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history grade 6 > Term 2 > Flashcards

Term 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What does Renaissance mean?

A

Rebirth

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2
Q

What period is the renaissance?

A

It is the period in european civilization following the Middle ages

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3
Q

When did the renaissance begin?

A

Between the 12th and 14th century

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4
Q

Where did it start and with what?

A

In Italy when an interest in classical learning and values started

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5
Q

Why did Europe start exploring?

A
  • to find sea routes and trading partners
  • to expland knowledge and control more
  • to spread religion
  • to find spices, silk , gold, medicines, fur, precious stones and metals
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6
Q

What discovery did the spice trade lead to?

A

New continents

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7
Q

Why was the spice trade protected ?

A

Because it brought a lit of wealth for those that controlled it

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8
Q

When did the spice trade begin and how was it run?

A

In the Middle Ages by camels on land routes only

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9
Q

What places did the silk road connect?

A

Asia with the Mediterranean world and North Africa and Europe

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10
Q

Which areas did the silk road help with growth?

A

China, india eygpt,persia, arabia and rome

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11
Q

Who controlled the spice trade in the first century BC?

A

The Roman Empire. They set up a powerful trading center in alexandria eygpt that controlled the spices that entered the Roman Empire

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12
Q

How did the practice of the work salary come about?

A

The roman soldiers were paid with salt

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13
Q

Who became the primary trade port for spices?

A

Venice for western and Northern Europe

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14
Q

Why was venice the main port?

A

Because of its location in the Mediterranean sea and the tiny islands around it

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15
Q

What were the popular spices?

A

Pepper, cinnamon, nutmeg, gonger and cloves.

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16
Q

What was pepper used for?

A

To preserve meat

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17
Q

What was used as air freshener?

A

Cloves and cinnamon

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18
Q

What was nutmeg used for?

A

To improve the taste of bad tasting food

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19
Q

How did venice become wealthy?

A

The European people couldn’t go directly to Middle East without passing venice so venice charged
Higher prices

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20
Q

Why was it difficult for European merchants to travel overland to the east?

A

It was expensive with many taxes to pay

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21
Q

How was the spice trade transformed in the 25th century?

A

Navigation equipment improved and explores discovered new ways to reach places spices were grown

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22
Q

From where was the first explorer to circumnavigate Africa?

A

Portugal

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23
Q

Who and when was the first explorer to sail to india?

With how many vessels did he sail with?

A

Vasco da gama in 1497

With 4 vessels

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24
Q

What was the beginning of the Portuguese Empire?

A

Vasco da gamas sail to India

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25
Q

What caused fighting and conflict over the spice trade?

A

When the Spanish, English and Dutch started exploring

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26
Q

Where were most of the European explorers from?

A

Spain, Portugal, France, Italy and England

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27
Q

Why was sailing a better option?

A

They roads were bad and there was a lot of thieves

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28
Q

Why did investors usually sponsored trading voyages

A

Explorers could sail further than before to new places. They could import more goods and export more.

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29
Q

What was the name of the term that described the values of ideals of the renaissance?

A

Humanism

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30
Q

Name 3 inventions during renaissance.

A

Paper
Gunpowder
Magnetic compass

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31
Q

Name 2 changes which took place in Europe during the renaissance.

A

The printing press and books became available to read

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32
Q

Why was venice the primary port for trade?

A

Because it had a harbor

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33
Q

Why did Europeans have to find an alternate way to obtain spices?

A

Camels were used and they were slow

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34
Q

Name 3 famous explorers and their country of origin.

A

Vasco da gama-Portugal
France- Jacques Cartier
Italy- Christopher Columbus

35
Q

From the late 1400’s which countries wanted to explore the rest of the world?

A

Spain
Britian
Portugal

36
Q

Explorers wanted to look for….

A

Gold and spices

37
Q

What is gunpowder

A

And explosive

38
Q

What is gunpowder used for

A

To make bullets, cannons and fireworks

39
Q

What is gunpowder used for nowadays?

A

To break up rocks and mountains to build roads

40
Q

Who invented gunpowder

A

The Chinese

41
Q

What is gunpowder made from

A

A mic of chemicals

42
Q

What did the Europeans used gunpowder for

A

Cannons and weapons to protect their villages and fight in wars

43
Q

Who invented the compass?

A

The Chinese

44
Q

Where does the compass needle always point to

A

North

45
Q

Who used the magnetic compass

A

Sailors on long journeys across the sea

46
Q

Who was the first person to use the compass

A

A Chinese explorer called Zhen He

47
Q

How did the compass help explorers

A

It helped them record accurate information and helped mapmakers make maps of lands and oceans

48
Q

what did the Portuguese invent and when

A

The caravel in 1400

49
Q

What was special about the caravel

A

It was faster because of it’s shape and it had sails

50
Q

Who used the caravel

A

The Portuguese and the Spanish

51
Q

What was the problem with the caravel

A

It was too small and light to transport heavy cargo loads

52
Q

In the 1400 & 1500’s, what religion did most people in Europe follow?

A

Christianity

They were Roman Catholic

53
Q

What other religions were there

A

Islam, judaism and African traditional religion

54
Q

What are people who go to other countries to spread religion called

A

Missionaries

55
Q

Who was St Francis Xavier and what was he also called

A

A Spanish catholic priest

Apostle of the Indies

56
Q

Where did he convert a lot of people to christianity

A

In Goa India

57
Q

Who were the first Europeans to find a different route to the east

A

The Portuguese

58
Q

Who was the king of Portugal son and what was he called

A

Prince Henry ‘The Navigator ‘

59
Q

What did he start in Portugal in 1419 AD

A

A sailing school and gave money for voyagers of exploration

60
Q

What did he want from the other countries

A

Gold from Africa and spices from the islands in the Indian Ocean

61
Q

Who and when was the first sailor to go from Portugal to India

A

Vasco da Gama on 8 July 1497

62
Q

Where did Vasco da Gama stop on the way to India

A

St Helena Bay in 1497 and Limpopo River 1498

63
Q

How long and how far was the journey

A

209 days and nearly 20 000km

64
Q

When did he reach Calicut India

A

20 May 1498

65
Q

Whatdid da Gama find as he sailed around Africa

A

That trade was takingbplace along Africa east coast by the Africa and arab traders

66
Q

Why did the King send vasco da Gama on a second voyage

A

He want to take over trade in africa to make Portugal more powerful.the Arab traders were angry and wanted to kill him

67
Q

In 1488 which places in Southern Africa did a group of Portuguese sailors land

A

Walvis Bay
Cape Town
Mossel Bay
algoa Bay

68
Q

Who was the group leader

A

Explorer named Bartholomeu Dias

69
Q

Where was the group of sailors going and why did they stop in South Africa

A

To find a new route to the east. The stopped in SA for fresh food and water

70
Q

Who did they find when they landed at the Cape

A

The KhoiKhoi people who lived there

71
Q

What happened when Dias found them

A

When Bartholomew Dias was getting water from a water hole, the local people defended their site by throwing stones. Dias fired a bolt and killed one khoikhoi

72
Q

Who also used the Cape route to the East like the Portuguese

A

The Dutch

73
Q

What was the name of the company called trading between the netherlands and the east

A

VOC or in English the Dutch East India Company

74
Q

What did VOC trade in and where

A

They bought spices and silk in the East and sold it in Europe

75
Q

Where was the halfway they stopped for food and water

A

South Africa

76
Q

What was the relationship between the Dutch and the khoikhoi

A

The khoikhoi were trading with the European ships but the Dutch East India company decided to put theor own people to grow crops there. The khoikhoi were upset with them for stealing their land

77
Q

How long did it take from Europe to the Cape

A

3 months

78
Q

How was the journey

A

Difficult. Many sailors became sick and died. Some sailors drowned with the bad storms or ships sunk.

79
Q

What is scurvy

A

A disease caused by lack of vitamin C. Gums and other parts of the body bleeds

80
Q

Who was leonardo da Vinci?

A

An italian artist and scientist

He made sculptures and famous paintings. Ge learnt how the body works by studying and drawing dead bodies

81
Q

How did da vinci help invent helicopters and aircraft

A

He drew pictures of flying machines

82
Q

Who was galileo Galilei

A

An italian scientist and astronomer

83
Q

What did he invent and find

A

He built the telescope and studied the stars. He found put the Milky Way consisted of stars and planets. He also noticed the moons around jupiter

84
Q

Who invented the printing press

A

Johannes Gutenburg in1455

history grade 6 (1 decks)

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