Termes critiques anglais

Question 1

a character who represent “a single idea or quality,” “easily recognized when they come in,” “unalterable,” and “easily remembered”

Answer 1

flat character

Question 2

character who is “capable of surprising in a convincing way”

Answer 2

round character

Question 3

type of link which can exist between a reader and a character

Answer 3

identification and distance

Question 4

minimal narratorial intervention:

Answer 4

showing = indirect showing = indirect characterization

Question 5

strong narratorial intervention:

Answer 5

telling = direct telling = direct characterization

Question 6

provided by the space markers and time markers in the story:

Answer 6

spatio-temporal setting

Question 7

any indication where the scene is set:

Answer 7

space marker/ spatial reference

Question 8

when the description of

the story’s setting helps create an illusion of reality

Answer 8

referential function of a setting

Question 9

illusion of reality, by which a fictional world is made to resemble the one we live in

Answer 9

verisimilitude or “effet de réel” by Roland Barthes

Question 10

descriptive passage, digression:

Answer 10

pause

Question 11

time elapsed in the story < time necessary to read the passage:

Answer 11

stretch

Question 12

time elapsed in the story = time necessary to read the passage:

Answer 12

scene

Question 13

time elapsed in the story > time necessary to read the passage:

Answer 13

summary and ellipsis

Question 14

un narrateur fiable/pas fiable

Answer 14

reliable/unreliable

Question 15

un narrateur peu discret, à la présence marquée

Answer 15

intrusive

Question 16

un narrateur discret

Answer 16

unobtrusive = self-effacing = impersonal

Question 17

a narrative in which the narrator is designated by an “I” or, more rarely, a “ we ”

Answer 17

first-person narration

Question 18

a third-person narrative in which the narrator does not intervene as a character in the story s/he tells

Answer 18

heterodiegetic narrator

Question 19

a first-person narrative in which the narrator is also a character in the story s/he tells

Answer 19

homodiegetic narrator

Question 20

the character seems to be thinking aloud

Answer 20

interior monologue

Question 21

used when the main story contains a second-degree story, often creating a mirror effect in the narrative

Answer 21

mise en abyme = embedding

Question 22

related to “the

fundamental facts of human existence”, like life, death, birth, sexuality, etc.

Answer 22

archetype, archetypal symbol

Question 23

figure of speech containing an exaggeration for emphasis

Answer 23

hyperbole (n.), hyperbolic (adj.)

Question 24

moment of great intensity

Answer 24

climax (n.), climactic (adj.)

Question 25

fiction about fiction; work of fiction questioning the nature and techniques of fiction itself,

Answer 25

metafiction

Question 26

a form of personification in which human feelings are ascribed to the inanimate

Answer 26

pathetic fallacy

Question 27

the plan or pattern of events in a play

Answer 27

plot

Question 28

some psychoanalytic terms

Answer 28

the ego (“ le moi ”, conscious self), the id (“ le ça ”, instincts), the superego (“ le surmoi ”

Question 29

the character seems to be thinking aloud, and the flow of his / her thoughts can be chaotic

Answer 29

stream of consciousness