Term 1 Revision Flashcards
What is an atom?
An atom is one particle of an element. (smallest part of an element)
What is an element?
An element is one type of atom but there is more that one of the particle/atom.
What is a compound?
A compound is two or more types of atoms chemically bonded together.
What is a mixture?
A mixture is two or more types of atoms not bonded together.
what is a molecule?
atoms joined together by covalent bonds.
What is the atomic number?
The atomic number represents the number of protons/electrons. It is the smallest number in the periodic table.
The type of atom depends by the number of protons.
What is the mass number?
The mass number represents the relative mass of the atoms. It is the number of protons and neutrons.
What is an electron?
An electron is a sub-atomic particle and is negatively charged (-1). It orbits around the nucleus in energy levels. It has a mass of zero (1/2000).
What is an proton?
Protons are positively charges (+1 charged) and has a mass of one. It is found in the nucleus and defines what element the atom is.
What is neutron?
Neutron’s charge is 0, neutral and it has a mass of 1. The neutron is found in the nucleus of the atom.
Why does atoms have no overall charge?
Atoms are neutral this is because the number of protons (positively charged sub-atomic particle) and electrons (negatively charged) are equal, which means the charges cancels out. The neutron is neutral so it does not affect the charge of an atom.
where are electrons found?
Electrons are found in energy levels in atoms.
The electron arrangement shows how electrons are arranged.
First energy level holds 2.
Second is 8
Third is 8
Forth is 18
What does the group tells us?
The group tells us the number of valence electron. So, all elements in the same group has the same number of valence electrons.
What does the period tells us?
The period tells the number of energy levels. So, all elements in the same period have the same number of energy levels.
What is an ion?
An ion is an atom that has gained or lost electrons in order to have a full outer shell so it can be stabilized. Thus, now the atom is charged, becoming an ion.
What is an anion?
An anion is a negatively charged atom. It is non-metal atoms which have gained electrons, becoming negatively charged.
What is an cation?
A cation is a positively charged atom. It is metals that have lost electrons, becoming positively charged.
What is sub-atomic particles?
All atoms have 3 sub-atomic particles: proton, neutron and electron.
What is an isotope?
An isotope is atoms of the same element (same number of protons) but which have different number of neutrons. This gives them a different mass number. This is why mass number is an average.
conductivity
Electrostatic force of attraction
Ionic bond
Melting point
Soluble
