Term 1- MORAL AND ETHICAL DECISION MAKING

Question 0

Christian attitude towards keeping and maintaining life

Answer 0

All life is sacred and should be respected because it is given by god
Any research using embryos is wrong and against the natural law
Cloning- seen as playing god and therefore wrong
Organ donation and blood transfusion- seen as acts of kindness

Question 1

Buddhist attitude towards keeping and maintaining life

Answer 1

The bodhisattva vow- to help all who need help
Transfusions and transplants- Buddhism leaves it to the individual’s choice
Good thing that you help others selflessly
Concerns about experimenting on embryos- consciousness and pain for them

Question 2

Jewish attitude towards keeping and maintaining life

Answer 2

• if one is in the position to be able to donate an organ to save a others life, it is obligatory to do so
• genetic engineering is acceptable to get rid of disease, but not to improve gods creation
• research using live embryos is wrong
• Jews have an obligation to preserve human life; transplants and transfusions are permitted

Question 3

Kohlbergs 3 stages

Answer 3

Pre-conventional level
1. Punishment and obedience
2. Rewards, individual self interest
Conventional
3. Seeking approval/avoiding disapproval with peer group and family
4. Law and order
Post-conventional
5. Interpretation of the law
6. Universal ethical principles

Question 4

Gilligans feminist ethics of care

Answer 4

Stage 1: caring only for the self in order to ensure survival
Stage 2: sense of responsibility. Good is equated with caring for others.
Stage 3: acceptance of the principle of care of self and others as a universal, ethical principle. This approach focuses on real-life consequences, whether positive or negative, rather than a program based on abstract principles.