resembles stacks of coins associated with the use of plasma expanders or presence of abnormal plasma proteins

A

Rouleaux Formation

65
Q

The close monitoring of laboratory operations to allow maximum reliability of test result

A

Quality control

66
Q

Refers to a person who benefits and receives blood transfusion

A

Recipient

67
Q

It is the relative strength of an antibody present in a given antiserum usually expressed in titer

A

Potency

68
Q

Enhances antigen-antibody reaction by concentrating antibody in the mixture through removal of water

A

Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)

70
Q

2x2 grid used for gene combination

A

Punnett Square

70
Q

This medium has lower ionic strength that increases the rate of the antibody association. Incubation may be shortened to 5-15 minutes.

A

Low Ionic Strength Saline Solution: 0.2% NaCl in glycine

71
Q

Extra blood sample collected during whole blood donation from a donor which is intended for serological testing.

A

Pilot Tube

72
Q

It is any substance that enhances antigen-antibody interaction from a given cell-serum mixture which may be used ro detect low-titered antibodies in routine testing.

A

Potentiator

73
Q

Synthetic volume expander

Crystalloids:
Colloids:

A

: Ringer’s Lactate and NSS

: Dextran (6-10%) and HES

74
Q

Positively charged polymer that reduces zeta potential by neutralizing the negative charge in red cell. Useful in the identification of antibodies in the Kidd blood group system.

A

Polybrene

75
Q

“After child birth”

A

Post partum

76
Q

It is the inability of the patient to respond favorably after platelet transfusion thus the desired increment in platelet is not achieved.

A

Platelet refractoriness

77
Q

It is the spontaneous agglutination of the red cells by most normal adult sera regardless of blood group.

A

Polyagglutination

78
Q

Blood group system showing several allelic forms therefore rendering more than one alternative phenotype.

A

Polymorphism

78
Q

Plasma derived volume expander:

A

: Normal Serum albumin- 96% albumin + 4% globulin

: Plasma Protein Fraction- 83% albumin + 17% globulin

80
Q

It is a type of cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia in which a biphasic IgG antibody can be demonstrated with anti-P specificity.

A

Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria

81
Q

Products that are transfused in patients suffering from hypovolemia, burn or shock patients.

A

Plasma Volume Expander

81
Q

Detectable characteristics of genes

A

Phenotype

82
Q

It is a diagrammatic chart used for illustrating the inheritance patterns of traits in a family study.

A

Pedigree chart

84
Q

Initial treatment if elevated bilirubin using lights.

A

Phototherapy

85
Q

It refers to the chance that the alleged father is the biological father.

A

Paternity Index

86
Q

It is the spontaneous clumping of red blood cells against a given serum.

A

Panagglutination

87
Q

It is a D antigen that is missing part of its typical antigenic structure.

A

Partial D

88
Q

It refers to a woman who had at least one pregnancy.

A

Primiparous

89
Q

It is the group O reagent red blood cells that are used for antibody identification.

A

Panel cell

90
Q

It is the required temperature which the antibody is most reactive.

A

Optimum temperature

91
Q

It is a chemical compound formed by a small number of simple carbohydrate molecules.

A

Oligosaccharide Chain

92
Q

It is any individual who fails to express any antigens on the red cells

A

Null Phenotype

Blood Banking (1 decks)

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