Term 1 Flashcards
To understand the circulatory system, blood, cells, gas exchange, heart rate etc
Which blood vessels are going to and from the heart?
Veins - back to heart
Arteries - from heart
What is the formula for cellular respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen → Water + ATP + Carbon Dioxide
Aorta
From heart to body tissues
Superior Vena cava
Deoxy blood from upper body to heart
Inferior Vena Cava
Deoxy blood from lower body to heart
Pulmonary artery
Deoxy blood from heart to lungs
Cadiac artery
Oxy blood from aorta to supply blood to heart tissue
Cardiac veins
Deoxy blood from heart tissue to the right atrium
Carotid arteries
Takes oxy blood to head from heart
Jugular veins
Deoxy blood from head to superior Vena cava
Subclavian veins
Takes deoxy blood from arms to heart
Mesenteric arteries
Oxy blood to intestines from heart
Hepatic portal vein
Blood from intestines to liver
Hepatic vein
Deoxy Blood from liver to heart
Renal arteries
Supply blood to kidneys
Renal veins
Take blood away from kidneys
Lliac arteries
Takes oxy blood to legs
Lliac veins
Takes deoxy blood from legs to posterior Vena cava
Exhalation process
- Diaphragm relaxes and moves up, intercoastal muscles collapse
- Decreased volume of chest cavity
- Lungs deflate
- Exhalation
- Air forced out of alveoli into bronchioles
- Air moves from bronchioles to bronchi
- Air moves from bronchi into trachea (air cooled)
- Air travels past larynx, epiglottis and pharynx
- Air forces out of body
Inhalation process
- Diaphragm contracts and moves down, intercoastal muscles expand
- Increase in volume of chest cavity
- Lungs expand creating vacuum effect
- Inhalation
- Air moistened and warmed as travels through nose
- Air moves past epiglottis, larynx and pharynx
- Air filtered, moistened and warmed as passes down trachea
- Air travels from trachea to bronchi
- Air into bronchioles
- Air reaches alveoli
What is partial pressure
Concentration of gas (mm Hg)
How is O2 transported
98% of O2 is bonded to haemoglobin in the red blood cells
1.5% dissolved into plasma
What is a high PP
Above 40mm Hg
The oxygen dissociation curve shows that…?
The more you exercise the PP of O2 is your cells is low, and the saturation of the haemoglobin is low, it is uploading more oxygen to the active cells
What are the three ways CO2 is transported from the body to the lungs?
60% bicarbonate
30% carbaminohaemoglobin
10% dissolved in plasma
How is bicarbonate formed?
When C02 (waste from cellular respiration) combines w H2O
How is carbaminohaemoglobin formed?
When CO2 combines w unoxygenated haemoglobin
Formula for buffer system:
CO2 + H2O H2CO3 HCO3- + H+
Buffer system: what why how
- pH of blood affects other variables in the body, is important it stays at right pH level
- if the pH drops (acidic) system goes LR
- is part of homeostasis
