Term 3 GI

Question 0

Cholecystitis

Answer 0

Inflammation of gallbladder due to gallstones

Question 1

Cholelithasis

Answer 1

Presence of gallstones in gallbladder

Question 2

Less bile is produced by

Answer 2

Repeated inflammation causes scar tissue which which thickens the walls and lessens contractions

Question 3

Decreased lumin

Answer 3

Leads to ischemia - less blood flow

Question 4

S/S of cholelithlasis and cholecystitis

Answer 4

Indigestion, n/v, RUQ pain (back and shoulder) , fever, jaundice, clay colored stool, dark urine, steatorrhea

Question 5

Interventions of cholelithlasis and cholecystitis

Answer 5

Hydration, analgesic, antibiotic, avoid alcohol/gas foods, low fat diet, monitor s/s

Question 6

Gallbladder surgery

Answer 6

Lithotripsy: vibrates so gallstones pass
Cholecystectomy: removal
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: 3-4incisions

Question 7

Which gallbladder surgery is most dangerous

Answer 7

Cholecystectomy cause it cause cause resp complications

Question 8

T tube

Answer 8

Drains bile

Question 9

Hepatitis stages

Answer 9

Preicteric: flu like symptoms (1-2weeks)
Icteric: jaundice, itching, dark urine

Question 10

Hepatitis A

Answer 10

(Infectious) Fecal oral route

-contaminated food, water, milk, shellfish

Question 11

Hepatitis B&C

Answer 11

(Serum) blood and body fluid route

-contaminated needles

Question 12

Interventions of hepatitis

Answer 12

Hand washing, monitor liver function, don’t take OTC drugs, high calorie/carbs/protein (unless liver isn’t working), hydration, avoid sexual activity, vaccines

Question 13

Cirrhosis

Answer 13

Chronic disease where scar tissue replaces normal functioning liver tissue
(Less bile produced) (from alcohol and hepatitis)

Question 14

S/S of cirrhosis

Answer 14

Headache, n/v, anorexia, jaundice, abdominal pain, fatigue, liver enlargement, bleeding disorder, ascites

Question 15

Interventions for cirrhosis

Answer 15

Observe for bleeding, abdominal girth, mental changes, hepatic coma, and restrict fluids and sodium

Question 16

Complications with cirrhosis

Answer 16

Portal hypertension: increased pressure in portal vein
Hepatic coma: high blood ammonia levels
Ascities: accumulation of fluids

Question 17

Pancreatitis

Answer 17

Inflammation of pancreas due to biliary disease, infection, drug toxic, nutritional deficiencies

Question 18

S/S of pancreatitis

Answer 18

Epigastic pain, n/v, low grade fever, jaundice, abdominal pain, weight loss, steatorrhea hypotension

Question 19

Appendicitis

Answer 19

Inflammation of appendix

Question 20

S/S of appendicitis (mcburneys point)

Answer 20

RLQ pain (rebound tenderness), n/v, anorexia, fever, observe for peritonitis

Question 21

Peritonitis

Answer 21

Inflammation of peritoneal by surgery, infection, trauma and bacteria (twisting or rupture of bowel)

Question 22

Crohn’s disease

Answer 22

Inflammation if small bowel (ulcers in intestinal lining - scar tissues - bowel becomes thick and narrow)

Question 23

S/S of Crohn’s disease

Answer 23

Abdominal pain/tenderness, cramping, diarrhea, weight loss, anemia, anorexia, weak, fatigue

Question 24

Ulcerative colitis

Answer 24

(Autoimmune) Chronic ulceration/inflammation of colon and rectum (starts in rectum)

Question 25

S/S of ulcerative colitis

Answer 25

Abdominal pain/cramping, distention, bloody diarrhea, nausea, dehydration, weight loss, anorexia,

Question 26

Peptic ulcers

Answer 26

Ulcer perforation in lining of esophagus, stomach and small intestine (duodenum)

Question 27

Peptic ulcers caused by

Answer 27

H pylori, stress, smoking, caffeine

Question 28

S/S of peptic ulcers

Answer 28

Loss of appetite, weight loss/gain, burning pain, anemia, n/v, dark tarry stools

Question 29

Celiac disease

Answer 29

Gluten sensitive (wheat, barley, rye and oat)

Question 30

S/S of celiac disease

Answer 30

(Dietary control)

Weight loss, weakness, malaise, malnutrition, steatorrhea

Question 31

Lactose intolerance

Answer 31

Not able to digest milk products

• abdominal cramping, loose stool, flatus
• lactaid

Question 32

GERG

Answer 32

Regurgitation of stomach content cause of in-compliant LES

Question 33

Interventions of GERG

Answer 33

Avoid alcohol, smoking and caffeine (stimulates HCI), fatty foods, and eating/drinking before sleep, 6 small meals, elevate hob (2pillows) , low fat diet, restrict fluids with meals

Question 34

Dumping syndrome

Answer 34

Large amounts of material dumped into small intestine, food comes out of stomach too fast - diarrhea

Question 35

Interventions for dumping syndrome

Answer 35

6 small meals, limit fluid with meals and avoid fats and cholesterol

Question 36

Steatorrhea

Answer 36

Indigested Fat in stool (floats)

-seen in gallbladder disease and cystic fibrosis

Question 37

Diarrhea

Answer 37

Irritation of bowel

Increase fluids and monitor electrolyte imbalance

Question 38

S/S peritonitis

Answer 38

Rigid abdomen, absent decrease bowel, elevated temp, n/v

Question 39

Bowel obstructions

Answer 39

Volvulus, intussusception, paralytic

(Rigid abdomen, absent decrease bowel sound and NPO

Question 40

IBS

Answer 40

Chronic inflammation of bowel. Spontaneous spasms of bowel - diarrhea and flatus

Question 41

NG tube

Answer 41

Relieves distention and GI decompression (low intermitted suction) (monitor metabolic alkalosis)

Question 42

Sengstaken blakemore tube

Answer 42

Esophageal varices

Question 43

Liver biopsy

Answer 43

Pressure, observe site, check for bleeding, v/s and hemorrhage

Question 44

Parasentesis

Answer 44

Empty bladder