Term IDs

Question 1

Septuagint:

Answer 1

abbreviated LXX The Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible. Created under the Ptolemaic rule of Jerusalem. Sign of Hellenization of the Holy Land, which shift from Hebrew to Greek as academic language. Later church fathers would only have read the Hebrew Bible in the form of the Septuagint. Several versions are in existence.

Question 2

Pharisees:

Answer 2

A Jewish sect that emphasized strict adherence to the purity laws set forth in the Torah and believed in the resurrection of the dead.

Question 3

Sadducees:

Answer 3

A Jewish party associated with the Temple cult and the Jewish priests who ran it, comprising principally the Jewish aristocracy in Judea. The party leader, the High Priest, served as the highest ranking local official and chief liaison with the Roman governor.

Question 4

Q:

Answer 4

The theoretical source from which the Matthew and Luke derived their like passages that are not in Mark. The theory assumes both authors had access and utilized Mark.

Question 5

Signs Source/Semeia Source:

Answer 5

A document, which no longer survives, thought by many scholars to have been used as one of the sources of Jesus’ ministry in the Fourth Gospel; it reputedly narrated a number of the miraculous deeds of Jesus.

Question 6

Historical Jesus:

Answer 6

The scholarly pursuit of identifying the individual of Jesus of Nazareth in the historical record. It aims at fully understanding the historical context of the time and place in which Jesus lived. It also seeks to understand his life and teachings as a series of historical events.
Dissimilarity
Multiple attestation
Contextual credibility(validity of the source)

Question 7

Criterion of dissimilarity:

Answer 7

One of the criteria commonly used by scholars to establish historically reliable material; the criterion maintains that if a saying or deed of Jesus does not coincide with (or works against) the agenda of the early Christians, it is more likely authentic.

Question 8

Multiple attestation:

Answer 8

One of the criteria commonly used by scholars to establish historically reliable material; the criterion maintains that if a saying or deed of Jesus is narrated by several sources (intra- and extra- biblically), it is more likely authentic. Greater weight is given to those which are attested in non-Christian literature.

Question 9

Undisputed letters of Paul:

Answer 9

Romans, 1 and 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Philippians, 1 Thessalonians, and Philemon- letters that scholars overwhelmingly judge to have been written by Paul.

Question 10

Gentile:

Answer 10

A Jewish designation for a non-Jew. Coming from the latin gens or clan. The Jews were making a statement that they were not part of the gens kinship system.

Question 11

Thanksgiving (as formal element of a letter):

Answer 11

Typically the second section of an ancient letter following the Salutation and preceding the main body of the letter. It usually praises the receiving community for their faith. This section is conspicuously absent in Galatians.

Question 12

Justification by Faith:

Answer 12

The idea that works cannot obtain God’s favor, but faith alone. Therefore, faith in Christ alone is sufficient for salvation. Paul seems to be an advocate of this position. This ideology would come to characterize the Reformation.

Question 13

Ecclesiology:

Answer 13

Ideology about forming a church. It concerns itself with hierarchy (bishops, deacons, the place of women and slaves within the congregation etc.) and lectionary.

Question 14

Apostleship in Paul and in Acts:

Answer 14

One who is commissioned to perform a task, from a Greek work meaning “sent”; in early Christianity, the term was used to designate special emissaries of the faith who were understood to be representatives of Christ.

Question 15

Vice-List:

Answer 15

Paul often uses this literary device to advise his communities. It is a listing of vices, or things which defile a person. These lists often included lust, fornication, greed and licentiousness. e.g. Romans 1:28-32

Question 16

Delay of the Parousia:

Answer 16

The term “Parousia” is a Greek word meaning “presence” or “coming,” used as a technical term to refer to the Second Coming of Jesus in judgement at the end of time. That Jesus did not come again within disciples’ lifetimes, as had been foretold in some traditions, left communities, such as the 1 Thesolonian, concerned that either Christ was not coming or that he had already come. Luke explains the Parousia as coming well into the future.

Question 17

Eschatology:

Answer 17

Literally the “study of (or doctrine of) the end times.” A technical term that is used to describe notions of what will happen at the “end” either the end of a person’s life or, more commonly, the end of the world. The book of Revelation is the primary source of eschatological literature in modern Christianity. There are eschatological ideas in the letters of Paul and in the gospels.

Question 18

Deutero-Pauline Epistles:

Answer 18

The letters of Ephesians, Colossians, and 2 Thessalonians, which have a “secondary” (Duetero) standing in the Pauline corpus because scholars debate whether they were written by Paul.

Question 19

Pseudonymity:

Answer 19

The practice of writing under a different name than one’s own. Ancient writers, such as those of the letters, such as the Deutero-Pauline epistles and letter of James, may have used pseudonyms to derive authority from the name they used to push their ideas.

Question 20

Household Codes:

Answer 20

Rules for running a household, most often “addressed” to the father or male head of the household. An example of a Christian Household Code is found in Ephesians 5.

Question 21

Genre Apocalypse:

Answer 21

A literary genre in which an author, usually pseudonymous, reports symbolic dreams or visions, given or interpreted through an angelic mediator, which reveal the heavenly mysteries that can make sense of earthly realities. This reality is dualistic- good vs evil. The book of Revelation is an example of Apocalyptic literature.

Question 22

Apostolic Fathers:

Answer 22

A collection of noncanonical writings penned by proto-orthodox Christians of the second century who were traditionally thought to have been followers of the apostles,; some of these workers were considered Scripture in parts of the early church.

Question 23

Acts of Paul and Acts of Thecla/Thekla:

Answer 23

A novel-like work of the second century narrating the (legendary) female disciple of Paul.