TERM 3- MY NOTES MENTAL HEALTH NURSING CARE CH.1 "UNDERSTANDING MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL ILLNESS"

Question 1

Mental Health

Answer 1

,

Question 2

In general, there are seven important characteristics of mental health, and they are Mentally healthy people: 
• Interpret reality accurately 
• Have a healthy self-concept 
• Are able to relate to others 
• Achieve a sense of meaning in life 
• Demonstrate creativity/productivity 
• Have control over their behavior 
• Adapt to change and conflict

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The ability to accurately determine reality (what really is or exists) is a basic component of mental health.
A)true
B)false

Answer 3

A

Question 4

A healthy self-concept includes first a realistic appraisal of the self (abilities, function, and appearance).
A)true
B)false

Answer 4

A

Question 5

Insight, or self-under-standing, is an important part of relating to oneself, because it allows people to see their own motivations or reasons behind their feelings and behavior.
A)true
B)false

Answer 5

A

Question 6

A person who lacks insight might refuse to take a medication because it causes his mouth to be dry.
A)true
B)false

Answer 6

A

Question 7

With insight, a person could decide that even though he does not like to take the medication, it helps his mental illness, so he will take it.
A)true
B)false

Answer 7

A

Question 8

Insight is critical for positive decision making about health issues.
A)true
B)false

Answer 8

A

Question 9

Love is the most imporrant human emotion.
A)true
B)false

Answer 9

A

Question 10

Normal human development is not possible in isolation
A)true
B)false

Answer 10

A

Question 11

People must be able to interact with and relate to others in order to flourish.
A)true
B)false

Answer 11

A

Question 12

Many people find a sense of meaning in the world through religion. Many others find meaning in nature, philosophy, ethics, or service to others.
A)true
B)false

Answer 12

A

Question 13

Some people think concretely, meaning literally or without creativity. For example, a concrete thinker may say that the proverb “A stitch in time saves nine” means that if you sew something up in time you will save nine stitches.

A more abstract thinker might say it means that if you put a little bit of work into solving a problem early, you will save a lot of trouble in the long term.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Another aspect of healthy creativity is a sense of productivity or contribution.
A)true
B)false

Answer 14

A

Question 15

Control of behavior means that mentally healthy people can balance conflicts with their instincts, conscience, and reality before they act.
A)true
B)false

Answer 15

A

Question 16

The healrhiesr people have the integrity to act on their values
A)true
B)false

Answer 16

A

Question 17

Adaptability is critical to success as a person. The one consistent thing around us is that everything is changing. Healthy people can compromise, plan, and be flexible. They can manage conflict successfully. Learning to change is not easy, but if people are healthy, they will manage it.
A)true
B)false

Answer 17

A

Question 18

Mental health is really a range of behavior, thoughts, and feelings; it is a relative state instead of an absolute state.
A)true
B)false

Answer 18

A

Question 19

People with chronic physical illnesses such as diabetes or heart disease can still be healthy (within the limits of their abilities) if they choose healthy behaviors and participate in treatment
A)true
B)false

Answer 19

A

Question 20

Just as a person with a physical illness can be relatively healthy, people with mental illnesses can take their medications, choose healthy behaviors within their abilities, and be healthier also.
A)true
B)false

Answer 20

A

Question 21

Mental Disorders

Answer 21

,

Question 22

Mental disorders are illnesses with symptoms related to thinking, feeling, or behavior. They are due to genetic, biological, social, chemical, or psychological influences.
A)true
B)false

Answer 22

A

Question 23

Much research has been done on mental disorders. The definitive source for psychiatrists and other physicians to use for the diagnostic criteria for mental disorders is the DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS ( DSM)
A)true
B)false

Answer 23

A

Question 24

People are not defined by their illnesses. A person wit a disease is just that, a person first, not a diabetic, or a schizophrenic, or “the appendectomy in room 213.”
A)true
B)false

Answer 24

A

Question 25

The following is the DSM’s five-axis diagnosis system:
Axis I: Clinical Psychiatric Disorders
Axis II: Personality Disorders or Mental Retardation
Axis III: General Medical Conditions
Axis IV: Psychosocial and Environmental Problems
Axis V: Global Assessment of Functioning

Answer 25

True

Question 26

CASE EXAMPLE
A 50-year-old male client with a history of major depressive disorder was admitted to the hospital after he told his psychiatrist he was thinking of hurting himself. His wife left him 2 months ago and he lost his job about a month after because he was too depressed to go to work regularly. He has hypertension. He has no close friends. Our client’s multiaxial diagnostic statement would be:

Axis 1: Major Depressive Disorder
Axis II: None
Axis Ill: Hypertension
Axis IV: Separation from spouse, loss of job
Axis V: SO (serious symptoms) on Global Assessment of Functioning Scale

Answer 26

True

Question 27

The client’s mental and physical diseases, life stressors, and the effects on the person’s ability to function are valuable data for planning client care.
A)true
B)false

Answer 27

A

Question 28

Nurses concentrate more on how people are affected by these disorders.
A)true
B)false

Answer 28

A

Question 29

Major depressive disorder is the leading cause of disability in developed countries.
A)true
B)false

Answer 29

A

Question 30

CULTURAL PULSE POINTS

Answer 30

,

Question 31

European American is the dominant culture in the United States.
A)true
B)false

Answer 31

A

Question 32

Cultural Factors Related to the Environment and Client Functioning

Answer 32

,

Question 33

for example, in a culture where mental illness has a severe stigma that extends to the entire family (some people may not want to marry into such a family), a client may feel a burden of guilt for affecting the whole family.
A)true
B)false

Answer 33

A

Question 34

Cultural Explanations of the Client’s Illness

Answer 34

,

Question 35

Amok is a dissociative episode.
The client may have a period of brooding and feel persecuted, followed by violent behavior directed at people or objects. The client may not remember the episode and will return to usual functioning afterward.

Amok was originally described in Malaysia. A similar condition with different names is found in the Philippines, Laos, Polynesia, and among the Navajo.

Answer 35

True

Question 36

Bilis, colera, or muina results in symptoms of acute nervous tension, headache, trembling, screaming, stomach disturbances, and possibly loss of consciousness caused by strongly experienced anger or rage

Anger is viewed among many Latino groups as a very powerful emotion that can have direct effects on the body. The major effect of anger is to disrupt the body’s balance (between the material and spiritual or hot and cold aspects of a person).

Answer 36

True

Question 37

Mal de ojo is a concept widely found in Mediterranean cultures and elsewhere in the world. This Spanish phrase means “evil eye” in English. Symptoms include restless sleep, crying without apparent cause, diarrhea, vomiting, and a fever in a child or infant. Children are at higher risk, but adults (especially females) can have the condition.

Answer 37

True

Question 38

Nervios is an expression of distress among Latinos in the United States and Latin America. Several other ethnic groups have similar ideas about”nerves.” It refers to a generaI state of vulnerability to stressful life experiences and to a range of symptoms of emotional distress brought on by difficult circumstances.

Common symptoms include headaches that the client may describe as “brain aches,” irritability, difficulty sleeping, easy tearfulness, stomach disturbances, trembling, and difficulty concentrating. Nervios tends to be an ongoing problem that has a wide range of expressions

Answer 38

True

Question 39

Five Most Common Mental Disorders in the World

Answer 39

,

Question 40

• Major depressive disorder
• Alcohol abuse
• Schizophrenia
• Self-inflicted injuries
• Bipolar disorder

Answer 40

True

Question 41

Key Facts About the Incidence of Mental Illness in the United States

Answer 41

,

Question 42

(about 1 in every 4 adults) will be affected by a mental disorder.
A)true
B)false

Answer 42

A

Question 43

Mental illness is the leading cause of disability in the United States and Canada for ages 15-44
A)true
B)false

Answer 43

A

Question 44

Most private medical insurance either does not cover mental illness treatment or covers it at a lower level than general medical illness
A)true
B)false

Answer 44

A

Question 45

Stigma of Mental Illness

Answer 45

,

Question 46

Simply talking about mental illness often causes people to laugh nervously because mental illness has a stigma, or “mark of disgrace,” in our culture.
A)true
B)false

Answer 46

A

Question 47

People can feel so ashamed of having a mental illness that they refuse to seek treatment
A)true
B)false

Answer 47

A

Question 48

Even physicians sometimes hesitate to give their clients the diagnosis of a mental disorder for fear that the clients will be “labeled” and created badly as a result.
A)true
B)false

Answer 48

A

Question 49

Nurses can take the lead by basing their practice on evidence, not assumptions or stereotypes.
A)true
B)false

Answer 49

A

Question 50

Historical Perspectives

Answer 50

,

Question 51

Mental illness came before psychiatrists and mental health nurses.
A)true
B)false

Answer 51

A

Question 52

In the earliest of recorded times, mental illness was thought to be due to supernatural forces. Mentally ill people were created as though they were affected by either demons or divine influences.
A)true
B)false

Answer 52

A

Question 53

In his “theory of disease” Hippocrates (460-375 B.C.) described the body “humors”: blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile. He believed that melancholia (depression) was caused by an excess of black bile. He also thought that bloodletting could relieve this excess
A)true
B)false

Answer 53

A

Question 54

In Europe in the Middle Ages and during the Renaissance (when art and science, but not treatment for the mentally ill, flourished) it was thought that people with mental illness were affected by the moon (the term lunatic comes from the Larin word for moon)
A)true
B)false

Answer 54

A

Question 55

French physician Phillippe Pinel starred “moral treatment” of the mentally ill. He released people from their chains and took a psychological treatment approach. He ordered that the basic needs for food and clothing of people with mental disorders be met
A)true
B)false

Answer 55

A

Question 56

William Tukes applied the same ideas in England. He established the concept of the asylum, which was to be a safe haven for people who had been whipped, beaten, and starved because they were mentally ill.
A)true
B)false

Answer 56

A

Question 57

The Quakers (Friends) in the United States applied the tenets of the Quaker faith to the care of mentally ill people. They believed that treating people with kindness in a pleasant environment could bring recovery. 
A)true
B)false

Answer 57

A

Question 58

The Quaker philosophy formed the foundation for milieu therapy (in which the environment is considered parr of rhe therapy), which is still used today
A)true
B)false

Answer 58

A

Question 59

In the early l9th century, schoolteacher Dorothea Dix became aware of the horrible conditions of the mentally ill in the United States when she volunteered to reach Sunday school at the East Cambridge jail in Massachusetts.

Her efforts eventually resulted in the establishment of hospitals in the United States, Canada, Scotland, and Japan

A)true
B)false

Answer 59

A

Question 60

In 1882 the McLean Asylum in Somerville, Massachusetts, opened the first training school in the world for mental health nurses. The plan was to “medicalize the care of the insane.” They called their inmates “patients” and the attendants “nurses”.
A)true
B)false

Answer 60

A

Question 61

In the 1930s somatic therapies (physical therapies) were becoming popular. These therapies included deep sleep (coma) therapy, insulin shock, and electroshock therapy.
A)true
B)false

Answer 61

A

Question 62

In 1946, the United Stares Congress passed the National Mental Health Act, establishing the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). This act provided federal funding for research and education in all areas of psychiatric care. Graduate education programs for mental health nurse specialists were established as a result of this act
A)true
B)false

Answer 62

A

Question 63

A revolution in psychiatric care occurred in the 1950s with the invention of psychotropic drugs (drugs that treat mental illness). Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) and lithium were the first to be widely used. Over the next decade, drugs were developed to treat anxiety and depression.
A)true
B)false

Answer 63

A

Question 64

Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) and lithium were the first drugs to be widely used for depression and anxiety
A)true
B)false

Answer 64

A

Question 65

psychosis means (loss of realistic thinking)
A)true
B)false

Answer 65

A

Question 66

Deinstintionalization of clients began in the 1950s. In this movement, people were discharged from psychiatric institutions and then the institutions were closed. Approximately 92% of the people who would have been living in public psychiatric hospitals in 1955 were not there in 1994.
A)true
B)false

Answer 66

A

Question 67

Two ideas were behind this movement:

1. People should be treated in the lease restrictive environment possible.
2. It is cheaper to treat people in the community than in a state hospital.

Answer 67

True for deinsitulition

Question 68

Unforrunarely, the result of this giant social experiment is that 2.2 million severely mentally ill people in the United States do not receive any psychiatric treatment
A)true
B)false

Answer 68

A

Question 69

There is housing discrimination and lack of insurance coverage due to insurance discrimination. Mental illness is often not covered as well as physical illness by medical insurance.
A)true
B)false

Answer 69

A

Question 70

The 1990s were declared to be “the decade of the brain.” Research developed new diagnostic studies and new drugs for mental illnesses.
A)true
B)false

Answer 70

A

Question 71

Healthy People 2010 Mental Health Objectives

Answer 71

,

Question 72

• Reduce suicides
• Reduce the proportion of homeless adults who have serious mental illness
• Reduce the relapse rate for persons with eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa

Answer 72

True

Question 73

Nurses’ Role in Mental Health Promotion

Answer 73

M

Question 74

The first seep in prevencion of mental illness is to recognize what the risk factors are and work to minimize them. Some facrors, such as biological predisposition, cannot be changed. Others, such as inadequate resources or lack of knowledge, are modifiable risks.
A)true
B)false

Answer 74

A

Question 75

PREVENTION

Answer 75

,

Question 76

Primary prevention starts with healthy people and prevents them from being affecced by a disorder.
An example is drug abuse education with children. They learn to avoid drug use before they ever have a problem.
A)true
B)false

Answer 76

A

Question 77

Secondary prevention involves people who are already affected by a disorder. They are identified and treated early to prevent the negative outcomes of the disorder.

An example is depression screening, when people are tested and cases of depression are identified early, before the people have experienced loss of jobs, despair, or even attempted suicide.

A)true
B)false

Answer 77

A

Question 78

Tertiary prevention serves people who are already severely affected by a mental disorder. The goal is to help them recover and prevent further disability.

An example of tertiary prevention is a community walk-in clinic where people with schizophrenia can come to learn socializing, independent living, and medication management skills that will help them stay out of institutions and in their homes.
A)true
B)false

Answer 78

A

Question 79

Nurses’ Role in Mental Health Promotion

Answer 79

,

Question 80

• Prevention :of mental illness (primary, secondary, and tertiary)
• Treatment :in the acute phase of illness
• Rehabilitation :of clients after they have recovered from the acute phase of illness

Answer 80

True

Question 81

Nurses’ Role in Mental Health Promotion
• Prevention
• Treatment
• Rehabilitation

Answer 81

True

Question 82

Vulnerability of the Mentally Ill

Answer 82

,

Question 83

People with mental illnesses are among the most vulnerable in our society. They are often too severely affected by their disease processes to be able to speak effectively for themselves. The disheveled homeless person stirs less sympathy from charitable contributors than children or even homeless animals
A)true
B)false

Answer 83

A

Question 84

clinical ALERT
One of the most important roles of nurses in mental health care is client advocacy. Mentally ill people are very vulnerable and often have difficulty speaking for themselves.
A)true
B)false

Answer 84

A

Question 85

The National Alliance for the Menrally Ill (NAMI) is a strong, yet underfunded organization that acts as an advocate for people with mental illness and their families.
A)true
B)false

Answer 85

A

Question 86

Consumers: rather than client or patient, is the term used ro describe a person in the community who uses mental health services.
A)true
B)false

Answer 86

A

Question 87

There are more charitable donations to benefit
homeless animals than for homeless people
A)true
B)false

Answer 87

A

Question 88

Educating adolescents about avoiding drug abuse is a primary prevention strategy for mental illness.
A)true
B)false

Answer 88

A

Question 89

KEY TERMS

Answer 89

,

Question 90

Adaptability means ability to compromise, plan, and be flexible
A)true
B)false

Answer 90

A

Question 91

Deinsitutionalization means the movement to discharge people from psychiatric institutions to treat them in the community
A)true
B)false

Answer 91

A

Question 92

Insight means self-understanding
A)true
B)false

Answer 92

A

Question 93

Psychotropic drugs are drugs that affect thinking and treat mental illness
A)true
B)false

Answer 93

A

Question 94

Reality means what really is or exists
A)true
B)false

Answer 94

A

Question 95

Psychosis means disorganization of the personality and impaired ability to interpret reality; to relate to self and others and to function; may include hallucinations and delusional thinking
A)true
B)false

Answer 95

A

Question 96

Somatic therapies involves the body such as electroshock therapy
A)true
B)false

Answer 96

A

Question 97

Stigma means mark of disgrace
A)true
B)false

Answer 97

A

Question 98

KEY Points

Answer 98

,

Question 99

-Mental disorders are classified; people are not.
• Deinstitutionalization of the mentally ill resulted in many homeless and untreated mentally ill people.
• The stigma of mental illness prevents many people from obtaining the treatment they need.
• Nurses can promote the mental health of clients in any setting.
• The mentally ill are a very vulnerable group.
• Asking for a mental health consultation is an important act of client advocacy by a nurse.

Answer 99

True

Question 100

NCLEX PREP

Answer 100

,

Question 101

Which of the following statements indicates that the speaker is missing an important aspect of a mentally healthy life?

1. “I am responsible for my reactions to situations; others have no control over my emotions.”
2. “My goal in life is to always treat other people as I want to be treated.”
3. “I am self-sufficient; I do not need personal relationships with other people.”
4. “I see each problem as a challenge and a source of creative growth.”

Answer 101

3

Question 102

Which of the following is a false statement about mental health?
1. There are degrees of mental health.
2. There is no universally accepted definition of mental health.
3. All people have the potential for improving their own mental health.
4 . A person with a diagnosed mental illness may not achieve a mentally healthier state

Answer 102

4

Question 103

Which of the following is a true statement about the current edition of the DSM?

1. It provides a holistic assessment of mental illness.
2. It is specific to mental health issues in the United States.
3. It is a classification of people with mental disorders.
4. It takes into consideration only clinical psychiatric and personality disorders.

Answer 103

1

Question 104

According to the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale, a 40-year-old male with an antisocial personality disorder who has difficulty maintaining close personal relationships or holding a job for long is experiencing:
1. Minimal symptoms, good functioning in all areas.
2. Moderate symptoms or moderate difficulty in social,
occupational, or school functioning.
3. Some mild symptoms, but generally functioning pretty well.
4. Serious symptoms or serious impairment in social, occupational, or school functioning

Answer 104

2

Question 105

Which of the following is the most common mental illness globally?

1. Alcohol abuse
2. Schizophrenia
3. Major depressive disorder
4. Bipolar disorder

Answer 105

3

Question 106

A homeless person with schizophrenia has been admitted to a medical unit with pneumonia. The nurse would suspect that this client’s living circumstance is a result of:

1. The experiment with deinstitutionalization.
2. Failure of psychotropic drugs to control the
   symptoms.
3. Not enough federal funding for housing.
4. The client not caring enough to obtain treatment.

Answer 106

1

Question 107

Recommending that a client with schizophrenia be referred for a psychiatric consult to be considered for the
community walk-in clinic and treatment program is an example of:
1. Primary prevention.
2. Secondary prevention.
3. Tertiary prevention.
4. Active intervention.

Answer 107

3

Question 108

Why do people with a mental illness need the advocacy of nurses?

1. They are not very articulate.
2. They often cannot speak for themselves because of their illness.
3. They really do not understand their healthcare needs.
4. They are afraid to speak.

Answer 108

2

Question 109

Where can families of people with mental illnesses go to find out about the illnesses and family support services?

1. National Alliance for the Mentally Ill
2. National Foundation for Mental Science
3. American Family Help Plan
4. Centers for Disease Control

Answer 109

1

Question 110

Which of the following risk factors for the development of mental illness could be modified by the nurse as part of primary prevention? (Select all that apply.)

1. Lack of information about treatment options
2. Inadequate rest and sleep
3. Unhealthy self-concept
4. Genetic predisposition to mental illness
5. Inadequate coping skills

Answer 110

1 2 3 5

Question 111

The mentally healthy person realizes the need for relationships with others. maximum mental health ca not be archived in isolation
A)true
B)false

Answer 111

A

Question 112

With medication and healthier behavior choices, the person with a chronic mental illness may become mentally healthier
A)true
B)false

Answer 112

A

Question 113

DSM-4-TR takes into account psychiatric disorders, general medical conditions, and psychosocial and environmental problems as well as the global assessment. This provides a basis for holistic assessment of mental illness
A)true
B)false

Answer 113

A

Question 114

DSM-4-TR provides a basis for holistic assessment of mental illness
A)true
B)false

Answer 114

A

Question 115

The failed experiment is discharging clients from psychiatric institutions or deinstitutionalzations resulted in homeless for many people. With mental disorders
A)true
B)false

Answer 115

A

Question 116

Tertiary prevention involves rehabilitation after the resolution of the acute phase of the disease for those clients. The goal is to prevent further disability
A)true
B)false

Answer 116

A

Question 117

Primary prevention begins with preventing mentally healthy people from being affected.
A)true
B)false

Answer 117

A

Question 118

Secondary prevention involves identifying and treating people already affected by a mental disorder to prevent negative outcomes
A)true
B)false

Answer 118

A

Question 119

Active intervention is not an acceptable psychiatric nursing term for mental health promotion
A)true
B)false

Answer 119

A

Question 120

People with mental illness often cannot speak For themselves because of their illness. They may be out of touch with reality, depressed or otherwise unable to speak about their needs
A)true
B)false

Answer 120

A

Question 121

Education about treatment options And the need for adequate rest and sleep would be important nursing interventions for a client with these risk factors
A)true
B)false

Answer 121

A

Question 122

Promoting healthy coping behaviors and encouraging a healthy self-concept Are other ways the nurse can help with modifications of risk factors.
A)true
B)false

Answer 122

A

Question 123

The nurse has no influence over genetic predisposition to mental illness
A)true
B)false

Answer 123

A

Question 124

Which of the following factors most influence definitions of mental illness and mental health and must be taken into consideration when developing a nursing care plan for a client?

A)Cultural and societal attitudes and expectations.
B)false

Answer 124

A

Question 125

Which of the following statements by a client indicate that he or she has insight?

A)”The medication makes me gain weight, but I take it to even my moods.”
B)false

Answer 125

A

Question 126

While reviewing the charts of assigned clients with physical illness as well as mental illness, you notice that the psychiatrist has listed the five axes of the current diagnostic and statistical manual published by the American Psychiatric Association and has filled in information on each axis. Which axis would you find the general medical conditions listed?

A)Axis III
B)Axis II

Answer 126

A

Question 127

Nurses in all settings need to prepare themselves to care for people with depression mainly for which of the following reasons?

A)Depression is the leading cause of disability in developed countries.
B)false

Answer 127

A

Question 128

The school nurse is wondering why parents of a child who has symptoms of a mental disorder refuse to take the child to a psychiatrist, a psychologist, or a psychiatric clinical nurse specialist. Which of the following reasons is most likely for the parent’s refusal, and suggests the parents need the nurse to provide some education?

A)The stigma of mental illness causes the parents to be resistant.
B)false

Answer 128

A

Question 129

In order to understand attitudes toward mental illness, it is important for nurses to understand the historical perspectives that have evolved in recognizing and treating mental illnesses. In the middle ages and the Renaissance Period of time, people with mental illness were treated in which of the following ways?

A)Treated as evil, restrained, beaten, and poorly fed and clothed
B)false

Answer 129

A

Question 130

The nurse manager on the medical unit has just finished making the client care assignments. One of the nurses begins to complain that she has been assigned a “crazy, whacked out” person who tried to commit suicide last night and she does not want to take care of any clients who are “bonkers” or “psycho.” Which of the following responses would be most appropriate response by a nurse peer?

A)Talk with the nurse about the stigma of mental illness
B)false

Answer 130

A

Question 131

The parent of a young adult with a diagnosis of schizophrenia asks the nurse why the state mental hospitals don’t take care of the mentally ill like they did in the 1950s and earlier. The nurse explains the failure of deinstitutionalization in treating clients with mental illnesses by moving them out of the hospital and into the community. This experiment resulted in the establishment of current admissions criteria. Which of the following reasons was one of the two major reasons behind deinstitutionalization?

A)Society pushed for the “least restrictive setting for treatment” of the mentally ill
B)false

Answer 131

A

Question 132

When the psychiatric nurse and the treatment team carry out which of the following treatment modalities, they are following the model set by the Quakers for treating the mentally ill in the early days of this country?

A)Therapeutic milieu
B)false

Answer 132

A

Question 133

If a nurse is going to assume an active role in mental health promotion in the realm of primary prevention, which of the following activities would be included? Indicate all that apply.

A)Educate children about the dangers of drug abuse.
B)Recognize which clients have obvious risk factors that could predispose them to developing a mental illness

Answer 133

A B

Question 134

UNDERSTANDING MENTAL HEALTHAND MENTAL ILLNESS

Answer 134

,