Terminologies

Question 1

Inference

Answer 1

Statement: Sarah is carrying an umbrella and wearing a raincoat.

Inference: It is likely raining outside.

In this example, based on the observation of Sarah carrying an umbrella and wearing a raincoat, we can infer that it is likely raining outside. This inference is made by connecting the information available (Sarah’s actions and attire) with our prior knowledge that people usually carry umbrellas and wear raincoats when it’s raining.

Question 1

Causality

Answer 1

Causality refers to the relationship between cause and effect, where one event (the cause) brings about another event (the effect). It is the principle that states that every event has a cause or multiple causes that led to its occurrence

For example, if we observe that turning on a light switch causes the light bulb to illuminate, we can infer a causal relationship between the switch being turned on and the light bulb lighting up