term 1 chemistry

Question 1

Periodic table - periods

Answer 1

horizontal lines, shows how many valency shells the atom has.

Question 2

periodic tables - groups

Answer 2

vertical columns, shows how many electrons in the valency shell.

Question 3

the law of conservation of mass

Answer 3

during a chemical reaction, atoms cannot be created nor destroyed

Question 4

anions

Answer 4

negatively charged, has more electrons than protons. (-ide suffix, placed after cations in equations)

Question 5

cations

Answer 5

positively charged, has more protons than electrons.

Question 6

factors that affect the rate of reaction - temperature - eg.

Answer 6

increases the speed of particles increase causing particles to collide faster and harder

Question 7

factors that affect the rate of reaction - concentration -eg.

Answer 7

more likely to collide

Question 8

factors that affect the rate of reaction - agitation -eg.

Answer 8

stirring substances speeds up reaction

Question 9

factors that affect the rate of reaction - surface area - eg.

Answer 9

the more surface area the more it can interact with another substance.

Question 10

factors that affect the rate of reaction - catalyst -eg.

Answer 10

“chemical helper” - reduces the amount of energy required eg. enzymes

Question 11

materials - metals (bonds)

Answer 11

positively charged cations, they lose electrons

Question 12

materials - non-metals (bonds)

Answer 12

negatively charged anions, they gain electrons

Question 13

materials - ionic compounds (bonds)

Answer 13

substances made up of crystal lattice (positive ions (anions) and negative ions (cations))

Question 14

ionic formula

Answer 14

metal ion + non-metal ion = ionic compund

Question 15

the pattern of how many electrons in each shell (20)

Answer 15

2,8,8,2