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350 > Term 1 > Flashcards

Term 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Annular

A

Circular

Begins in Center and spreads out

Ex. Ringworm

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2
Q

Confluent

A

Legions that merge together

Ex. Hives

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3
Q

Discrete

A

Distinct and individual lesions remaining separate

Ex. Mole or wart

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4
Q

Linear

A

Streak or strike

Ex. Scratch

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5
Q

Polycyclic

A

Annular lesions growing together

Ex. Psoriasis

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6
Q

Zosteriform

A

Linear lesion arrangement along a nerve route

Ex. Shingles or herpes

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7
Q

Grouped

A

Cluster of lesions

Ex. Contact dermatitis

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8
Q

Gyrate

A

Twisted or spiraled lesion

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9
Q

Target (iris)

A

Concentric rings of colour

Ex. Lime disease

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10
Q

What is a primary lesion

A

A lesion developed on previously normal skin

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11
Q

Macule

A

Flat and self contained lesion

Less than 1 cm

Ex. Freckle or mole

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12
Q

Patch

A

Macule greater than 1cm

Ex. Cafe ola or Mongolian spot

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13
Q

Papule

A

Solid self contained thickening in epidermis

Less than 1cm

Ex elevated mole or wart

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14
Q

Plaque

A

Papules joined together; disk-like lesions

Wider than 1cm

Ex Psoriasis

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15
Q

Nodule

A

Solid elevated, may extend deeper to dermis and be above or below dermis

Greater than 1cm

Ex skin tag or fibroma

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16
Q

Tumour

A

Extended deeper to dermis

Larger than 2cm

Ex hemangioma

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17
Q

Wheal

A

Superficial and raised; slightly more irregular than edema

Ex mosquito bite or allergic reaction

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18
Q

Urticaria (hives)

A

Wheals that join together to give be an extended reaction

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19
Q

Vesicle (blister)

A

Elevated cavity containing fluid

1cm or less

Ex early chicken pox or shingles

20
Q

Bulla

A

Usually single chambered wall of fluid

Greater than 1cm

Ex friction blister or burns

21
Q

Cyst

A

Encapsulated fluid in the dermis or subcutaneous tissue, elevated

Ex sebaceous cyst

22
Q

Pustule

A

Self-contained cavity filled with pus

Ex. Acne

23
Q

What is a secondary lesion

A

Change from primary lesion over time

24
Q

Crust

A

Thickened dried out exodate left from vesicles or pustules burst or dried out

25
Q

Scale

A

Dry or greasy flakes of skin from shedding of dead excess keratin cells

Ex dry skin, excema, psoriasis

26
Q

Fissure

A

Linear cracked, abrupt edges, extends to dermis

Ex cracked at side of mouth or from dry skin

27
Q

Erosion

A

Superficial depression to dermis. Stays in epidermis so moist but no bleeding; no scar

Ex dermatitis or abrasion

28
Q

Ulcer

A

Deeper depression to dermis, irregular shape, may bleed and leaves scar

Ex pressure sore or canker

29
Q

Excoriation

A

Self inflicted abrasion, sometimes crusted from itching or scratching, picking of pimples; scar with healing

30
Q

Scar

A

Made of collagen or connective tissue replacing normal tissue after lesion

31
Q

Atrophic scar

A

Depression of skin level from loss of skin tissue, thinning of epidermis

Ex Stria or stretch marks

32
Q

Lichenification

A

Thickening of the skin with production of tight papules; caused by prolonged scratching

Looks like moss or lichen

33
Q

Keloid

A

Elevation from excess collagen during wound healing; may increase after healing incures

34
Q

What are the vascular lesions

A

Hemangiomas, telangiectases, purpuric lesions

35
Q

Hemangiomas

A

Caused by benign proliferation of blood vessels in the dermis

36
Q

Port wine stain

A

Large flat macular patch covering scalp or face

Present at birth and usually doesn’t fade

37
Q

Strawberry mark

A

Raised red area with well defined borders; formed from immature capillaries, present at birth, and develop during the first few months of life but disappear from 5-7

Usually 2-3 cm

38
Q

Cavernous hemangioma

A

Reddish blue irregularly shaped solid mass of BVs

May be present within the first year of life and don’t go away on their own

39
Q

Telangiectases

A

Appearance of BVs on the surface of skin

40
Q

Telangiectasia

A

BVs are permanently enlarged and dilated

Known as spider veins

41
Q

Spider or star angioma

A

Red shaped marking with solid circular center; left of capillaries extend from center

42
Q

Venous lake

A

Dilation of smaller BVs in a star like linear pattern

Usually near varicose veins; most common in older people

43
Q

What are Purpuric lesions

A

Caused by blood leaking out of vessels

RBCs and blood pigments are deposited into tissue

44
Q

Petechiae

A

Tiny punctite hemorrhages- from bleeding of superficial capillaries in skin

45
Q

Purpura

A

Excessive patch of confluent petechiae greater than 3mm in size

Can cause thrombocytopenia- low platelets

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