Terminolgy 8-14 Flashcards

1
Q

Antibiotic resistance

A

Th ability of a bacterium to resist the effects of antibacterials

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2
Q

Bactericidal

A

A drug that reduces the number of bacteria by killing them directly

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3
Q

Bacteriostatic

A

A drug that reduces the number of bacteria by preventing them from diving and growing rather than killing them

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4
Q

Drug generation

A

Stage of drug development in which later generations are changed slightly to improve their effectiveness or means of administration

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5
Q

Spectrum of efficacy

A

A measure of how many different types of bacteria a drug can kill or prevent from growing

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6
Q

Susceptible organisms

A

Bacteria or other organisms that either can be killed or have their reproduction reduced by antibacterial drugs

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7
Q

Antiretroviral drugs

A

A category of antiviral drugs that suppress the replication of viruses that use RNA as their primary genetic material instead of DNA

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8
Q

Antiviral drugs

A

Drugs that are virustatic against non retroviruses and prevent them from either reproducing or releasing genetic material

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9
Q

Viral load

A

The number of viral particles in a blood sample indicates viral infection

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10
Q

Virulence

A

The measure of how well a microorganism can invade and persist in growing even when a persons body is trying to destroy it

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11
Q

Virus

A

An intracellular, microscopic parasite

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12
Q

Fungus

A

A simple organism with one or more cells that reproduce by spores

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13
Q

Tuberculosis

A

A highly communicable disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis

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14
Q

Antibody

A

A y shaped protein with areas that bind to anything that has the same specific code that trigger the B cells to make specific antibodies

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15
Q

Antigen

A

Any cell will a different code for your own that enters the body n is recognized as foreign and will trigger the B cells to make antibodies

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16
Q

Artificially acquired active immunity

A

Type of antibody that is started when an antigen is placed into your body on purpose to get your B cells to make specific antibodies against it

17
Q

Autoimmune disease

A

A condition when a persons immune system sees his or her own cells as foreign and develops immunity against them

18
Q

Naturally acquired active immunity

A

Type of antibody that is started when your body is invaded by foreign organisms without assistance and your B cells learn to make antibodies against foreign invaders

19
Q

Toxoid

A

The vaccine that contains either a modified toxin that an organism produces or an actual part of the organism

20
Q

Vaccine

A

A biologic preparation containing universal product codes for a specific disease causing microorganism

21
Q

Cancer

A

Abnormal cell growth that serves no useful purpose is invasive and without intervention can lead to death

22
Q

Carcinogen

A

Any substance or event that can damage the DNA of a normal cell and cause cancer to develop

23
Q

Targeted therapy

A

A group of drugs for cancer treatment that takes advantage of one or more differences in cancer cell growth or metabolism

24
Q

Vesicants

A

Drugs and chemicals that cause tissue damage on direct contact

25
Q

Diabetes mellitus

A

A metabolic disease that results from either the loss of ability to make insulin or loss of sensitivity for presence of insulin

26
Q

Glucagon

A

The hormone released by the alpha cells of the pancreas and a synthetic drug that prevents hypoglycemia by breaking down glycogen from the live into glucose

27
Q

Glucose

A

Most common simple carbohydrate and main fuel in human body

28
Q

Insulin secretagogues

A

A class of noninsulin antidiabetic drugs known as stimulators that work by stimulating the beta cells to release insulin

29
Q

Insulin sensitizers

A

Increase the sensitivity of the insulin receptor to the binding of naturally secreted insulin

30
Q

Noninsulin antidiabetic drugs

A

Oral and injectable drugs that use many actions to assist in lowering blood glucose levels

31
Q

Aldosterone

A

A hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that regulates sodium and water balance

32
Q

Corticosteroids

A

Drugs similar to natural cortisol a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex

33
Q

Thyroid hormone agonists

A

Drugs that mimic the affect of thyroid hormones T3 and T4 helping regulate metabolism