Term 4 Exam Flashcards
1.
What is First Aid ?
FIRST AID IS THE STEPS TAKEN TO HELP an someone in the first minutes after an illness or injury.
What does DRSABCD Stand for
Danger
Response
Send help
Airway
Breathing
Compressions
Defib
What do You do in danger
DANGER – ENSURE THE AREA IS SAFE TO YOURSELF, OTHERS AND PATIENTS
What do you do in the response stage ?
RESPONSE – CHECK FOR RESPONSE AND SEEK PERMISSION
When checking for a response we use the following acronym
C – Can you hear me?
O – Open your eyes
W – What’s your name?
S - Squeeze my hand
What do you do in the Send for Help stage ?
SEND FOR HELP – RING 000
If you are alone, you will need to ring for help by yourself. If there is someone in the area or with you, get them to call 000 to make it easier to continue with the assessment.
What do you do in the airway stage
AIRWAY – OPEN MOUTH & CHECK FOR FOREIGN MATERIAL
Open their mouth to see if anything is blocking their airway. If you see foreign material, you will need to place the casualty in the recovery position and scoop out the foreign material
What do you do in the Breathing stage
BREATHING – CHECK FOR BREATHING
When we check for breathing the casualty is then laid back on their back. We will
Look – look to see if their chest is rising and falling
Listen - Listen for the sound of a breath
Feel – Feel if there is air escaping from their mouth or nose
What do you do in the Compression stage
CPR – 30 compressions – 2 breaths.
When completing CPR on an adult you must place the heel of your hand into the casualty’s sternum – bone at the middle of ribs. You will need to apply a significant amount of force as you need to make sure that your compressions are 1/3 of the chest’s depth. When doing the breaths you must use the pistol grip to tilt the head and make sure that you are breathing into their mouth.
What do you do in the Defibrillation stage
DEFIB - APPLY DEFIBRILLATOR
A defibrillator will tell you all the steps once you turn it on.
What are the 5 s’s of sun safety
slip
slap
seek
slip
slop
When do you use the recovery position
The recovery position is used when someone is conscious and breathing.
It is important to but a person into the recovery position and wait for the ambulance to arrive
What are the 3 types of sun cancers
There are three types of skin cancer
BCC – Basal Cell Carcinoma
SCC – Squamous cell carcinoma
Melanoma -deadliest
What is the treatment for sunburn
When someone is sunburnt you should
Put on a light shirt/light clothing and remove them from the sun
Make sure they are hydrated by drinking water
You can put cold water or a cold cloth on it to relieve soreness and burning sensation
Apply calamine lotion or an after product to soothe the sunburn
If blistering occurs you may want to seek medical advice.
What is heat exhaustion
Heat exhaustion is the body’s response to an excessive loss of water and/or salt contained in sweat. It results from exposure to high heat or strenuous physical exercise.
What to do if you or someone you know is showing the signs ofheat exhaustion:
stop what you are doing, go to a cool, shaded place and lie down with legs supported and slightly lifted
slowly sip plenty of water or fruit juice, avoiding caffeine and alcohol
cool down with a fan or an air-conditioner, cool water sprayed on skin or by having a cool shower or bath
reduce body temperature by placing cool packs under the armpits, groin, or neck
use massage to ease spasms or cramps, then use ice packs.
What is heatstroke
Heatstroke is a severe illness where a person’s temperature is greater than 40°C, resulting from exposure to high heat or strenuous physical exercise.
How to treat heat stroke
While waiting for the ambulance to arrive:
move the person to somewhere cool and keep them still if possible
do not give aspirin or paracetamol to a person affected by heat
If the person is conscious:
move them to a cool area and keep them still
give them small sips of fluid
bring their temperature down using any method available
loosen their clothes, sprinkle them with cool water, or wrap them in a damp sheet
place cool, damp cloths in their armpits, on the back of their neck and on their forehead to cool them down as quickly as possible
use a fan to help cool them down if one is available
do not give them aspirin or paracetamol
What is RICER
RICER is the management technique used to treat soft tissue injuries.
R - Rest
I - Ice
C - Compress
E - Elevate
R - Referall
When making the phone call you need to use the 4 P’s
Position – where you are located
People – How many people are involved?
Problem – List the problem or problems
Progress – What treatment has been completed so far/is being completed and what is needed e.g. defibrilator
How to treat Bee Stings, wasp bites, ant bites, centipede stings
Remove the sting by sliding it out (if there is not sting move to step 2)
Wash the area
Apply a cold pack to reduce the swelling.
Watch for signs of anaphylaxis and treat according.
How to treat tick bites
Remove the tick
Can apply a cold pack to reduce swelling
Watch for signs of further concern like a fever, dizziness, vomiting and seek medical help if this occurs.
How to treat Snake Bites and Funnel Web Spider Bites
Follow DRSABCD
Call triple 000 and ask for an ambulance
Lie the person down and ask them to keep and reassure them
Remove jewellery from limbs
If the bite of sting is on a limb apply a pressure immobilisation bandage beginning at the base of the limb and working upwards i.e. foot then working way up the leg. If possible, mark the site of the sting with an X.
Immobilise the bandaged area using a splint.
Keep the person as still as possible. Continue to reassure/check the casualty until help arrives.
If you have a pen, write down the time of the bite, what the snake looked like and any other details as it is helpful to hospital staff.
How to treat Blue Ringed Octopus, Cone Shell and box jellyfish stings
Seek immediate medical help - call 000 for an ambulance.
You may need to commence CPR. Even if your efforts seem futile, continue CPR until medical help arrives.
Apply pressure bandaging and use a splint to immobilise the limb.
Watch the casualty and reassure.
