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HISTORY > Term 3 > Flashcards

Term 3 Flashcards

Mineral Revolution In South Africa

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1
Q

When was diamonds discovered

A

1867

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2
Q

When was gold discovered

A

1886

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3
Q

What 2 Colonie did Britain govern

A

Natal and the Cape

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4
Q

Where were diamonds discovered

A

Griqualand West (1867)

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5
Q

When did Britain complete its conquest of SA

A

Between 1870 and 1902

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6
Q

When did Britain complete its conquest of SA

A

Between 1870 and 1902

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7
Q

What is migrant labour

A

Workers who travel from their homes to live and work somewhere else for long periods of time.

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8
Q

What did the mines need to be profitable

A

A continual supply of cheap labour

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9
Q

What things did black African men buy

A

Cattle to pay for their brides, ploughs, and guns for their cheifs / elders

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10
Q

When was the pass system introduced

A

1872

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11
Q

Why was the pass system introduced

A

To control the labour supply in the cape colonies

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12
Q

When we’re closed compounds introduced

A

1885

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13
Q

What is a closed compound

A

A number of buildings or living quarters enclosed by high walls usually of corrugated iron, to shut out the outside world.

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14
Q

What is a closed compound

A

A number of buildings or living quarters enclosed by high walls usually of corrugated iron, to shut out the outside world.

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15
Q

What did the mine owners use the compound system for

A

Tho controll diamond theft.

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16
Q

What problem did mine owners face

A

Their workers did not have to work for a livelihood because they had land at home

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17
Q

What is land dispossesion

A

Depriving people of land without their agreement and without giving them a choice

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18
Q

When did all chiefdoms come under colonial rule

A

Between 1870 and 1900

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19
Q

What was Britain’s strategy to defeat black African workers

A
  1. Took advantage of internal conflicts
  2. When to war with them
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20
Q

What was Britain’s strategy to defeat black African workers

A
  1. Took advantage of internal conflicts
  2. When to war with them
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21
Q

What are the 3 African tribes

A

The Xhosa, the Pedi and the Zulu

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22
Q

Where was gold found

A

Near the surface and later, deep under the ground on the Witwaterstrand.

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23
Q

Why is gold so valuable

A
  1. It is rare
  2. monetary system is based on it
  3. Used to make jewelry
  4. It does not rust or tarnish
  5. Used in many industries
  6. Can mix with other metals.
  7. Conducts heat + electricity well
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24
Q

What is a reef

A

A layer of rock contai ing ore

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25
Q

What is pneumonia

A

An infection or disease of the lungs caused by breathing in dust and made worse by sudden temperature changes.

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26
Q

What is silicosis

A

It’s is caused by breathing in the dust, which comes from drilling the rick

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27
Q

What is pockmarckerd

A

It means marked by scars - eg. Smallpox leaves ugly poxmarks on the skin.

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28
Q

What are randlords

A

They were the richest of all the capitalists . They owned the majority of the shares in their companies so they would always have control of the gold mines

29
Q

When was the Chamber Of Mines formed

A

1899

30
Q

How were the mine owners benefited

A

They controlled the supply of labour and influenced the laws that were passed to control the mining industry.

31
Q

What did compounds enable mine owners to do.

A

Keep wages low

32
Q

What are some of the “male” jobs wonam had to do

A
  1. Cultivat the land
  2. Pay the taxes
  3. Raise the children
  4. Nursing the sick and old
  5. Burying the dead
33
Q

Where did most of the skilled labour come from

A

Britain

34
Q

Where did most of the skilled labour come from

A

Britain

35
Q

What type of skilled laborers cam from britain

A

Artisans, engineers, geologists,metallurgical and other skilled workers

36
Q

What type of skilled laborers cam from britain

A

Artisans, engineers, geologists,metallurgical and other skilled workers

37
Q

What is skilled labour

A

Workers who have been trained in a skilled occupation

38
Q

What is skilled labour

A

Workers who have been trained in a skilled occupation

39
Q

What are artisans

A

They are people who have learnt a trade or craft

40
Q

What are geologists

A

Scientists who study rocks and the structure of the earth

41
Q

What are metallurgists

A

Scientists who understand how to work with metals like gold

42
Q

What are unskilled labourers

A

People who are not trained in any skills, they earn a lower wage than skilled workers.

43
Q

Why did black workers find it difficult to find jobs

A

The white workers had a political advantage because they were white. They formed unions that demanded that skilled workers should only be given to white workers

44
Q

What did the Indian population increase

A

Many who were working as indentured workers decided to stay, and there were passenger Indians who came looking for opportunities

45
Q

When was anti Indian legislation passed

A

In 1885

46
Q

What is the most common form of labour resistance

A

Strikes

47
Q

How did the black African workers strike

A

Their methods of protest were indirect and are referred to as informal resistance

48
Q

Why did many of them stop working in gold mines

A

The wages had dropped

49
Q

What were all the methods of resistance they used

A
  1. Informal resistance
  2. Desertion
  3. Deliberately working badly
50
Q

How did workers escape the hard ships of their lives

A

Drinking

51
Q

What city grew due to the discovery of gold

A

Johannesburg

52
Q

What did the economic hub change to

A

SAR

53
Q

What is the Anglo boer war

A

It is when the SARand the orange free state fought against the cape colony, natal and the cape

54
Q

What is the Anglo boer war

A

It is when the SARand the orange free state fought against the cape colony, natal and the cape

55
Q

When did the Anglo boer war occur

A

Between 1899 and 1902

56
Q

What does franchise mean

A

The right to vote

57
Q

What did the APO do

A

The provided an opportunity for the discussion of political issues that affected the black community

58
Q

Who was the most famous leader of the APO

A

Dr Abdurahman

59
Q

When was the NIC formed

A

1894

60
Q

When was the NIC formed

A

1894

61
Q

When was the traansval Indian Congress formed

A

1904

62
Q

Who led the fist passive resistance campaign for Indian rights

A

Mahatma Ghandi

63
Q

Who was Bambatha

A

A Zulu chief

64
Q

When was the union of SA declared independent

A

31 May 1910

65
Q

What does the SANNC stand for

A

South African Native National Congress

66
Q

What was a satyahraha

A

A non-violent campaign

67
Q

What law was passed in 1913

A

Natives land act. This resulted in over 80% of the land being owned by black people who made up 20%of the land

68
Q

What happened in 1914

A

The SANNC submitted a petition to the members of the British parliament

HISTORY (1 decks)

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