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Term 3 Flashcards

Mineral Revolution In South Africa

1
Q

When was diamonds discovered

A

1867

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2
Q

When was gold discovered

A

1886

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3
Q

What 2 Colonie did Britain govern

A

Natal and the Cape

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4
Q

Where were diamonds discovered

A

Griqualand West (1867)

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5
Q

When did Britain complete its conquest of SA

A

Between 1870 and 1902

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6
Q

When did Britain complete its conquest of SA

A

Between 1870 and 1902

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7
Q

What is migrant labour

A

Workers who travel from their homes to live and work somewhere else for long periods of time.

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8
Q

What did the mines need to be profitable

A

A continual supply of cheap labour

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9
Q

What things did black African men buy

A

Cattle to pay for their brides, ploughs, and guns for their cheifs / elders

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10
Q

When was the pass system introduced

A

1872

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11
Q

Why was the pass system introduced

A

To control the labour supply in the cape colonies

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12
Q

When we’re closed compounds introduced

A

1885

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13
Q

What is a closed compound

A

A number of buildings or living quarters enclosed by high walls usually of corrugated iron, to shut out the outside world.

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14
Q

What is a closed compound

A

A number of buildings or living quarters enclosed by high walls usually of corrugated iron, to shut out the outside world.

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15
Q

What did the mine owners use the compound system for

A

Tho controll diamond theft.

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16
Q

What problem did mine owners face

A

Their workers did not have to work for a livelihood because they had land at home

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17
Q

What is land dispossesion

A

Depriving people of land without their agreement and without giving them a choice

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18
Q

When did all chiefdoms come under colonial rule

A

Between 1870 and 1900

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19
Q

What was Britain’s strategy to defeat black African workers

A
  1. Took advantage of internal conflicts
  2. When to war with them
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20
Q

What was Britain’s strategy to defeat black African workers

A
  1. Took advantage of internal conflicts
  2. When to war with them
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21
Q

What are the 3 African tribes

A

The Xhosa, the Pedi and the Zulu

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22
Q

Where was gold found

A

Near the surface and later, deep under the ground on the Witwaterstrand.

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23
Q

Why is gold so valuable

A
  1. It is rare
  2. monetary system is based on it
  3. Used to make jewelry
  4. It does not rust or tarnish
  5. Used in many industries
  6. Can mix with other metals.
  7. Conducts heat + electricity well
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24
Q

What is a reef

A

A layer of rock contai ing ore

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25
What is pneumonia
An infection or disease of the lungs caused by breathing in dust and made worse by sudden temperature changes.
26
What is silicosis
It's is caused by breathing in the dust, which comes from drilling the rick
27
What is pockmarckerd
It means marked by scars - eg. Smallpox leaves ugly poxmarks on the skin.
28
What are randlords
They were the richest of all the capitalists . They owned the majority of the shares in their companies so they would always have control of the gold mines
29
When was the Chamber Of Mines formed
1899
30
How were the mine owners benefited
They controlled the supply of labour and influenced the laws that were passed to control the mining industry.
31
What did compounds enable mine owners to do.
Keep wages low
32
What are some of the "male" jobs wonam had to do
1. Cultivat the land 2. Pay the taxes 3. Raise the children 4. Nursing the sick and old 5. Burying the dead
33
Where did most of the skilled labour come from
Britain
34
Where did most of the skilled labour come from
Britain
35
What type of skilled laborers cam from britain
Artisans, engineers, geologists,metallurgical and other skilled workers
36
What type of skilled laborers cam from britain
Artisans, engineers, geologists,metallurgical and other skilled workers
37
What is skilled labour
Workers who have been trained in a skilled occupation
38
What is skilled labour
Workers who have been trained in a skilled occupation
39
What are artisans
They are people who have learnt a trade or craft
40
What are geologists
Scientists who study rocks and the structure of the earth
41
What are metallurgists
Scientists who understand how to work with metals like gold
42
What are unskilled labourers
People who are not trained in any skills, they earn a lower wage than skilled workers.
43
Why did black workers find it difficult to find jobs
The white workers had a political advantage because they were white. They formed unions that demanded that skilled workers should only be given to white workers
44
What did the Indian population increase
Many who were working as indentured workers decided to stay, and there were passenger Indians who came looking for opportunities
45
When was anti Indian legislation passed
In 1885
46
What is the most common form of labour resistance
Strikes
47
How did the black African workers strike
Their methods of protest were indirect and are referred to as informal resistance
48
Why did many of them stop working in gold mines
The wages had dropped
49
What were all the methods of resistance they used
1. Informal resistance 2. Desertion 3. Deliberately working badly
50
How did workers escape the hard ships of their lives
Drinking
51
What city grew due to the discovery of gold
Johannesburg
52
What did the economic hub change to
SAR
53
What is the Anglo boer war
It is when the SARand the orange free state fought against the cape colony, natal and the cape
54
What is the Anglo boer war
It is when the SARand the orange free state fought against the cape colony, natal and the cape
55
When did the Anglo boer war occur
Between 1899 and 1902
56
What does franchise mean
The right to vote
57
What did the APO do
The provided an opportunity for the discussion of political issues that affected the black community
58
Who was the most famous leader of the APO
Dr Abdurahman
59
When was the NIC formed
1894
60
When was the NIC formed
1894
61
When was the traansval Indian Congress formed
1904
62
Who led the fist passive resistance campaign for Indian rights
Mahatma Ghandi
63
Who was Bambatha
A Zulu chief
64
When was the union of SA declared independent
31 May 1910
65
What does the SANNC stand for
South African Native National Congress
66
What was a satyahraha
A non-violent campaign
67
What law was passed in 1913
Natives land act. This resulted in over 80% of the land being owned by black people who made up 20%of the land
68
What happened in 1914
The SANNC submitted a petition to the members of the British parliament

HISTORY (1 decks)

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