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Pharmacology Final > Term 2, > Flashcards

Term 2, Flashcards

0
Q

When teaching the client about topical nasal decongestants, the nurse should warn them that overuse of such medication is likely to result in which adverse effect?

A

Rebound congestion with nasal stiffness.

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1
Q

If you’re going to give the patient a nasal decongestion medication. What is the length of time you can give that?.

A

3-5days

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2
Q

You’re going to give the patient 3 different types of TB medications. Patient asks you why? You as a nurse are going to tell them what?

A

It helps fight the bacteria more effectively it will decrease mutation and resistance.

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3
Q

What is the prophylactic drug therapy of choice when exposed to TB?

A

Isoniazed (INH),

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4
Q

Whenever you see an answer that says arrested disease. It means to destroy or kill the disease. So the purpose of giving the patient TB medication is to basically do what to the disease?

A

Arrest the disease.

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5
Q

Which TB medication will turn your urine red or orange?

A

Rifampin.

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6
Q

Aminopylline is used for what?

A

It’s a bronchodilator. Dilate the airways of the respiratory tree, making air exchange and respirations easier for the client. Relax the smooth muscle of the bronchi.

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7
Q

What is a antihistamine?

A

Blocks an allergic trigger. Used for asthma and allergic reactions. Use with caution with asthma attack.

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8
Q

What should you tell the patient who is taking codeine suppressive type cough syrup? What should you tell the patient to watch for? What side effect?

A

constipation

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9
Q

An antitussive does what?

A

Acts in suppressing the cough reflex when excessive coughing causes respiratory distress. Do not use it on a patient with pneumonia.

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10
Q

11) Expectorants do what?

A

liquefies ….Aids hydration of dry, irritated tissues, by loosening bronchial secretions, stimulating flow of secretions. You take it by NPO for at least 15-30 minutes.

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11
Q

12) What can you use Benadryl for?

A

Antihistamine.

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12
Q

13) Enzyme put on a decubitus is meant to do what?

A

Debridement. Trying to dissolve the dead tissue.

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13
Q

14) If you have a burn patient what’s the proper technique to use on them?

A

Sterile and put on isolation.

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14
Q

15) Herpes simplex type 1 and 2, and herpes zoster. What is the medication of choice?

A

Zovirax.

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15
Q

If patient has impetigo. Is it contagious? What type of medication are they going to be given?

A

Yes it is contagious. And you give them antibacterial medication to kill it.

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16
Q

What type of disorder is lamisil going to be used for?

A

Antifungal medication used for ringworm, pedis.

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17
Q

What type of disorder is kwell use for ?.

A

Scabies and pediculosis (lice).

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18
Q

What do you use silvadene (silver sulfadiazine)?

A

It’s an Antimicrobial agent. Used for burn patients. For 2nd and 3rd degrees.

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19
Q

How do you apply lotions on a lesion?

A

Start in worth to Outward in a circular motion.

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20
Q

Overdose from heparin you give what as an antidote?

A

Protamine sulfate 1%.

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21
Q

Overdose from Coumadin you give what as an antidote? Vitamin K.

A

Vitamin K.

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22
Q

What makes a clot?

A

Fibrin.

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23
Q

When heparin is given sub-Q do you aspirate?

A

NO.

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24
Q

Where is heparin injected?

A

Fatty tissue areas. Rotate sites, and after removing needle you apply gentle pressure.

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25
Q

What labs are used to check Coumadin?

A

PT/INR.

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26
Q

Best absorption of an oral Iron is when? Between meals. And if patient has GI upset?

A

Before meals or with meals.

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27
Q

A medication that’s thrombolytic that’s given to a new onset MI?

A

Streptokinase. Breaks down clots, it’s going to dissolve it.

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28
Q

An oral anticoagulant is known to interact with what type of medication?

A

Aspirin (ASA).

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29
Q

If you give too much anticoagulant. What type of conditions will you see?

A

Hemorrhaging and Bleeding.

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30
Q

What condition do you give Epoetin (Procrit) for?

A

Patients with renal failure who are unable to produce their own endogenous erythropoietin or chemotherapy. It helps increase RBC’S.

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31
Q

When does Epogen do?

A

Increases RBC’s.

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32
Q

If patient with leukemia is undergoing chemotherapy. And you have to monitor the WBC’s count. What do you give?

A

Neupogen (Fligrastim) will make WBC’s.

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33
Q

What does Neulasta do?

A

Increases WBC’s.

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34
Q

Pernicious anemia intrinsic factor is missing? Where is it?

A

Vitamin B-12 and it’s in the lining of the stomach.

35
Q

Where is the location site to give an IM Z-track injection?

A

Dorsoglulteal muscle.

36
Q

If patient is receiving oral iron what should they anticipate when they go to the restroom?

A

Dark tarry stools.

37
Q

If you give a patient a diuretic. What should you monitor for?

A

Daily weights same time everyday.

38
Q

When is the best time to give the patient a diuretic?

A

In the morning.

39
Q

You are going to give a thyroid medicine to a patient with hypothyroidism. What are the signs if you give too much?

A

Hyperthyroidism. What are the S/S you will see right away tachycardia, irritation.

40
Q

How do you perform a postprandial glucose test?

A

You check their blood glucose level fasting. Then you have the patient drink an orange glucose drink and two hours later you will check the blood sugar level again.

41
Q

If you have NPH insulin (suspension) what do you do before you administer it?

A

You roll it gently between your palms to mix it. Never shake it.

42
Q

Do you refrigerate insulin? No should be room temperature. If for some reason they do have it refrigerate what can you cause the patient?

A

Lipodystrophy.

43
Q

What if you gave to much insulin? What are you signs you will see right away?

A

Clammy, sweating, nervousness and anxiety. Check the blood sugar and if it’s low give them 4oz of juice if alert. If unconscious IM or IV.

44
Q

For an oral hypoglycemic when should they take the drug?

A

30 minutes before meals. If only taken once a day before breakfast.

45
Q

If patient is prescribed the medication PTU (Propylthiouracil)? What are they diagnosed with?

A

Hyperthyroidism. (Grave’s disease).

46
Q

What is the only insulin that can be given IV?

A

Clear regular.

47
Q

What is the only insulin that needs to be given by itself?

A

Glargine (Lantus). Do Not Mix.

48
Q

If you give a long acting and NPH insulin. What is vital that the patient should have before they go to bed? .

A

Snacks.

49
Q

What is the protocol for acute angina? As far as medication?

A

Sublingual should have a tingling feeling. Vasodilator- Nitrate or Nitroglycerin. Always the drug of choice. Given 5 minutes apart no more than 3. For test call 911 after third one is given without therapy.

50
Q

What is the common side effect from nitro? .

A

Decrease blood pressures always give while sitting down. Adverse effect is headaches.

51
Q

Before administering a cardiac glycoside (Digoxin). What should assess on the patient first?

A

Check apical pulse for 1 minute. Hold if Adult pulse is less than 60, Child 70, and infant 90.

52
Q

If patient has dig toxicity? What other medication should not be taken

A

diuretic.

53
Q

When you give a cardiac glycoside for heart congestion failure that is back flowing to lungs how do you check to see if medication is working?

A

Check both lung sounds.

54
Q

If patient is taking a anticoagulant daily. What signs should you tell the patient to come see the DR right away?

A

Tarry stools.

55
Q

What is a common side effect of a vasodilator? .

A

Low Blood Pressure

56
Q

What time is most common for heart attacks? .

A

Midnight to 3 am

57
Q

When you give nitro paste. How do you apply it on the patient?

A

Gloves, put patch on their chest. Patch is 12 hours on 12 hours off.

58
Q

Nasal Gastric Tube answer is

A

crush medication put in apple sauce and use syringe).

59
Q

What’s transdermal Patch.

A

Placement of choice is the chest, arms and sides.

60
Q

When administering regular and intermediate (NPH) insulin?

A

You inject air into cloudy, inject air into clear. Then you draw up clear and then you draw up cloudy.

61
Q

when giving cardiac glycoside what test do want to check ?

A

serum digoxin level

62
Q

why is cholesterol taken at night ?

A

because that’s when cholesterol is produced

63
Q

what is essential hypertension ?

A

unknown cause

64
Q

what are signs and symptoms of hypertension ?

A

vertigo , blurred vision , chest pain , headache

65
Q

how do you know the med cardiac glycoside given for CHF is effective `

A

lungs are clear

66
Q

if your going to put codeine in a cough syrup , whats the purpose of codeine

A

suppresses the cough

67
Q

what is insulin reaction

A

too much insulin
hypoglycemia
shaky
nervous / shaky / anxious / diaphoresis

68
Q

if your going to give a narcotic cough suppressant , what should you look for in the patient ?

A

decrease resp drive

69
Q

what is the purpose of a bronchodialator ?

A

and adverse effect

bronchoconstriction

70
Q

why do we give more than one medication to a TB patient at a time

A

so the TB wont become resistant

71
Q

what is impetigo ?

A

contagious bacteria ,

treat with antibiotics

72
Q

what is tinea ?

A

fungus

treat with antifungal / fungoid

73
Q

how do we avoid formation of anykind of hematoma?

A

rotate site , abd area 2 inch from the iliac crest

74
Q

how is vitamin k given ?

A

subquatenous

75
Q

what is a z track method ?

A

giving iron

give deeply to prevent irriatation

76
Q

on a heparin drip , how would you administer oral care to pt

A

swabs ,because pt can bleed

77
Q

what is Lasix ?

A

loop diuretic

take in the morning

78
Q

if your going to monitor urine output with Lasix , what are you looking for when monitoring ?

A

dehydration

79
Q

if a medication is substituted for another do you give that med ?

A

no

80
Q

if the pharmacy substitute a med , who do you call to fix it ?

A

the pharmacy

81
Q

if you don’t understand what the doctor wrote on a prescription , what do you do ?

A

call the doctor to verify

82
Q

if a patient complains of pain what do you do ?

A

assess the patient first before administering and meds

83
Q

what are the 7 rights

A 
Right drug 
Right dose 
Right time 
Right route 
Right patient 
Right documentation 
Right to refuse
84
Q

injections

A

Transdermal – a method of applying a drug to unbroken skin. The drug is absorbed continuously and produces a systemic effect (packaged in an adhesive-backed disk)
 Parenteral – Any route of administration not involving the gastrointestinal tract, e.g., topical, inhalation or injection (parentaral medication for injection must be in a liquid form and administered by one four methods: intradermal, intramuscular, intravenous or subcutaneous
 Intradermal (ID) – a small amount of medication is injected just beneath the epidermis
 Intramuscular (IM) – The medication is injected directly into large muscles.
 Intravenous (IV) – The medication is injected directly into the vein, entering the bloodstream immediately

Pharmacology Final (1 decks)

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