Terminolgy 8-14 Flashcards
Antibiotic resistance
Th ability of a bacterium to resist the effects of antibacterials
Bactericidal
A drug that reduces the number of bacteria by killing them directly
Bacteriostatic
A drug that reduces the number of bacteria by preventing them from diving and growing rather than killing them
Drug generation
Stage of drug development in which later generations are changed slightly to improve their effectiveness or means of administration
Spectrum of efficacy
A measure of how many different types of bacteria a drug can kill or prevent from growing
Susceptible organisms
Bacteria or other organisms that either can be killed or have their reproduction reduced by antibacterial drugs
Antiretroviral drugs
A category of antiviral drugs that suppress the replication of viruses that use RNA as their primary genetic material instead of DNA
Antiviral drugs
Drugs that are virustatic against non retroviruses and prevent them from either reproducing or releasing genetic material
Viral load
The number of viral particles in a blood sample indicates viral infection
Virulence
The measure of how well a microorganism can invade and persist in growing even when a persons body is trying to destroy it
Virus
An intracellular, microscopic parasite
Fungus
A simple organism with one or more cells that reproduce by spores
Tuberculosis
A highly communicable disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis
Antibody
A y shaped protein with areas that bind to anything that has the same specific code that trigger the B cells to make specific antibodies
Antigen
Any cell will a different code for your own that enters the body n is recognized as foreign and will trigger the B cells to make antibodies
Artificially acquired active immunity
Type of antibody that is started when an antigen is placed into your body on purpose to get your B cells to make specific antibodies against it
Autoimmune disease
A condition when a persons immune system sees his or her own cells as foreign and develops immunity against them
Naturally acquired active immunity
Type of antibody that is started when your body is invaded by foreign organisms without assistance and your B cells learn to make antibodies against foreign invaders
Toxoid
The vaccine that contains either a modified toxin that an organism produces or an actual part of the organism
Vaccine
A biologic preparation containing universal product codes for a specific disease causing microorganism
Cancer
Abnormal cell growth that serves no useful purpose is invasive and without intervention can lead to death
Carcinogen
Any substance or event that can damage the DNA of a normal cell and cause cancer to develop
Targeted therapy
A group of drugs for cancer treatment that takes advantage of one or more differences in cancer cell growth or metabolism
Vesicants
Drugs and chemicals that cause tissue damage on direct contact
Diabetes mellitus
A metabolic disease that results from either the loss of ability to make insulin or loss of sensitivity for presence of insulin
Glucagon
The hormone released by the alpha cells of the pancreas and a synthetic drug that prevents hypoglycemia by breaking down glycogen from the live into glucose
Glucose
Most common simple carbohydrate and main fuel in human body
Insulin secretagogues
A class of noninsulin antidiabetic drugs known as stimulators that work by stimulating the beta cells to release insulin
Insulin sensitizers
Increase the sensitivity of the insulin receptor to the binding of naturally secreted insulin
Noninsulin antidiabetic drugs
Oral and injectable drugs that use many actions to assist in lowering blood glucose levels
Aldosterone
A hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that regulates sodium and water balance
Corticosteroids
Drugs similar to natural cortisol a hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex
Thyroid hormone agonists
Drugs that mimic the affect of thyroid hormones T3 and T4 helping regulate metabolism
