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Biology > Term 1a : 5 Kingdoms > Flashcards

Term 1a : 5 Kingdoms Flashcards

1
Q

MRS CRENG

A

Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity

Control of internal conditions(homeostasis)
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition
Grow
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2
Q

Multicellular fungi eg

A

Mould, mushroom, toadstool

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3
Q

Unicellular fungi eg

A

Yeast

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4
Q

Do fungi have chloroplast?

A

NO

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5
Q

What do multicellular fungi produce?

A

Fine threads : hyphae, coated in cell wall made of chitin.

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6
Q

What is a network of hyphae called?

A

Mycelium

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7
Q

What do fungi live off? How does this benefit the environment?

A

Dead material.

Carbon and nitrogen cycles.

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8
Q

How do fungi consume food?

A

They release enzymes onto their food which digests it into soluble substances such as glucose and amino acids which they can absorb.

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9
Q

Enzymes

A

A catalyst that speeds up chemical reactions.

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10
Q

What type of nutrition do fungi have?

A

Saprotrophic nutrition

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11
Q

Pathogen

A

microorganisms causing diseases.

Belongs to wide group of small organisms.

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12
Q

MICROORGANISMS

A

NOT ALL ARE HARMFUL

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13
Q

Types of pathogens

A

Bacteria
Fungi
Virus
Protoctists

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14
Q

Viruses

A

Not a living organism.
Very small, smallest microorganism, smaller than bacteria
Cannot live on its own, must live in host cell
Can infect every living organism
Parasitic

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15
Q

Nucleus

A

Contains DNA and controls cell activities

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16
Q

Vacuole

A

Stores cell sap : water, amino acids, salts, glucose

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17
Q

Cellulose cell wall

A

Provides extra support to the cell

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18
Q

Cell membrane

A

Controls what enters and leaves the cell

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19
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Where all the cell reactions occur

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20
Q

Mitochondrion

A

Sites of energy release from food by respiration

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21
Q

Starch granules

A

Stores of carbohydrates in plant cells

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22
Q

Ribosome

A

Where proteins are made in a cell

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23
Q

Glycogen granules

A

Store of carbohydrates in animal cells

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24
Q

Chloroplasts

A

Site of absorbing light in photosynthesis

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25
Q

Tissues

A

A collection of similar cells working together to perform a specific function.

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26
Q

Organs

A

Are a collection of tissues working together to perform specific functions

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27
Q

Organ systems

A

Collection of organs working together to form organisms.

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28
Q

Level of organisation in organisms

A

Organelles - cells - tissues - organs - system

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29
Q

Monomer

A

One

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30
Q

Polymer

A

Many

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31
Q

Key biological molecules

A

Carbohydrates
Lipids/fats
Proteins
Nucleic acids

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32
Q

Monomer : nucleic acids

A

Nucleotides

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33
Q

Polymer : nucleic acids

A

DNA + RNA

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34
Q

Monomer : proteins

A

Amino acids

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35
Q

Polymer : proteins

A

Protein/polypeptide

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36
Q

Monomer : carbohydrates

A

Monosaccharide / sugar

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37
Q

Polymer : carbohydrates

A

Polysaccharide

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38
Q

Nutrition

A

Providing or obtaining the food necessary for growth and tissue repair.

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39
Q

Food

A

Used to provide energy

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40
Q

Green plants : nutrition

A

They make their own food (glucose) using sunlight (photosynthesis) : autotroph

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41
Q

Animals : nutrition

A

Consumes plants or other animals : hetotroph

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42
Q

Parts of a virus cell : 2

A
  1. Nucleic acid (DNA/RNA) : inside

2. Protein coat - capsid : wall

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43
Q

Magnification formula triangle

A

I,A,M

Image = actual x magnification

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44
Q

Iodine test : what does it test for?

A

starch

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45
Q

Benedict’s test : what does it test for?

A

glucose : reducing sugars.

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46
Q

Emulsion test : what does it test for?

A

lipids, fat

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47
Q

Biuret test : what does it test for?

48
Q

Iodine test : results

A

blue/black : starch

brown/orange : no starch

49
Q

Benedict’s test : results

A

red : glucose

blue : no glucose

50
Q

Emulsion test : results

A

purple : protein

blue ; no protein

51
Q

Biuret test : results

A

cloudy : lipid

non - cloudy : no lipids

52
Q

Iodine test : how does it work

A

drop iodine solution onto food. Brown iodine colour change indicates results.

53
Q

Benedict’s test : how does it work

A

Blue solution turns red when heated with a reducing sugar.

54
Q

Emulsion test : how does it work

A

Lipids go cloudy when mixed with ethanol and water.

55
Q

Biuret test : how does it work

A

Blue Biuret solution turns purple when reacts with protein

56
Q

Saprophyte : meaning

A

releases enzymes

57
Q

Heterotrophs : meaning

A

eats food from other organisms

58
Q

Autotrophs : meaning

A

creates own food

59
Q

Multicellular : 5king

A

Animals, plantae

60
Q

Unicellular : 5king

A

Protoctists, bacteria, fungi

61
Q

Saprophyte : 5king

A

Fungi, bacteria

62
Q

Heterotrophs : 5king

A

Animalia, some protocista

63
Q

Autotrophs : 5king

A

Plant, some protocista, bacteria

64
Q

Nucleus : 5king

A

ALL BUT BACTERIA

65
Q

Loop of DNA : 5king

A

ONLY BACTERIA

66
Q

Plasmid : 5king

A

ONLY BACTERIA

67
Q

Eukaryotes

A

Has nucleus

68
Q

Prokaryotes

A

No nucleus

69
Q

Cytoplasm : 5king

A

ALL BUT PROTOCTISTA

70
Q

Cell membrane : 5king

A

ALL HAVE THEM

71
Q

Mitochondria : 5king

A

ALL BUT BACTERIA

72
Q

Chloroplasts : 5king

A

ONLY PLANTS

73
Q

Flagellum : 5king

A

Bacteria, some animals and some protoctista

74
Q

Decomposers : 5king

A

Fungi, protoctista, bacteria

75
Q

Pathogens : 5king

A

Bacteria, virus, protoctista and fungi

76
Q

Cell wall : no in 5king

A

Virus, protoctista, animals

77
Q

Cell wall : chitin in 5king

78
Q

Cell wall : cellulose in 5king

79
Q

Cell wall : cell wall in 5king

80
Q

Food store as glycogen : 5king

A

animal, fungi

81
Q

Food store as starch grains : 5king

82
Q

Food store - food vacuoles : 5king

A

Protoctista and bacteria

83
Q

Shapes of bacteria

A

spiral, circular and rod shaped

84
Q

What does a balanced diet consists of 7

A
  • Protein
  • Carbohydrates
  • Lipids
  • Minerals
  • Vitamins
  • Fibre
  • Water
85
Q

Carbohydrates : sources

86
Q

Carbohydrates natural sugar

A

Honey, fruit

87
Q

Carbohydrates artificial sugar

A

Cake, choc

88
Q

Carbohydrates starch sugar

A

Pasta, potato, bread

89
Q

Carbohydrates : function

A
  • Main supply of energy

- Glucose required for respiration

90
Q

Carbohydrates : elements

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

91
Q

Carbohydrates are long chains of?

A

Sugar molecules

92
Q

Protein : sources

A

Meat, fish, cheese, eggs, nuts

93
Q

Protein : function

A
  • Growth and repair

- Enzymes and proteins.

94
Q

Protein are long chains of?

A

Amino acid molecules

95
Q

Proteins : elements

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

96
Q

Fibres : sources

A

Plants as food.

Cellulose, plant cell wall

97
Q

Fibres : function

A
  • Human not able to digest cellulose, provide dietary fibre for muscles to push against something.
  • Keeps gut healthy and avoids constipation.
98
Q

Water : sources

A

Drink and food.

99
Q

Water : function

A

Medium for chemical reactions and transport.

100
Q

Calcium : function

A

Healthy teeth and bones

101
Q

Calcium : source

A

dairy products

102
Q

Iron : source

A

red meat, eggs, spinach

103
Q

Iron : function

A

part of haemoglobin in the red blood cells which function in carrying oxygen.

104
Q

Lipid : source

A

Fat : a lipid that is solid at room temp

Oil : a lipid that is liquid at room temp

105
Q

Lipid : function

A
  • Long term store of energy

- Heat insulation

106
Q

Lipid : element

A

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

107
Q

Vitamin A : source

A

Carrots, butter

108
Q

Vitamin A : function

A

make a light-sensitive chemical in the retina of eye.

109
Q

Vitamin A : defiency

A

night blindness.

110
Q

Vitamin C : source

A

fresh fruit and veggies

111
Q

Vitamin C : function

A

make fibres of connective tissues

112
Q

Vitamin C : deficiency

A

bleeding of gums

113
Q

Vitamin D : source

114
Q

Vitamin D : function

A

helps growing bones absorb calcium

115
Q

Vitamin D : deficiency

A

rickets/soft bones

Biology (1 decks)

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