Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HPE > term 2 sci exam block > Flashcards

term 2 sci exam block Flashcards

1
Q

what are minerals?

A

Combination of substances and chemical properties that form together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how do geologists identify rocks?

A

The hardness, lustre (how shiny), transparency, shape of crystals, density, streak (powder of mineral)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is hardness?

A

how easy it is to scratch the rock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is streak?

A

The colour of the crushed mineral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how are igneous rocks formed

A

there are intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks. Intrusive rocks are formed when magma chamber for pockets of magma and then the magma hardens over a long period of time. Extrusive rocks are formed when the lava hardens very quickly and forms into rock.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a sedimentary igneous rock?

A

When there are layers of sediments compacted together, water seeps in with chemicals in the water. The water evaporates leaving chemicals, having the chemical be like glue forming a sedimentary rock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the different Sedimentary Rocks?

A

chemical-dissolved minerals left behind when water evaporates creating another rock
Organic- formed from remains of living things
Clastic- formed when rock fragments are deposited, compacted and cemented

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are metamorphic rocks?

A

Rocks formed when the heat or pressure of the Earth change the rock from its original form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the bands of a metamorphic rock?

A

It tells us how the crystals were squeezed into the new crystal some even melted.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the process of the rock cycle?

A

1 magma/lava = igneous rocks
2 rocks brought up from tectonic plates
3 on surface rocks weathered
4 weathered particles removed by erosion, transported=deposited
5 deposited sediments or eroded form layers, sedimentary rocks
6 Earths heat and pressure =metamorphic
7 if too much heat or pressure goes to magma and cycle starts again

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are foliated and non-foliated metamorphic rocks?

A

foliated- have banded material, looks layered, when broken thin rock fragments show
Non-foliated- no obvious banding, granular, no layers fall apart when broken

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are some metamorphic rocks?

A 
limestone= marble  
Shale = slate  
Sandstone= quartzite
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are some sedimentary rocks?

A

mudstone, sandstone, limestone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are some Igneous rocks

A

Granite= intrusive, obsidian = extrusive, Pumice= extursive, Basalt= extrusive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the Earth’s layers?

A

inner core and outer core= solid
Mantle, lithosphere, asthenosphere= liquid
Crust= solid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are convection currents?

A

Core is very hot meaning that the particles rise. Then when they get to the upper part of the mantle they cool down a bit meaning the become dense. The particles fall down and start cycle again.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What do convection currents do to the tectonic plates?

A

the Convection currents rising and falling underneath the tectonic plates causing the plates to shift. The tectonic plates create gaps and filling it with magma making igneous rocks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a Transform boundary?

A

when two tectonic plates build up pressure and slide next to each other.

19
Q

What are converging boundaries?

A

when two tectonic plates go towards each other forcing the land to go upwards because of all the pressure moving upwards

20
Q

what are diverging boundaries?

A

when two tectonic plates moving away from each other in opposite directions

21
Q

What is an ocean to continent collision?

A

When a tectonic plate on land and one from the sea converge into each other causing the denser plate to subduct. This is the oceanic plate because it is denser

22
Q

what is ocean-to-ocean collision?

A

When the oceanic crusts both collide into each other having the denser plate go underneath the less dense plate.

23
Q

What is continent- to-continent collision?

A

When two continent plates converge and since they are the same densities they push the land upwards creating mountains etc.

24
Q

What is Pangeaa?

A

When the continents were all together like a puzzle millions of years

25
Q

What is seafloor spreading?

A

when oceanic crust diverges

26
Q

what is continental drift?

A

When the continents move with the tectonic plates

27
Q

what are continental shelves?

A

Underwater cliffs between the beach and the ocean

28
Q

What is subduction?

A

When the denser plate goes underneath the less dense plate. Gases cause the gases from the denser plate to melt. This causes it to become a part of the mantle.

29
Q

What are tectonic plates made of?

A

the continental crust and the rigid lithosphere

30
Q

What are the types of Earthquakes?

A

Type 1- composite
Types 2- cinder
Type 3- shield

31
Q

What is the Epicentre?

A

The Earth surface directly above the focal point that is directly above the wave – s-waves

32
Q

What are Primary Waves?

A

Waves that move through solid rock and liquid- p- waves

33
Q

What are secondary waves?

A

can only go through solid rock

34
Q

What are surface waves?

A

Most destructive because it is both p and s waves

35
Q

what is the fault line?

A

when two tectonic plates transform it creates a fault line

36
Q

what are Ribosomes?

A

it makes proteins for the cell

37
Q

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

transports molecules around.

38
Q

what is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

A

moves proteins (molecules) to go out to the body. Moves material in and out of the cell.

39
Q

what is the function of the mitochondria?

A

Creates energy for the cell. Cellular respiration occurs from oxygen- creates energy. Produces carbon dioxide and water.

40
Q

what is the function of Chloroplast?

A

glucose and light- photosynthesis for the plant
Carbon dioxide and water- oxygen and glucose
Chlorophyll- colour for the plant

41
Q

what is the function of the cell membrane?

A

it does semipermeable- lets things in and select things out

42
Q

what is the function of the cell wall?

A

only plant cells offers protection and support

43
Q

what is the function of the cytoplasm

A

allows organelles o float around, surrounded by the cell membrane

HPE (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions