Term 1 Gr 6 Flashcards
Describe photosynthesis
The process in which a plant makes its own food with carbon dioxide from the air, water from soil and energy from the sun
What is it called when a plant makes its own food
Photosynthesis
What is made by photosynthesis
Glucose sugar
Where on the plant does photosynthesis take place and why
Leaves because they are thin & flat so can absorb the sunlight
When plants make too much glucose sugar what do they change it into
Starch
Why do plants store the starch
For when there is not much sunlight to produce, they take from storage
Name 6 places on a plant where it can store starch
Leaves Stem Roots Flowers Fruit Seeds
Name two reasons why a delicious monster has holes in the leaves
So it can withstand strong winds and the sun can pass through to the other leaves
Why do plants need fertilizer
They can’t produce all the nutrients they need
What are the 3 most important nutrients a plant needs
Nitrogen
Potassium
Phosphorus
Where do the plants get the fertilized nutrients from
The soil
How do the plants get these nutrients from the soil
Water disolves them and the plant absorbs it through its roots
What do plants use from the air during photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide
What do plants give off into the air as waste
Oxygen
Who benefits from the oxygen that plants release
Animals and people
What do people release into the air a waste
Carbon dioxide
What benefits by the carbon dioxide that humans release into the air
Plants
Do plants need to breath, if so when do they breath
Yes at night
What do plants release into the air at NIGHT
Oxen
What do plants release into the air during the day
Oxygen
Why do plants release Carbon dioxide in the day and not at night
Because they are using it for photosynthesis during the day
What are the 4 main food groups
Protein
Carbohydrates
Fats & oils
Vitamins & minerals
What is the function of protein in the body
Growth & repair
What is the function is carbohydrates in the body
Energy
What is the function of fats in the body
Store energy
What is the function of vitamins & minerals in the body
Build health immune system
Give 3 examples of sugary carbohydrates
Sugar
Honey
Dried fruit
Give 3 examples of starchy carbohydrates
Rice
Breat
Potatoes
Give 4 examples of protein
Meat
Fish
Egg
Cheese
Give 3 examples of fats & oils
Butter
Margarine
Nuts
Give 2 examples of food rich in vitamins
Fruit
Vegetable
State 2 foods rich in minerals
Milk
Yoghurt
If food is in a tin, box or sealed pack what is it known as
Processed food
Most processed food has added sodium - also known as
Salt
Most processed foods contain salt and what
Sugar
What are the three additives in processed food
Preservatives
Flavourants
Coloulorants
What does a flavourant do to food
Adds flavour
What does a preservative do to food
Makes it last longer
What do colouring a do to food
Makes it look good to eat
What is a diet
A group of foods a person chooses to eat every day
What is a balanced diet
A diet that has the right amount of nutrients
What else is important in a balanced diet
Water & fibre
Where does fibre help with in our body
Helps with the digestive system
What percentage of water is in an apple
80%
Junk food is high in 3 things what are they
High in sugar
High in fat
High in salt
Does junk food have protein, if so how much
Yes, Very little
Does junk food have additives, if so how much
Yes, lots
State 3 things that makes food fast food
It’s Fried
Quickly prepared
Highly processed
List three food items from the red traffic light diet
Sweets
Chips
Fizzy juice
Hamburgers
List 3 foods from the Orange section of the traffic light diet
Butter Eggs Cheese Bacon Red meat
List 3 foods from the green of the traffic light diet
Fish
Milk / yoghurt
Wholewheat bread
Fresh fruit / veg
What are the worms called that the Limpopo or Botswana people eat
Mopane worms
What goodness do the people get from the mopane worms
Protein
Minerals
Fat
Where do the mopane worms get the nutrients from
The mopane tree
Are some diseases related to a bad diet
Yes
What is tooth decay
When a persons teeth start rotting
What makes acid in a persons mouth
Bacteria
What eats away a teeth that makes holes or cavities
Acids
What does bacteria feed on in your mouth
Sugar
What disease do you get from eating too much sugar foods and fizzy drinks
Diabetes
What is a condition of diabetes
High blood sugar
What do people with diabetes have to do to keep sugar levels low
Inject themselves with insulin
What is obesity
A person that is unhealthily overweight
Obesity can lead to three other diseases, what are they
Diabetes
Heart disease
Hypertension
What is hypertension caused by
Eating too much salt
What is heart disease caused by
Eating too much fat
What are you lacking in your diet if you get kwashiorkor
Protein
What do the people in west Africa believe kwashiorkor means
A sickness that a child gets when another child is born
What makes the child’s stomach swell when they have kwashiorkor
Build up of fluid in the blood
What two protein rich foods are recommended for children to eat
Peanut butter
Milk powder
Give 3 reasons why food is processed
Make it ready to eat
Make it last longer
Improve its nutrient value
What is food processing
Turning raw plant and animal materials into food products
What are fortified foods
Food that have had vitamins and minerals added to improve their nutritional value
What is the most nutritional part of the kernel when making cornflakes
Germ
Why is the germ removed
It’s removed because it’s full of oils that can spoil & develop a horrible taste
What is the hard starch part of the kernel left behind called
Grit
What is cooked with the grit to make it soft & sticky
Malt syrup
What is the process the Xhosa people followed to process their own Mielies
Dry by hanging from ceiling Remove kernel Placed in mortar Sprinkled with water Pounded / stamped
Once peanut shells are removed what happens
They are roasted
Why was peanut butter invented
As a protein For people with no teeth and could not chew meat
What is done to get the peanuts roasted on all sides
The pot is shaken
Why are peanuts quickly cooled after roasting
so that they don’t loose too much oil
What is blanching in the process of making peanut butter
When the skin is removed on a rubber belt
What is removed when the peanuts are split open
Their hearts
What are the peanuts hearts used for
Bird feed
What are the peanut skins used for
Pig food
What is found on maize and peanuts that can cause cancer
A dangerous fungus
What condition can maize and peanuts not have the dangerous fungus grow on them
Dry conditions
What are a further 3 methods to process food
Preparing
Combining
Cooking
List 4 ways of preserving foods
Pickling
Salting
Freezing
Drying
What is preserving foods
Treating it to last longer
What is done in the process of heating
Heated to kill bacteria
What is done when freezing, pickling, drying or salting food
Stop bacteria from growing on food
What happens when pickling food
Salt water or vinegar is added
What is salt water also know as
Brine
What is the process of heating milk called
Paste rising
Why is milk pasteurized
To make it last longer
What is used to ferment foods in processes
Yeast or bacteria
What do we call the method of processing using a good bacteria
Fermenting
What does fermenting food or drinks improve in the it
Improves its nutrient value
List 4 examples of fermented beverages
Amani
Ginger beer
Sorghum beer
Yoghurt
Where was amasi made in the traditional times
In a calabash, hide bag or clay pot
What happens to the milk during the process making amasi
Good bacteria is produced and fights harmful bacteria from infecting it
