Term 1 Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the order of electron shells?

A

2,8,8,8

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2
Q

Why are Group 1 elements so reactive with group 7?

A

Group 1 elements have a single electron on their outer shell and Group 7 elements are missing one electron on their outer shell.

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3
Q

Reactivity in Group 1 _______ as you go down

A

Increases

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4
Q

Reactivity in Group 7 _______ as you go down

A

Decreases

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5
Q

What are the relative charges of Protons, Neutrons and Electrons

A

Proton: +1
Neutron: 0/Neutral
Electron: -1

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6
Q

What is the relative mass of a Proton, Neutron and Electron

A

Proton: 1
Neutron: 1
Electron: Almost 0

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7
Q

Where are the Protons, Neutrons and Electrons found in the atom

A

Proton: Nucleus
Neutron: Nucleus
Electron: Energy levels

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8
Q

What are Isotopes

A

Atoms of the same element which have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

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9
Q

What is relative atomic mass

A

The average mass of an element compared to a standard mass

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10
Q

Which is the mass number?

A

The larger number (usually at the top.) Take away the atomic number and you’ll get the number of neutrons

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11
Q

Which is the atomic number?

A

The smaller number (usually at the bottom or below the element symbol.) The atomic number is equal to the number of protons AND electrons

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12
Q

Describe the plum pudding model of the atom

A

The plum pudding model is a model of the atom that says there is a large positive charge around the atom inside of which there are negative charges (we’d call these electrons.)

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13
Q

Describe the atomic model of the atom

A

The atomic model is the model that we use today. It has a nucleus made of neutrons and protons surrounded by orbital electrons in electron shells

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14
Q

Will and atom have an overall charge?

A

No!!!!!! The electrons and protons are balanced so 10 electrons (negatively charged) plus 10 protons (positively charged) will equal an overall charge of 0

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15
Q

Name 4 ways to separate mixtures

A

Crystallisation, Distillation, Chromatography and Evaporation

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16
Q

What is crystallisation?

A

Crystallisation uses the natural evaporation of liquids to increase the saturation of a mixture until the point of crystallisation when solids begin to form

17
Q

What is filtration

A

A solution containing an insoluble solid is poured over a fine mesh (filter paper) that catches the solid particles and let’s the solvent pass through

18
Q

What is chromatography

A

Paper Chromatography is used when separating coloured mixtures. A dot of the mixture is placed on chromatography paper in the middle of the strip. The end of the paper is placed into a solvent that is drawn up the paper and dissolves the different substances differently meaning some get pulled up faster than others.