Term 4 Resource Flashcards by Kyle Siebert

Name two important kinds of natural resources

1) Renewable

- 2) Non- renewable

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What is a Natural resource?

are resources that come from nature

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What is a Non-renewable resource?

Is a natural resource that cannot be produced, grown or generated.

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Give examples of Non-renewable resources

Fossil fuels ( coal, petroleum)

2. Minerals ( Iron, Gold and Platinum)

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[FILL IN THE MISSING WORDS]

Coal-burning power stations produce 1) _______ gases that contribute to 2)_________

1) greenhouse

2) Global warming.

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What is global warming?

the warming of Earth’s atmosphere and oceans.

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What is a Renewable resource?

A resource that can be used continuously (used again and again) e.g. Water, Soil, air and forests

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What is the Effects of unwise use of resources:

poor farming methods
Pollution e.g. water, air, chemicals from farms, mines and industries
Wasting resources e.g. leaving lights on
Not planting young trees
Using machinery that wastes resources
Not controlling the rate which resources are used e.g. over-fishing

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Explain Over-fishing in the oceans:

Overfishing is taking more fish than nature can replace
The practice of commercial and non-commercial fishing depletes the fish population by catching so many adult fish that not enough remains to breed

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What are the CAUSES of over-fishing:

Modern fishing methods and fishing technology
The population world doubled in the last 50 years
Lack of international laws to control the quantity of fish that people may take from the world’s oceans

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What are the EFFECTS of over-fishing

Reduces the amount of food
Affects plants and animals that live in the sea
Leads to unemployment and increased poverty

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-What needs to happen to control fishing methods?



Set international standards for the mesh sizes of nets
Make certain kinds of nets illegal
Prohibit all destructive fishing methods

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What is Overgrazing?

Is when plants are exposed to grazing without time for recovering.

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What CAUSES overgrazing?

need to check book

poor management in agriculture
over-population of wild animals
desertification
invasive species
tragedy of the commons
greed
size of commercial farms

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What are the EFFECTS of overgrazing?

grass is depleted
soil becomes less fertile
nutritious plants replaced by less favourable plants
less infiltration
reduces- productivity and biodiversity of land
dust storms occur
animals starve and die
desertification
people leave the land

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What is a sustainable resource

it is a resources that meets the needs of the present

- without compromising the ability of future generations

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How do we help preserve our resources?

we should:

use renewable resources e.g. wind and solar energy
use resources that cause less harm to the environment
cut back on the amount of natural resource, therefore we have to reduce, reuse and recycle

What is an unsustainable resource?

use of resources threatens the availability of resources in the future
and also the quality of the resources in the present

What is some evidence of unsustainable use of resources?

soil erosion and desertification
deforestation
reduction of mineral resources
extinction of animal species
water and air pollution

Who or what is Greenpeace?

is an organization that:

sets out to protect and preserve our oceans
set aside parts of the oceans from exploitation and controllable human pressure

Name some ways resources may be used Sustainably?

Prevent over-fishing

- Prevent over-grazing of land

How can one prevent over-fishing?

fishing quotas ( a maximum quantity that is allowed)
suspension
end of subsidies
consumer awareness

Name two Organisations that promote public awareness for over-fishing:

1.South African sustainable seafood initiative (SASSI)

- 2.Greenpeace

What are SASSI’s three main aims?

promote voluntary compliance of the law through education and awareness
shift consumer demand
create awareness around marine conservation

How can one prevent over-grazing of land (or promote sustainable land use for grazing?

- rotational grazing - strip grazing - providing fodder

The role of consumers, individuals, business and government: | What is carbon footprint?

- is a measure of the effect our activities have on the environment - amount of greenhouse gases produced in our day-to-day lives

What are some tips for CONSUMERS on reducing carbon footprint?

- turn off the lights - energy savings light bulbs - use alternative forms of energy (solar energy) - walk, cycle or use public transport - buy local produced goods - recycle plastic, paper, tins and glass

What can BUSINESSES do to reduce their carbon footprint and save resources:

- minimize paper waste - maximize the use of email - recycle

What are some examples of burning fossil fuels?

- Heating | - Transportation

What is Food security?

exists when all people have access to -sufficient -safe -nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life at all times

Food security is built on these three concepts:

- Food availability - Food access and having enough resources - Food use: knowledge about preparing balanced meals and know hygiene

Food insecurity exists when people?

- are undernourished - cannot access adequate food - do not use or prepare proper food

Food security in South Africa

- 1. SA has extreme high level of absolute poverty | - 2. The two worst-affected areas are KZN and Eastern Cape

School feeding schemes, the national nutrition programme aims to:

- 1) Enhancing children’s active learning capacity - 2) Alleviating short-term hunger - 3) Providing an incentive for children to attend school regularly

What is the role of science and technology in food production factory farming:

- is a process of raising livestock. e.g. chickens and cattle at a high density (read page 86 notes)

What is the Genetic modification of crops (GM)?

- is a scientific method that changes the way plants and animals grow and develop

Name the most cultivated gentrified crops

- 1) Soybean - 2) Maize - 3) Cotton - 4) Canola

What is the main reason for genetically modifying crops?

- to create insect resistance | - to create crops that can tolerate being sprayed with pesticides and herbicides

What is appropriate technology in Sustainable farming?

- is simple, inexpensive technology that doesn’t replace people - is a small scale technology - uses skills and technology that is available in a community to supply basic needs e.g. electricity, water, food and waste disposal

What does appropriate technologies and farming techniques do? or what are the advantages of them?

- satisfy human food and fibre needs - use of non-renewable resources - sustain economic profitability - improve the quality of life for farmers

Sustainable farming is NOT...?

- 1) arming with large inputs of chemical fertilizers, herbicides and pesticide - 2) Over-grazing that leads to soil erosion - 3) Making as much profit as possible without caring for the future - 4) Wasting scarce resources, such as water - 5) Farming without caring for the environment

What are Sustainable farming techniques?

- Crop rotation - Cover crops are planted when the land is not being used (soil management) - Soil enrichment (adding natural fertilizers) - Natural pest predators