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Med Surg Quiz 2 > Term 3 > Flashcards

Term 3 Flashcards

0
Q

(Headache) tension

A

(Functional headaches) Muscle contractions of scalp, facial, cervical and thoracic muscles

  • caused by low o2 in brain
  • keep a headache diary
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1
Q

(Headache) migraine

A

(Blood vessels) cerebral constriction then dilation

-interventions: dark quiet environment

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2
Q

Spinal shock

A 
Temporary condition (days to months) 
-s/s: flaccid paralysis, lack of sensation, hypotension, bradycardia
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3
Q

Autonomic dysreflexia (hyperreflexia)

A

Caused by bladder distention, uti and fecal impaction

- ss: severe headache, hypertension, nasal stiffness, blurred vision and goosebumps

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4
Q

Quadriplegia

A

Paralysis in all 4 extremities

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5
Q

Paraplegia

A

2 or half paralysis to lower extremities

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6
Q

Care for skeletal tractions (halo and tongs)

A

Clean pins with benadin or hydrogen proxcide, don’t touch or adjust pins
-interventions: remain immobile, analgesics, neuro checks, turn q2hrs, bladder control and skin integrity

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7
Q

Cervical injuries

A

High risk for resp arrest

  • higher the injury (crackles, sob, paralysis is increased) ( in resp and thoracic area)
  • immobilized pt: avoid turning/ moving/bending/flexing and rotation of spinal cord it can tear
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8
Q

C1-c7 injury

A

Resp failure to temp ventilator

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9
Q

Status epilepticus seizure

A

Worst: rapid- brain damage- death

- give volume (IM/IV) 100mg to knock out patient

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10
Q

Tonic clonic (grand mal) seizure

A

Big sickness: body stiffens, jerking movements, unconscious, incontinent (last 1-2 min)

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11
Q

Absence (peri mal) seizure

A

Little sickness: brief seizure, no loss or change is conscious movement (common in children)

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12
Q

Post ictal period

A

After seizure: confused, drowsy and quiet

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13
Q

Nursing care for seizure:

A

observation and doc (aura, onset, body parts involved, progression, duration, eye movement, memory loss, weakness, injury and what caused seizure
-safety, turn on side

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14
Q

Expressive aphasia

A

Motor: not able to expressive themselves (reading and speaking)

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15
Q

Receptive aphasia

A

Sensory: can’t understand

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16
Q

Homonymous hemianopsia

A

Lost of visual fields

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17
Q

Hemiplegia

A

Paralysis to arms or legs on same side of body

18
Q

Hemiparesis

A

Weakness on one side of body

19
Q

Dysphasia

A

Difficulty swallowing (45• when feeding)

20
Q

Aphasia

A

Inability or refuse

21
Q

Late signs of ICP

A

(Pushes on hypothalamus and medulla)

-increased temp/ BP, decreased pulse/ resp

22
Q

Glasgow scale

A

Normal : 14-15

Comatose: 1-3

23
Q

Pts more at risk for ICP

A

Brain surgery, tumors, high temp and headaches

24
Q

Ss of Loc

A

Restlessness, confusion, slurred speech, can’t describe who and wheeee they are

25
Q

Epidural hematoma

A

Talk and drop

Arterial blood collects rapidly and may lead to death

26
Q

Subdural hemotoma

A

Creeps up
Venous hematoma formation slow
- teaching: don’t fall asleep, monitor changes (confusion, slurred speech, drowsiness and poor responses)

27
Q

ICP and internal damage ss

A

Leaking of spinal fluid from nose and ears

28
Q

Concussion

A

Mild brain injury

29
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Chronic degenerative disease , small patches of demyelination resulting in muscle weakness with exacerbations and remission

30
Q

Ss of MS

A

Numbness, tingling, weak, loss of muscle tone, fatigue, vertigo, slurred speech and dysphasia

31
Q

Interventions for MS

A

Prevent complications, maintain independence, high calorie/vitamin/protein diet, avoid fatigue/cold/heat/infection and stress

32
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

Degenerative disease, causing destruction of nerve cells caused by deficiency of dopamine

33
Q

Ss of Parkinson’s

A

Shuffling, tremors, pill rolling, slow speech, risk for falls , soft diet, rigidity, forward tilt

34
Q

Alzheimer’s

A

Progressive Los of mental fictions . Interferes memory, ability to think and function

35
Q

Plaque

A

Protein deposits (beta amyloid) between neurons

36
Q

Tangles

A

(Tau) twisted fibers of protein within neuron

- forms in area of memory, learning and reason

37
Q

Interventions of Alzheimer’s

A

Keep everything simple, don’t confuse, set routine, maintain independence

38
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia

A

In face , affects 5th cranial nerve (sensory)

  • severe pain and is triggered by extreme hot and cold. Keep everything room temp
  • liquid and soft diet
39
Q

Bell’s palsy

A

Facial paralysis affects 7th cranial nerve, usually one side of face muscles (motor)
-pain, unable to close eye, smile, resided eyebrow

40
Q

Meningitis

A

Inflammation of the meninges in brain and spinal cord

- isolation 24hr after antibiotics

41
Q

Ss of meningitis

A

Headache . Fever, stiff neck, petechiae, irritable

42
Q

Intervention of meningitis

A

Seizure precaution, anyipyretic, pain management, low loc, dim lights , turn q2hr

43
Q

Encephalitis

A

Inflammation of brain tissue

  • headache, nausea, vomiting, fever, confused, tremors
  • intervention: neuro checks, anti seizure, antipyretics and analgesics

Med Surg Quiz 2 (1 decks)

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