Term 3 Midterm Flashcards
What is fisheries management?
Made in BCIT definition
Uses science and technology, policy, regulation and legislation, communication and education, etc, in an attempt to protect and/or manipulate fish stocks, their habitats, and their harvest, for specific societal (e.g. harvest, economic, subsistence, political) and conservation (including biodiversity aka ecosystem) objectives.
What are the circumstances for Fisheries Management to have even come to exist?
There are 3
- Nature has the ability to produce a surplus of fish that can be harvested.
- People have to want to, can, and be able to, harvest that resource
- That surplus is limited (so constraints need to be placed on the exploitation of that resource aka fihseries managemnet
fish - Talking about anything in fisheries - fish, whales, seaweed etc
What is a common property or common pool resource?
- A resource owned by the entire populace without restriction of who can use them and how
- Works when the supply is greater than the demand
- These resources tend to subject to significant problems over time
Every got a peice of the pie!
What is the Tragedy of the Commons?
It is a type of social trap, often economic, that involves a conflict over resources between individual interests and the common good
What do the letters FAO Stand for?
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Which country has the greatest fish consumption per capita per annum?
The Maldives (A group of islands south of India)
Define demersal species
Demersal species are species that are bottom dwelling such as haddock, flounder, and cod. Note that the term benthic is almost interchangeable with demersal
Define pelagic species
Pelagic species are open water species such as anchovy, tuna, and mackerel.
What is by-catch?
The capture of non-target fish or other marine animals in fishing gear
What is the shifting baseline syndrome?
- From generation to generation we don’t really recognize how good it was before
- with each new generation, the expectation of varrius ecological conditons shifts
- this mean are understanding of what is standard gets lower and lower
- Ex. Fishereis expert Jo bob records 10 sockeye returning in 2020 which he belives is not so bad compared to last years normal return of 15 sockeye. Next year fishereis expert Bob smith records 5 sockeye returning which he thinks is not to bad compared to what he thinks is the normal return of 10 based on Jo bobs data. Little does he know that his finding are not great becasue he doesn’t realize the actual normal amount of returning sockeye is 15. This continues and gets worse
How does overcapactity happen?
Fishing fleets are larger than necessary to harvst the allowable catch
What happens at the first salmon cerimony?
- The first salmon of the year is escorted into the ceremony
- The first salmon is shared with everyone who attends
- The carcass of the sacred first salmon is returned to the water (including all bones from the consumption)
- The first nations believe that if they uphold respect and honour to the sacred salmon and keep the water clean and healthy, the salmon will always return.
Why do sharks have a hard time recovering?
- They have a slow growth rate so it takes them longer to reach sexual maturity
- Long gestation periods
- Low reproductive rate - only a few pups at a time
Describe the Atlantic Cod Collapse
What are the species of Salmon we saw on the Harrison trip?
- Chinook
- Sockeye
- Chum
- Coho
