Term 2 Flashcards by Shawna C

What is the body’s storage form of fat in subcutaneous tissue ?

Adipose tissue

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How arterioles in the dermis respond to heat and cold ?

Heat - vasodilate -increase blood flow

Cold - vasoconstrict - decrease blood flow

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What substance are formed when UV rays strike the skin ?

Vitamin D & melanin gives pigment in the skin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

List the layers of the skin and describe the anatomy & function of each ?

Epidermis- stratum corneum , prevent loss/ entry of water … Prevents entry of pathogen
Dermis- true skin , glands
Subqutaneous - connective tissues

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which layer of the skin are white blood cells found in ?

Subcutaneous tissue or know as the superficial fascia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What changes occur on the skin of the elderly ?

Less elasticity
Less moisture
Tkes longer to heal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which gland of the skin are most important for temperature regulation ?

Eccrine gland
Most of the face , palms , sole
During excersize in warm enviorment

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What protein protects skin from the effects of UV RAYS

Melanin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

In which layer of the skin does mitosis take place ?

Stranum germinatvum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the purpose of encapsulated nevrve ending in the dermis ?

Touch and pressure

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the purpose of free nerve ending in the dermis ?

Pain , heat , cold & itch

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What vitamin is produced in the skin ?

Vitamin D

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the tough protein in the epidermis that thickens , waterproofs
& protects the skin

Keratin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What substance in the skin prevents drying of the eardrum?

Cerumen (ear wax)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What gives strength to the dermis ?

Collagen fibers - protein

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What gland produces oily secretions that lubricate the skin?

Sebaceous gland - lipid substance sebum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Describe the purpose of the accessory structure of nails and hair ?

Hair - keeps dust and particles out
Filters
Nails - protect finger tips and toes from injury , and ability to pick up small objects

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What cells increase Their secretion when stimulated by UV ray ?

Melanocytes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the term for a bluish discoloration of the skin ?

Cyanosis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Why is an elderly person more sensitive to cold temperature ?

Less subcutaneous fat

What type of dressing is most appropriate for a patient with a skin tear ?

Dry
Sterile
Transparent dressing

What should the nurses response be to a new petechia ?

Inform the RN or psychian

Could be tiny bleeding

Deffrenciate between the following types of infection : systemic

Affect the entire body

Localized

Confined to one area of the body

Secondary

Made possible by a primary infection | That lowers host resistance

Self limiting

Last a certain length of time

Septicemia

Bacteria Infection in the blood , always serious

Contagious

Communicable disease easily spread , from host to host by casual constant

What does the term virulence refer to?

The ability of a pathogen to cause a disease | eg: hep B

Describe the body's first line of defense including physical and chemical barriers ?

Physical -skin | Chemical barrier - tears , coughing , sneezing

How are intestinal pathogens usually spread ?

Oral to fecal | Fecal to oral

How are respiratory pathogens usually spread ?

Droplet, airborne

Terminology :?toxins

Chemical products that are poisonous to host cell

Aerobic

Bacteria that grows only In the presence of oxygen

Spores

A dormant stage resistant to heat and drying

Flagella

- Tail , helps provide movement for cells | - Provides motility

What is an opportunistic pathogen

-A microorganism that is usually harmless ,but may become a pathogen in certain circumstances -Affect people with weak immune system Eg: people with AIDS

What two organs systems are most responsible for protecting the body from infection ?

Lymphatic and skin

Describe the stages of and infectious disease ?

- Incubation period -the time before symptoms appear - Prodomal - short time , follows incubation , vague , non specific symptoms begin , (pt states , I'm coming down with something ) - Illness - specific symptoms appear , fever , rash , cough , diarrhea - covalence -interval symptoms and of infection disappear

What is a carrier of and infection ?

Not an active infection but you carry it , you can infect someone else

What are the links in the chain of infection ?

-the infectious agent- the pathogen (disease causing microorganism ) -the resevior _ anminal or person (place where its growing ) -exit route _ blood ,urine , feces secretions -the method of transmission _(most common HANDS) contaminated needle , food, air droplets -portal of entry -mouth , break in skin , muscus membrane susceptible host - another vulernable person

What is the best way of breaking the chain of infection ?

Hand washing and medical asepsis

Epidermis

- Structure - The outer layer of the skin , made of stratified squamous keratinization epithelium - Function - consists of many layers of dead cells, barrier

Dermis

-true layer of the skin Structure-the inner layer of the skin , made of modified fibrous connective tissue Function -contain accessory structure of the skin , the receptors and sweat glands

Subcutaneous tissue

Structure- Made of aeolar connective and adipose tissue | Function -connects the dermis to muscle and stores fat

What is the stratum corneum?

Epidermal layer composed of dead cells , in this layer all that is lefted in protein

The stimulus for increase melanin

Ultra violet rays

Anaerobic

Bacteria that reproduce only in the absence of oxygen