Term 2: Ecosytems And Body Coordination Flashcards
Ecosystem
A community of organisms interacting and their physical environment
Habitat
the natural home or environment of an animal,plant or other organism
Biotic Factors
A living thing such as an animal or plant that affects an ecosystem
Abiotic Factors
A nonliving condition or thing, as climate or habitat, that influences or affects an ecosystem and the organisms in it
External Environment
The environment outside an organism. This includes the physical, chemical and biological conditions, such as a high concentration of a harmful substance in the air.
Aerobic Respiration
The form of cellular respiration that is more efficient. The chemical equation is:
C6H12O6(Glucose)+ 602 ——>6C02 + 6H20+ATP(Energy/Adenosine Triphosphate)
Internal Environment
As the name suggests, the state of the inside of the body
Anaerobic Respiration
The form of cellular respiration that is less efficient and releases lactic acid. This form of respiration does not require oxygen.
Mitochondria
The powerhouse of the cell where cellular respiration takes place
Photosynthesis
The process where a plant converts water and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. Process requires chloroplasts and sunlight.
https://ib.bioninja.com.au/_Media/photosynthesis-equation_med.jpeg
Chloroplasts
The part of a cell exclusive to plants that is required for the photosynthesis process. Makes plants green.
Carbon Cycle
The process by which carbon interacts naturally with the environment
Homeostasis
A tendency for cells tissues and organisms to attempt to stay at an equilibrium (body temperature?)
Endocrine System
The system of the body that controls hormones
Hormones
A substance produced in an organism such as blood or sap to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action.
Glands
An organ in the body which secretes substances that will be used either in the body or be discharged into the surroundings
Nervous System
The network of nerves and fibres that transmits electrical signals throughout the body
Central Nervous System
The brain and spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System
The part of the nervous system outside of the brain and spinal cord
Neurons
Cells in the body that transmit information to other nerve cells, muscle or gland cells
Dendrites
Part of neuron that receives information from other cells/neurons
Axons
Part of the neuron that takes information from the cell body to the other part of the neuron across the mylin sheath
Axon Terminals
The very end of the neuron where the electrical signal is passed on to another cell
Neurotransmitters
A kind of chemical messenger that carries the information/signal
Synaptic Cleft
The gap between neurons where neurotransmitters are released
Positive Feedback Mechanisms
It is something that can continue on once complete. During childbirth a chemical is released that speeds up contractions.
Negative Feedback Mechanism
The opposite of a positive feedback mechanism. It can’t continue once complete.
