Term Test 1 Flashcards
Athletes have to train their brain just how they train their body. (True or false)
True
Our ____ drives our body.
Brain
Definition of Psychology
The scientific study of individual behaviours in terms of underlying mental processes.
Definition of Sociology
The scientific study of society or groups of individuals.
Definition of social psychology.
Social psychology is the scientific attempt to explain how the thoughts, feelings and behaviours of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined or implied presence of other human beings.
What is the a complete model of Sport Psychology
Personal factors and situational factors influencing underlying mental processes, resulting in individual/group behaviour.
Behaviour is affected by a lot of different sources. These sources can be from:
The environment, internal to athlete, or other mental processes like thoughts and emotions.
How do Mental Performance Consultants help athletes change their behaviours?
Maximizing +ve sources and minimizing -ve sources.
What are the two levels of mental training?
- Overall productive thinking
- Specific mental techniques to maximize competitive outcomes.
What is the overall model of productive thinking for athletes?
FCDM(Figure it out, Control the controllable, Deal with it, Make it happen)
What can individuals trained in sport and exercise psychology do? (Academic terms)
They can conduct research, teach in universities, and consult athletes of all ages.
What are the 2 types of consultant?
Clinical Sport Psychologist and Educational Sport Psychology Specialists (mental performance consultant)
Distinguish between the two types of s consultants
- Clinical Sport psychologists:
They can detect and treat patients with emotional disorders - Educational Sport Psychology specialist:
They have good knowledge of sport and exercise science and kinesiology, hence they understand the psychology of movement better
What are some current issues regarding sport psychology and consultants:
- Tension between academic and applied psychology
- Limited full-time opportunities for applied sport psychologists
- Limited recognition in the sport world
- Ethics and competence issues: many unqualified individuals practice in this field
What does CSPA stand for?
Canadian Sport Psychology Association
Defining Personality
The sum of characteristics that make a person unique. (Weinberg & Gould)
The dynamic organization, within the individual, of those psychosocial systems that determine his characteristic behaviour and thought. (Allport)
What is the bottom line of these definitions?
There are diverse definitions but each definition tries to focus on differences in the way that people feel, think, or act.
What is Hollander’s classification of personality?
Bottom to top of pyramid:
3. Psychological Core
2. Typical Responses
1. Role-related behaviour
What is psychological core?
Psychological core is the most basic and deepest attitudes, values, interests, motives and self-worth of a person. The real-self of a person, their core values.
Psychological core=core values of that person.
What are typical responses?
The way one typically adjusts or responds to the environment.
What is role-related behaviour?
How one acts in a particular social situation. Basically playing a character.
What are the different approaches to understand personality?
- Psychodynamic Approach
- Trait Approach
- Situational Approach
- Interactional Approach
- Phenomenological Approach
- Integrative or Biopsychosocial approach
What is the Psychodynamic Approach?
Behaviour is determined by several unconscious, constantly changing factors that often conflict with one another.
What is Psychodynamic approach’s weakness, current impact and contribution?
Current impact: Has little influence and has not been adopted by most contemporary sport psychologists
Weakness: gives little or no attention to the social environment, only focuses on internal factors.
Contribution: has increased awareness that subconscious determinants of behaviour exist.
What is the Trait Approach?
Behaviour is influenced by relatively stable traits that are fundamental units of personality. These traits predispose one to act in a certain way in any situation. For instance, if a person is shy, they will tend to act shy regardless of any social situation.
What is the Big 5 model of personality components? (Trait approach)
- Neuroticism
- Extroversion
- Openness to experience
- Agreeableness
- Conscientiousness.
NEOAC
What is perfectionism?
It is a multidimensional construct that consists of various components, including setting high standards, feeling concern over mistakes, and being highly organized.
Types of perfectionism:
Self-oriented, socially prescribed and other-oriented.
What is the bottom-line regarding perfectionism?
Perfectionism can lead to both, extremely positive or extremely negative consequences.
High expectations from ourselves motivate us to do great things, whereas unrealistic expectations from ourselves cause is to do some not so great things.
What is the current impact, weakness and contribution for trait approach?
Current impact: has some influence
Weakness: knowing traits does not always help in predicting behaviours in particular situations
Contributions: emphasizes the importance of traits and the measurement of such dispositions.
What is the situational approach?
Behaviour is largely determined by situation or environment. Situation here is a bigger determinant than trait.
What is the current impact, weakness and contribution of the situational approach?
Current Impact: has some influence
Weakness: situation will not always influence individual behaviour
Contribution: Emphasizes the importance of situation.
What is the interactional approach?
Behaviour is determined by both the person and the situational factors as well as by their interaction. This approach is most favoured by sport and exercise psychologists.