Term 1: Test 1 Flashcards
How did people in South Africa first survive?
People in South Africa first lived by:
Hunting
Fishing
Gathering
What did people of South Africa first gather?
Roots
Berries
Fruit
Honey
What are people called, that hunt and gather?
Hunter-gatherer
Later some people learned how to become farmers, what were they called?
Herders
What did herders herd?
Cattle
Sheep
What are the Hunter-Gatherers of Southern Africa called?
The San
How did we find out about Hunter-Gatherers that lived thousands of years ago?
Stories and objects
Name some of the objects or ways that help us know more about Hunter Gatherers
Arrows Archaeologists Books Digging sticks Observing living societies Rock Paintings Remains of ancient fireplaces
Explain some of the objects that tell us about Hunter-Gatheres
Arrows - They made sharp pieces of stone to cut things. Some pieces were chipped to make a sharp point. These were fastened to thin sticks to make an arrow.
Archaeologists
Books
Digging sticks - San women sharpened sticks to dig for roots. They made holes in stones and fastened them to sticks to dig more easily
Observing living societies - Some San remain in the Kalahari. People visit them to take photographs
Rock Paintings - The San painted on the walls of their caves. The paintings how us how they lived, what they believed and how they healed the sick.
Remains of ancient fireplaces - In each camp was only a few fireplaces. This tells us that only a few families lived together in a community.
How many people lived in a San community?
3 or 4 families
10 to 20 people
Why did the San live in small communities?
There would not be enough food to support large communities.
Did the San use us all the food in the same place?
NO, they were conservationists. They knew the plants would have to increase again the following year.
How did Hunter-Gatherers near the coast live?
They camped near fresh water and collected shellfish.
Explain San hunting
Very old rock paintings tell us that the San hunter with bow and arrow.
Where did the San keep their arrows?
In a Quiver
Where did the San get poison for their arrows?
Plants
snakes
larvae
It could take up a day for the animal to die
Explain San Social Organisation
Everybody was equal. No rich or poor. No chief or leader
Shared meat around a fire, danced and told stories.
Sharing was important. If a group killed an animal, they would all help cut it up.
Children were taught to live peacefully.
How did the San get medicine?
The hoodia Plant.This plant is used nowadays for pills to help people loose weight.
Explain San beliefs and religion
They believed humans could enter the spirit world. They could capture the spirit power of the animal to cure illness, bring rain and animals to hunt.
What was the name of the person who entered the spirit world?
The Shaman
Tell us more about the Shaman
They believed the Eland had the most power. They believed the Shaman used the Eland’s power to cure illness or bring animals to hunt. Also to bring rain.
What country has the most and oldest rock art?
South Africa.
The San lived all over Southern Africa. Their ancient beautiful paintings are found on the walls of caves and rocks.
Where is the oldest painting found?
South Africa from 27 000 years ago
What is most San art about?
Religious art expressing their beliefs about human and animal spirits.
What does the South African Coat of Arms look like?
It contains two figures of people to recognise the first people to live in Southern Africa