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Natural Science Gr 6 > Term 1 Gr 6 > Flashcards

Term 1 Gr 6 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Describe photosynthesis

A

The process in which a plant makes its own food with carbon dioxide from the air, water from soil and energy from the sun

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1
Q

What is it called when a plant makes its own food

A

Photosynthesis

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2
Q

What is made by photosynthesis

A

Glucose sugar

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3
Q

Where on the plant does photosynthesis take place and why

A

Leaves because they are thin & flat so can absorb the sunlight

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4
Q

When plants make too much glucose sugar what do they change it into

A

Starch

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5
Q

Why do plants store the starch

A

For when there is not much sunlight to produce, they take from storage

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6
Q

Name 6 places on a plant where it can store starch

A 
Leaves
Stem
Roots
Flowers
Fruit
Seeds
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7
Q

Name two reasons why a delicious monster has holes in the leaves

A

So it can withstand strong winds and the sun can pass through to the other leaves

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8
Q

Why do plants need fertilizer

A

They can’t produce all the nutrients they need

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9
Q

What are the 3 most important nutrients a plant needs

A

Nitrogen
Potassium
Phosphorus

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10
Q

Where do the plants get the fertilized nutrients from

A

The soil

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11
Q

How do the plants get these nutrients from the soil

A

Water disolves them and the plant absorbs it through its roots

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12
Q

What do plants use from the air during photosynthesis

A

Carbon dioxide

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13
Q

What do plants give off into the air as waste

A

Oxygen

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14
Q

Who benefits from the oxygen that plants release

A

Animals and people

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15
Q

What do people release into the air a waste

A

Carbon dioxide

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16
Q

What benefits by the carbon dioxide that humans release into the air

A

Plants

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17
Q

Do plants need to breath, if so when do they breath

A

Yes at night

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18
Q

What do plants release into the air at NIGHT

A

Oxen

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19
Q

What do plants release into the air during the day

A

Oxygen

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20
Q

Why do plants release Carbon dioxide in the day and not at night

A

Because they are using it for photosynthesis during the day

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21
Q

What are the 4 main food groups

A

Protein
Carbohydrates
Fats & oils
Vitamins & minerals

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22
Q

What is the function of protein in the body

A

Growth & repair

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23
Q

What is the function is carbohydrates in the body

A

Energy

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24
Q

What is the function of fats in the body

A

Store energy

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25
Q

What is the function of vitamins & minerals in the body

A

Build health immune system

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26
Q

Give 3 examples of sugary carbohydrates

A

Sugar
Honey
Dried fruit

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27
Q

Give 3 examples of starchy carbohydrates

A

Rice
Breat
Potatoes

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28
Q

Give 4 examples of protein

A

Meat
Fish
Egg
Cheese

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29
Q

Give 3 examples of fats & oils

A

Butter
Margarine
Nuts

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30
Q

Give 2 examples of food rich in vitamins

A

Fruit

Vegetable

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31
Q

State 2 foods rich in minerals

A

Milk

Yoghurt

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32
Q

If food is in a tin, box or sealed pack what is it known as

A

Processed food

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33
Q

Most processed food has added sodium - also known as

A

Salt

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34
Q

Most processed foods contain salt and what

A

Sugar

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35
Q

What are the three additives in processed food

A

Preservatives
Flavourants
Coloulorants

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36
Q

What does a flavourant do to food

A

Adds flavour

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37
Q

What does a preservative do to food

A

Makes it last longer

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38
Q

What do colouring a do to food

A

Makes it look good to eat

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39
Q

What is a diet

A

A group of foods a person chooses to eat every day

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40
Q

What is a balanced diet

A

A diet that has the right amount of nutrients

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41
Q

What else is important in a balanced diet

A

Water & fibre

42
Q

Where does fibre help with in our body

A

Helps with the digestive system

43
Q

What percentage of water is in an apple

A

80%

44
Q

Junk food is high in 3 things what are they

A

High in sugar
High in fat
High in salt

45
Q

Does junk food have protein, if so how much

A

Yes, Very little

46
Q

Does junk food have additives, if so how much

A

Yes, lots

47
Q

State 3 things that makes food fast food

A

It’s Fried
Quickly prepared
Highly processed

48
Q

List three food items from the red traffic light diet

A

Sweets
Chips
Fizzy juice
Hamburgers

49
Q

List 3 foods from the Orange section of the traffic light diet

A 
Butter
Eggs
Cheese
Bacon
Red meat
50
Q

List 3 foods from the green of the traffic light diet

A

Fish
Milk / yoghurt
Wholewheat bread
Fresh fruit / veg

51
Q

What are the worms called that the Limpopo or Botswana people eat

A

Mopane worms

52
Q

What goodness do the people get from the mopane worms

A

Protein
Minerals
Fat

53
Q

Where do the mopane worms get the nutrients from

A

The mopane tree

54
Q

Are some diseases related to a bad diet

A

Yes

55
Q

What is tooth decay

A

When a persons teeth start rotting

56
Q

What makes acid in a persons mouth

A

Bacteria

57
Q

What eats away a teeth that makes holes or cavities

A

Acids

58
Q

What does bacteria feed on in your mouth

A

Sugar

59
Q

What disease do you get from eating too much sugar foods and fizzy drinks

A

Diabetes

60
Q

What is a condition of diabetes

A

High blood sugar

61
Q

What do people with diabetes have to do to keep sugar levels low

A

Inject themselves with insulin

62
Q

What is obesity

A

A person that is unhealthily overweight

63
Q

Obesity can lead to three other diseases, what are they

A

Diabetes
Heart disease
Hypertension

64
Q

What is hypertension caused by

A

Eating too much salt

65
Q

What is heart disease caused by

A

Eating too much fat

66
Q

What are you lacking in your diet if you get kwashiorkor

A

Protein

67
Q

What do the people in west Africa believe kwashiorkor means

A

A sickness that a child gets when another child is born

68
Q

What makes the child’s stomach swell when they have kwashiorkor

A

Build up of fluid in the blood

69
Q

What two protein rich foods are recommended for children to eat

A

Peanut butter

Milk powder

70
Q

Give 3 reasons why food is processed

A

Make it ready to eat
Make it last longer
Improve its nutrient value

71
Q

What is food processing

A

Turning raw plant and animal materials into food products

72
Q

What are fortified foods

A

Food that have had vitamins and minerals added to improve their nutritional value

73
Q

What is the most nutritional part of the kernel when making cornflakes

A

Germ

74
Q

Why is the germ removed

A

It’s removed because it’s full of oils that can spoil & develop a horrible taste

75
Q

What is the hard starch part of the kernel left behind called

A

Grit

76
Q

What is cooked with the grit to make it soft & sticky

A

Malt syrup

77
Q

What is the process the Xhosa people followed to process their own Mielies

A 
Dry by hanging from ceiling
Remove kernel
Placed in mortar
Sprinkled with water
Pounded / stamped
78
Q

Once peanut shells are removed what happens

A

They are roasted

79
Q

Why was peanut butter invented

A

As a protein For people with no teeth and could not chew meat

80
Q

What is done to get the peanuts roasted on all sides

A

The pot is shaken

81
Q

Why are peanuts quickly cooled after roasting

A

so that they don’t loose too much oil

82
Q

What is blanching in the process of making peanut butter

A

When the skin is removed on a rubber belt

83
Q

What is removed when the peanuts are split open

A

Their hearts

84
Q

What are the peanuts hearts used for

A

Bird feed

85
Q

What are the peanut skins used for

A

Pig food

86
Q

What is found on maize and peanuts that can cause cancer

A

A dangerous fungus

87
Q

What condition can maize and peanuts not have the dangerous fungus grow on them

A

Dry conditions

88
Q

What are a further 3 methods to process food

A

Preparing
Combining
Cooking

89
Q

List 4 ways of preserving foods

A

Pickling
Salting
Freezing
Drying

90
Q

What is preserving foods

A

Treating it to last longer

91
Q

What is done in the process of heating

A

Heated to kill bacteria

92
Q

What is done when freezing, pickling, drying or salting food

A

Stop bacteria from growing on food

93
Q

What happens when pickling food

A

Salt water or vinegar is added

94
Q

What is salt water also know as

A

Brine

95
Q

What is the process of heating milk called

A

Paste rising

96
Q

Why is milk pasteurized

A

To make it last longer

97
Q

What is used to ferment foods in processes

A

Yeast or bacteria

98
Q

What do we call the method of processing using a good bacteria

A

Fermenting

99
Q

What does fermenting food or drinks improve in the it

A

Improves its nutrient value

100
Q

List 4 examples of fermented beverages

A

Amani
Ginger beer
Sorghum beer
Yoghurt

101
Q

Where was amasi made in the traditional times

A

In a calabash, hide bag or clay pot

102
Q

What happens to the milk during the process making amasi

A

Good bacteria is produced and fights harmful bacteria from infecting it

Natural Science Gr 6 (1 decks)

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