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Conflict and the Social Context > Term 1 > Flashcards

Term 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is an anthropological subset

A

things such as religion, politics, kinship, gender, etc

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2
Q

religion deals with…

A

beliefs, worldview, meaning of life, ethics, lifestyle

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3
Q

Who said religion is “something eminently social”?

A

Emile Durkheim

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4
Q

What is the anthropological definition of relion?

A

belief in supernatural power, symbolic expression of feelings and rituals performed in order to influence the non-human realm (crapo 1993)

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5
Q

Who came up with universal obsessional neurosis?

A

Sigmund Freud?

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6
Q

What is universal obsessional neurosis?

A

cosmic projection. replaying of our love/fear relationships with our parents

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7
Q

Who believed religion results from the economic system?

A

Karl Marx

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8
Q

Karl Marx is the narrative of the…

A

ruling elite and an unjust social system, justifying oppression

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9
Q

what is the connection between religion and the public realm?

A

determines the social order

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10
Q

Western Christendom was the

A

Roman Catholic Church

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11
Q

What was the centre of religious and social life

A

the roman catholic church

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12
Q

Centrality, leadership,dominance in land ownership and the clergy are all what the …. had to function

A

Roman Catholic Church

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13
Q

What was the clergy

A

the educated class, both working for the kings and working as intermediaries between the landed and the masses

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14
Q

What problems does the clergy create

A

power struggles between spiritual and temporal leaders. The struggle between popes and kings

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15
Q

When did the modern age begin?

A

1500’s

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16
Q

Renaissance Humanism brought upon 4 progresses

A

beginning of question, growth of latin greek philosophy and science, criticism of medieval models of authority and morality and new styles of cultural production through art and literature

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17
Q

The protestant reformation started with an act of protest through…

A

martin luther’s 95 thesis and nailed them to the door

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18
Q

2 main ways Martin Luther changed the course of history

A

upset a church that had ruled for a thousand years and set in motion a sequence of revolution, war and conflict that would reshape wester civilization and bring on the modern era

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19
Q

Luther’s story is an account of:

A

the birth of the modern age, the collapse of medieval feudalism and the beginning of the ideals of freedom and liberty that are at the core of the 21 century

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20
Q

2 ways Luther attacked churches practice of selling indulgences in the famous 95 thesis

A

a criticism of the popes purpose in raising the money and a straightforward concern for his flock

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21
Q

Thomas More wrote a book called

A

Utopia - a perfect place, yet no place

22
Q

Thomas More quesitons the

A

status quo, speaking of a work of equality and balanced religion

23
Q

Other powerful forces acting in europe at the time

A

The printing press and the discovery of the new world

24
Q

Who is vespucci?

A

he explored the coast of south america and his letters and notes were immediately printed

25
Q

Two genres of the new world books

A

Happy utopian and sensational/unahppy

26
Q

3 occurrences of secularism in the late 17th century include

A

the enlightenment/the age of reason, reason and individualism will overtake tradition and faith and the questioning of the power of religion over people

27
Q

What is cognate ergo sum? Who said this?

A

I think, therefore I am, René Descartes

28
Q

What clearly articulates freedoms, follows the pathways of logic, tests conclusions and defends the natural freedom of all?

A

rationalism

29
Q

Rationalism ushers in the age of the….. based upon…..

A

public sphere based upon egalitarianism and concern for the common good

30
Q

Who believes that all mankind being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty or possessions?

A

John Locke

31
Q

What does Immanuel Kant believe?

A

there is nothing higher than reason

32
Q

The clergy competes with

A

other public authorities

33
Q

Secularism can oddly be seen as purifying the religious sphere because…

A

it gets rid of earthly matters and removes the corrupting forces of institutional powers interfering with spiritual matters

34
Q

What is another word for multi faith and coexistence?

A

abstract faith

35
Q

What is abstract faith for action?

A

secular not at odds with religion, more about interfaith dialogue, for real change there needs more than the blessing of a higher power and a science that does not corrupt inner spiritual values

36
Q

José Casonoca provides these three useful connotations of secular

A

Decline of religious beliefs and practices, privatization of religion and differentiation of the secular spheres

37
Q

Secularity could be said to be a trademark to ……

A

capitalism

38
Q

Capitalism and secularism leaves religious organizations to….

A

rejection or adaptation

39
Q

Why does the concept of official rejection of secularity not make sense?

A

people become rebellious and yet still participate in the economy

40
Q

A highly secularized world necessarily implies survival by ….. of religious groups

A

adaptation

41
Q

A decline of religion can be shown in

A

official state policies against head scarves, gay rights, abortion, tackling poverty

42
Q

What is a multi faith organization

A

church groups working and cooperating together

43
Q

…. did have secularizing effects, but its convoked serious counter-secularizing processes

A

modernization

44
Q

traditionalist/orthodoc/conservative religiosity is on the rise through

A

islamic fundamentalism and christian fundamentalism

45
Q

Fundamentalism is

A

counter secularism

46
Q

what is the zeitgeist

A

the defining mood of a particular period

47
Q

3 things that make up the concept of certainty

A

modernity calls all things into question eliminating certain truth, uncertainty is hard to bear, people support movements that’ll promise certainty

48
Q

2 distinctions between official and individual secularism

A

loss of religious influence in public sphere as well as old and new relies practices continue to be powerful elements in people’s lives

49
Q

2 exceptions in the fundamental general trend

A

western europe and western academic culture

50
Q

Why is there continued resilience of religion in a modern, rational world?

A

we inhabit a world system that is disempowering and exploitative for the masses, political and economic marginality abound and religion is a powerful social institution for empowering and meaning in our unjust world

Conflict and the Social Context (1 decks)

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