Term 4 Flashcards
Name all the spheres of earth
Biosphere
Lithosphere
Atmosphere
Hydrosphere
Biosphere
Most animals and plants live and grow on the surface of the earth
Atmosphere
Birds fly through the air and plants and animals depend on air from the atmosphere to live
Hydrosphere
Living plants and animals need water
Some plants and animals live in water
Lithosphere
Solid rock and soil
What the 4 layers earth consists of
Earth’s crust and upper part of the mantle
Mantle
Outer core(semi-solid)
Inner core (solid and extremely hot)
What does the lithosphere consist of
The earth’s crust and upper layer of the mantle
What does soil consist of
A mixture of weathered rocks and minerals
Organic matter from plants and animal waste
What are the 3 types of rocks
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
What is igneous rock with examples and its properties
Rock that forms when magma cools down quickly
Examples: Basalt and Granite
Properties :
Crystalline and it is very hard to break
Sedimentary rocks
Rock that forms through sediment particles that are deposited by water,wind or ice. It is formed through compression
Properties
Found in layers and often contains fossils
Metamorphic rocks
Rock that was igneous or sedimentary at first but was form due to intense heat or pressure
Properties
Crystalline and compressed structure
Examples of igneous rock
Basalt
Granite
Examples of sedimentary rock
Sandstone,mudstone and limestone
Examples of metamorphic rocks
Marble and Slate
Name the symbol and ore for gold
Au = element
What is the symbol and ore for copper
Cu = copper pyrite
Symbol and ore for tin
Sn= Cassiterite
Symbol and ore for iron
Fe=magnetite or haematite
Symbol and ore for Zinc
Zn= Zinc blends or sphalerite
Symbol and ore for aluminium
Al=Bauxite
What is a mineral
A natural solid with a definite chemical composition which occurs as crystals
Ore
A rock with high concentrates of valuable minerals
What are the 2 types of mining
Open cast mines and deep level mines
What is the atmosphere
A layer of gases surrounding earth held in position by the earth’s gravitational force
Troposphere temp and height and 1 fact
25 to -58 degrees Celsius
0-10km
Maintains life and weather systems and it is the densest
Stratosphere temp and height and 1 fact
-58 to 0 degrees Celsius
10 to 50 km
It contains the ozone layer
Mesosphere temp and height and 1 fact
0 to -95 degrees Celsius
50 to 80 km
It is the coldest part if the atmosphere
Thermosphere temp and height and 1 fact
-95 to 1000 degrees Celsius
80 to 350 km
Exosphere
This is in space over 350km and this is where the international space station is at approximately 370 km
