Term 4 Theory

Question 1

1. Name 5 Natural Resources and an example of what we use them for

Answer 1

Soil - Grow plants/ food
Air - Oxygen
Water - Drinking
Forests - Wood, furniture, fire
Animals - Protein

Question 2

2. Fish are a good source of ____?

Answer 2

Protein

Question 3

2. Why are fish becoming extinct?

Answer 3

More and more fish are being removed from the ocean. They are in danger of becoming used up (extinct).

Question 4

2. What is Southern African Sustainable Seafood Initiative (SASSI) trying to do?

Answer 4

They are trying to teach people in South Africa about better fishing methods that are not harmful to the fish and the environment.

Question 5

2. SASSI Shopper’s guide of fish Species:
   Green - __________
   Orange - __________
   Red - ____________

Answer 5

Green : ‘ Best Choice’ won’t run out any time soon.
Orange : ‘Think Twice’ running out quickly.
Red : ‘Don’t Buy’ in danger of extinction or are illegal to catch and buy.

Question 6

3. What percentage of South African coastlines are protected?

Answer 6

17%

Question 6

3. What are some of the threats marine areas experience? Name 3.

Answer 6

1. Overfishing
2. Pollutions from ships
3. Exploitations of coastal settlement
4. Tourism

Question 7

3. What do Marine Protected Areas (MPA’s)do? Name 3.

Answer 7

1. Prohibit fishing
2. Controlled human activity
3. Protect and conserve marine life
4. Reduce conflict between people competing for coastal resources
5. Laws against fishing methods that take too many fish at a time.

Question 8

4. Name 2 Community Conservation Projects you have learnt about.

Answer 8

1. Rainman Landcare Foundation

2. Mahushe Shongwe Game Reserve.

Question 9

4. What type of Community conservation projects does Rainman Landcare do?

Answer 9

They do projects that show people the better way to use natural resources.
Rainman helps local farms in KZN: produce more food and conserve soil and water.

Question 10

4. Name the 3 methods taught by the Rainman Landcare Foundation.

Answer 10

1. Compost - replenishes soil health.
2. Swales - banks of grass to prevent water loss.
3. Mulch - stops soil from drying.

Question 11

4. What type of Community conservation projects does Mahushe Game Reserve do?

Answer 11

They do projects that make income for the community by using the natural environment as a resources.

Question 12

4. How did Mahushe Shongwe Game Reserve get developed?

Answer 12

Land couldn’t be used for farming so it was developed into a game reserve.

Question 13

4. How does Mahushe benefit the community?

Answer 13

1. The parks creates jobs

2. Money made by the park goes to the Mziniti Community

Question 14

How awesome are you???

Answer 14

1000%

Question 14

5. What is Eco-tourism

Answer 14

It’s a type of tourism that involves tourists visiting an area of
natural beauty without harming the natural environment or its resources.

Question 15

5. What does eco-tourism aim to protect?

Answer 15

The areas biodiversity (animals and plants), historical sites and natural sites.

Question 16

5. Give 4 examples of typical eco-tourism activities.

Answer 16

- game viewing
• pony trekking and horse riding
• bird watching
• scuba diving and snorkelling
• hiking
• whale-watching
• mountain biking
• visiting historical sites
• rock climbing.

Question 17

5. What % of water on earth is fresh water?

Answer 17

1%

Question 18

5. What do people need fresh water for?

Answer 18

1. Homes- cooking, cleaning, washing, toilets.
2. Factories - processes, removing minerals from rocks, etc
3. Farming - irrigation, animals, cleaning, washing.

Question 19

5. What is South Africa’s complex water system made up of?

Answer 19

Rivers
Dams
Pipes

Question 20

5. Is water Scarce in SA?

Answer 20

Yes. Many parts of the country are dry for long periods of time (JHB in winter).

Question 21

5. Whats is water generated electricity called?

Answer 21

Hydropower

Question 22

8. What are subsistence farms

Answer 22

Farms that grow food just for themselves, and so they do not impact the land too much.

Question 23

8. How do subsistence farmers minimise their impact on the land?

Answer 23

1. They don’t use chemicals that pollute the water.
2. They use traditional farming methods.
3. They water their crops by hand.

Question 24

8. What is commercial farming

Answer 24

Famers who grow crops for business.(Large scale).

They negatively impact the environment.

Question 25

8. How do commercial farms negatively impact the land?

Answer 25

1. They use 2/3 of the fresh water in SA, mainly for irrigation.
   They use chemicals such as pesticides and fertilizers which can wash into the rivers.

Question 26

8. Name 2 ways farmers can use water more responsibly.

Answer 26

1. Use an irrigation method that reaches each plant’s root system.
2. Irrigation at the coolest part of the day, and only when needed. (Not when its raining)
3. Make sure soils are well drained (water is able to seep through into the lower layers of the soil easily).
4. Plant crops that do not need a lot of irrigation.

Question 27

8. What % of water in SA do Mines, power and factories use?

Answer 27

8%

Question 28

8. How can people use water more reasonably? Name 3

Answer 28

1. Fix leaking pipes and mend dripping taps.
2. Use buckets of water to wash cars, yards and windows.
3. Don’t leave the tap running when you brush your teeth.
4. Use tanks to store rainwater from the roofs of houses.
5. Install toilets in buildings that use less water.