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NS > Term 3 > Flashcards

Term 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different types of forces

A
  • Field forces, no contact

- Contact forces, direct contact

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2
Q

What are different types of contact forces, explain

A
  • pull, a force that is emitted towards an object
  • push, a force emitted away from an object
  • friction, a force experienced when two objects rub against each other in opposite directions
  • compression, the force that makes something expand when it is let go
  • tension, the force that will make something stink when it is let go after being stretched
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3
Q

What are the different types of field forces

A
  • gravity
  • magnet
  • static
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4
Q

What is to definition of torsion

A

When the force of pull and push are emitted at the same time in opposite direction

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5
Q

What is static

A

Static is generated through a contact force ( friction )

And is different from the rest of the field forces

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6
Q

What is the difference between magnetic and magnetized

A

Magnetic, a metal the is drawn to a magnet

Magnetized, is a magnet… it has a north and South Pole

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7
Q

What are the properties of a magnet

A
  • It has a north and South Pole
  • it has magnetic fields that can never cross or touch
  • opposite poles attract
  • similar poles repel
  • the fields join the poles
  • to become magnetized it has to be made from Cobalt and/or Nickel
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8
Q

On a compass what does the red arrow point to and what does the other point to and what are they

A

The red arrow…
…points to the North Pole which is magnetic south charge
…is charged magnetic north

The other arrow…
… points to the South Pole which is magnetically north charged
…is charged magnetic south

Opposites attract

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9
Q

Who came up with the law of gravity and what is it based on

A

Isaac Newton

  1. Directly related to the mass of an object
  2. Directly related to the distance from the centre of an object
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10
Q

What is weight

A

The amount of gravitational force acting on an object, measured in Newtons (N)

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11
Q

What is mass

A

The amount of partials in an object, it is not a force and is measured in kg, g, tons…

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12
Q

How does someone loose weight

A

They have to loose mass to be able to ‘loose’ weight

So mass effects weight

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13
Q

How many Newtons are in one kg

A

9,8N

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14
Q

What is electricity

A

The flow of electrons

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15
Q

In a circuit what is the red and green flow

A

Red is the conventional flow and it flows from positive to negative

Green is the flow of electrons and it flows from negative to positive

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16
Q

What is the flow of electrons measured as

A

I (current) Amps

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17
Q

What is current

A

I

It is measured in amps

It is the flow of electrons that flow past a specific point per second

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18
Q

What is charge

A

Q

Measured in Coulomb

The amount of electrons in a circuit

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19
Q

What is time

A

t

Seconds

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20
Q

How do I measure coulomb

A

Q=I x t

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21
Q

How do I measure time

A

t = Q -:- I

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22
Q

How do I measure ampér

A 
I = Q -:- t
I = V-:- R
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23
Q

What are volts

A

V

Potential difference

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24
Q

What is resistance

A

R

Ohms (^)

Reduce to flow of electrons

25
Q

How do u calculate resistance

A

R = V -:- I

26
Q

How do u calculate volts

A

V = I x R

27
Q

What can cells voltage also be referred to as

A

EMF ( electro motor force )

28
Q

In a battery he long hand is _________ and the short hand is _________ .

A

Long-positive

Short-negative

29
Q

In South Africa the standard electricity is?

A

220V

30
Q

What is Ohms law

A

When voltage is constant then the current is directly dependable on resistance

31
Q

Is resistance dependent or independent

A

Independent

32
Q

What influences resistance

A

-width
Thinner, more resistance
Thicker, less resistance

-type of material
Copper, great conductor… less resistance
Nichrome, bad conductor… more resistance

-length
Shorter, less resistance
Longer, more resistance

-temperature
Higher… hotter, more resistance
Lower… colder, less resistance

33
Q

What is a volt meter

A

Measures volts

Always connected in parallel

34
Q

What is a ammeter

A

Measures amps

Always connected in series

35
Q

When does everything have the same current/amps

A

In series

36
Q

When does your total resistance have to be smaller than your smallest resistor

A

In parallel

37
Q

What is parallel also known as

A

Current dividers

38
Q

How do u measure the total amps in parallel

A

I T = I 1+ I 2 + I 3

39
Q

How do you measure the total volts in parallel

A

V T = V 1 = V 2 = V 3

40
Q

The more resistors in parallel….

A

… less the total resistance

41
Q

How do u measure the total resistance in parallel

A

1 1 1 1
— = — + — + —
R T R1 R2 R3

42
Q

What do batteries store and what do they do with it

A

They store chemical energy and change it into electrical energy

43
Q

What are the two alternative sources of electricity

A

Mechanical (movement/friction)

Chemical

44
Q

Tell me about Chemical energy

A

It’s solar (panels)
UV trigger the reaction

Cells react with the UV

45
Q

Tell me about mechanical electricity

A

It’s made from movement or friction

➡️ all work with Dynamo / turbine

46
Q

What are the two types of Dynamo / turbine and explain

A
  • Steam
    (Heat)
  • nuclear
    Fission, to split atom, so much energy, creates a lot of heat, boils water almost instantly, turn turbine
    *coal
    Burn to heat water to create steam to turn turbine … non renewable
    *solar heating
    Water tower, mirrors, layer, steam, turbine
  • normal temp
    *wind turbines
    *hydro
    Only water falls, gravity
    *tidal / wave
    Tidal, horizontal… side to side
    Wave, vertical… up, down
47
Q

What is load shedding

A

Demand for electricity is higher than the production so they decide the national grid into smaller sections to share the load by switching some sections on and others off

48
Q

What is a electrical overload

A

Too much electricity

49
Q

What happens when there is too little electricity in the National grid

A

They fix it by load shedding

50
Q

What is fission

A

The splitting of an atom

51
Q

What is fusion

A

Two atoms coming together to make one new atom

52
Q

What is power and how do u calculate it

A

P = V x I

It is watts

53
Q

What is the bigger amount of watts and what are the symbols

A

W

Bigger … kW, kilowatt

54
Q

What do u pay for electricity in

A

kW / Rand

55
Q

When I say it is a 1100W kettle what does that mean

A

It means it uses 1100W an hour

56
Q

How do I convert W to kW

A

1000W = 1kW

57
Q

What are the safety precautions that are required legally

A
  1. Earth circuit breaker
    Breaks current when the current flows too quickly because there is a leakage
  2. Earth wire
    Discharge leaked electrons out of the hours into the earth (ground)
58
Q

What are the 3 calculators

A

V I R
Q I T
P I V

NS (1 decks)

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