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Grade 6: History > Term 1 > Flashcards

Term 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Changes in societies in the Limpopo valley:

Happened in

A

900-1300 AD

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2
Q

Changes in societies in the Limpopo valley:Farmers in the Limpopo valley

880 AD

what happened then

A

Farmers lived here

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3
Q

Changes in societies in the Limpopo valley:Farmers in the Limpopo valley

Famers mainly kept what - why

A

Cattle - area was dry

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4
Q

Changes in societies in the Limpopo valley:Farmers in the Limpopo valley

Managed to grow what crops

A

Sorghum and cotton

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5
Q

Changes in societies in the Limpopo valley:Farmers in the Limpopo valley

Lived in what

A

Small villages

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6
Q

Changes in societies in the Limpopo valley:Farmers in the Limpopo valley

After 900 AD

what happened

A

Life began to change for farmers in this area

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7
Q

Changes in societies in the Limpopo valley:Farmers in the Limpopo valley

How

-did it change

A

Larger settlements + people became more powerful than others

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8
Q

Changes in societies in the Limpopo valley: Trade activity- 900 -1300 AD

Traded with who

A

Swahili traders

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9
Q

Changes in societies in the Limpopo valley: Trade activity- 900 -1300 AD

Came down from …

swahili traders came down from …

A

East coast of Africa

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10
Q

Changes in societies in the Limpopo valley: Trade activity- 900 -1300 AD

Was an important … … for … and …

was = trading

A

Important comercial network for Europe and Africa

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11
Q

Changes in societies in the Limpopo valley: Trade activity- 900 -1300 AD

Leart about each others …

when trading

A

Cultures

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12
Q

Changes in societies in the Limpopo valley: Trade activity- 900 -1300 AD

Cultures

is what

A

shared songs, languages, cooking/types of foods

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13
Q

Changes in societies in the Limpopo valley: Trade activity- 900 -1300 AD

Customs

is what

A

shared their way of life / traditions

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14
Q

Changes in societies in the Limpopo valley: Trade activity- 900 -1300 AD

Crafts

is what

A

Shared how to make goods - usually for selling

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15
Q

Changes in societies in the Limpopo valley: Trade activity- 900 -1300 AD

Sent trades on … … and …

Boats

A

Swahili dhows and arob dhows

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16
Q

Settlement in Lim. Valley before Mapung.: Evidence of trade - k2+schroda

K2 - place where what was found by who and where

A

A midden, by archaeologists, from a town where people lived

(from 900 - 1300 AD)

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17
Q

Settlement in Lim. Valley before Mapung.: Evidence of trade - k2+schroda

Midden

is what

A

Rubbish dump

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18
Q

Settlement in Lim. Valley before Mapung.: Evidence of trade - k2+schroda

Shroda

Name of what

A

A modern day farm where archaeologists found more important evidence

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19
Q

Settlement in Lim. Valley before Mapung.: Evidence of trade - k2+schroda

What was also found at k2 and schroda

A

thousands of glass beads

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20
Q

Settlement in Lim. Valley before Mapung.: Evidence of trade - k2+schroda

Where did glass beads come from - how long ago

A

India - 1000 years ago

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21
Q

Settlement in Lim. Valley before Mapung.: Evidence of trade - k2+schroda

How do we know where glass beads came from

A

We have two clues

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22
Q

Settlement in Lim. Valley before Mapung.: Evidence of trade - k2+schroda

Archaeologists found small pieces of … from … and … large … …

(clue 1)

A

Ivory, cutting, shaping, elephant tusks

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23
Q

Settlement in Lim. Valley before Mapung.: Evidence of trade - k2+schroda

Who became more powerful and why/how

(clue 2)

A

The Zhizo people, controlled the trade

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24
Q

Settlement in Lim. Valley before Mapung.: Evidence of trade - k2+schroda

Leaders used people to mine .. and to carry it with .. and … to the ..

A

Mine gold, with ivory and rhino horn to the coast

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25
Q

Settlement in Lim. Valley before Mapung.: Evidence of trade - k2+schroda

Farmers began to live where and around who

A

Began to live closer together in small towns around more powerful leaders

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26
Q

Mapungubwe: 1st state in Southern Africa - 1220 - 1300 AD

Leaders from K2 - became more … and soon were … a large … - …

A

Powerful, ruling a large kingdom called Mapugubwe kingdom

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27
Q

Mapungubwe: 1st state in Southern Africa - 1220 - 1300 AD

What was the king called

A

Mambo

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28
Q

Mapungubwe: significance of Mapungubwe hill

1220 AD - there was a … that caused …

A

A drought that caused tension between people in the kingdom

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29
Q

Mapungubwe: significance of Mapungubwe hill

What did king do about the drought

A

Decided to show his power by moving from the other people

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30
Q

Mapungubwe: significance of Mapungubwe hill

Where did he move

A

To the top of the Mapug. hill - just behind the K2 settlement

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31
Q

Mapungubwe: significance of Mapungubwe hill

What did his followers carry to the top of the hill and why

A

Sand - level it

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32
Q

Mapungubwe: significance of Mapungubwe hill

Who moved up with him

A

His wives, senior sister/diviner, advisers, healers and guards

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33
Q

Mapungubwe: King and sacred leadership

Who did the king have a special relationship with and what did it do

(they believed)

A

The gods and ancestors - gave him special right to rule

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34
Q

Mapungubwe: King and sacred leadership

What did moving remind everyone

A

That he had control over rain for crops, floods and drought

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35
Q

Mapungubwe: First stone-walled palace

What did the king build and why

A

Stone walls to screen off his homestead from the townspeople below.

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36
Q

Mapungubwe: First stone-walled palace

What did he emphasis and how

(he = king)

A

That he was more important than ordinary people making sure it was difficult to get to him

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37
Q

Mapungubwe: First stone-walled palace

How to access the king

(to get on the hill)

A

Climbing 1 of 3 ladders in the rock wall of the hill

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38
Q

Mapungubwe:Golden objects-symbols of royal power + political leadership

What was on top of hill

A

A burial ground

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39
Q

Mapungubwe:Golden objects-symbols of royal power + political leadership

Who was buried on top of hill and why

A

Royal family, making sure it stayed a special place

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40
Q

Mapungubwe:Golden objects-symbols of royal power + political leadership

What are royal fam. bodies buried with what and was a symbol of …

A

golden objects - symbol of the power of the king and family

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41
Q

Mapungubwe:Golden objects-symbols of royal power + political leadership

What did the golden objects also show

A

That he was richer than any of his subjects who lived in the town below and the surrounding area as farmers

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42
Q

Mapungubwe:Golden objects-symbols of royal power + political leadership

Gold - owned by who - symbolised what

A

Only by rich people, smbolised power

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43
Q

Mapungubwe:Golden objects-symbols of royal power + political leadership

3 objects made of gold found at the top of the hill

A
  • Golden bowl
  • Sceptre - held by king- showed he was powerful/important
  • Rhino - rhinos were a sign of power/importance
44
Q

Mapungubwe: An organised state

The farmers had to pay … - why

A

Tribute - to local chief - to king, who built a large stone palace

45
Q

Mapungubwe: An organised state

Tribute

-is what - what did farmers get out of it

A

System of tax for the king - who in return looked after farmers in time of drought or war.

46
Q

Mapungubwe: An organised state

Where was tribute also common

A

Egypt

47
Q

Mapungubwe: First Town

Who lived with the king on the slopes

A

The wealthy and elite people

48
Q

Mapungubwe: First Town

Where did the rest live and how many of them were there

(the rest = not the wealthy/elite people)

A

A town at the bottom of the hill - 5000 people

49
Q

Mapungubwe: First Town

Why could the town not grow

(below the hill)

A

There were 2 natural rock walls on the N. and S. side of the town

50
Q

Mapungubwe: First Town

Where did many people live and why

-the people that lived on the bottom of the hill

A

Along the banks of the Limpopo river - provided water for their farms

51
Q

Mapungubwe: Distinct Social classes

Who was most elite group then who followed

(Distinct Social classes = not that inportant)

A

Royal family then religious leaders

52
Q

Mapungubwe: Distinct Social classes

What did the king’s sister do

(Distinct Social classes = not that important)

A

Probably chief diviner

53
Q

Mapungubwe: Distinct Social classes

Diviner

-is what

(Distinct Social classes = not that important)

A

Person who foretells the future

54
Q

Mapungubwe: Distinct Social classes

Who made special metals like … , … , … , …

(Distinct Social classes = not that important)

A

Men of high staus made copper, gold, iron and brass

55
Q

Mapungubwe: Distinct Social classes

How was metal made

(Distinct Social classes = not that important)

A

Rock containing the metal was heated at very high temp. until gold/iron was seperated from rock.
Precious metals were heated again and beaten into shape

56
Q

Mapungubwe: Distinct Social classes

Copper made into ..

A

Objects and jewellery to trade

57
Q

Mapungubwe: Distinct Social classes

Who could handle/wear gold

(Distinct Social classes = not that important)

A

People of very high status

58
Q

Mapungubwe: Distinct Social classes

Iron - made what

(Distinct Social classes = not that important)

A

Arrowheads, adzes, chisels and axes

59
Q

Mapungubwe: Distinct Social classes

Arrowheads

-for what

(Distinct Social classes = not that important)

A

For hunting

60
Q

Mapungubwe: Distinct Social classes

Adzes

-is what

(Distinct Social classes = not that important)

A

Tool for smoothing and carving wood

61
Q

Mapungubwe: Distinct Social classes

What did people use if they couldn’t aford iron tools

(Distinct Social classes = not that important)

A

Poor people had to use bone and stone tools for farming

62
Q

Mapung.: Trade across Africa, Indian Ocean and beyond - goods traded

1220 - mambo controlled ….

Complete sentence

A

Mamba controlled the trade from the Limpopo Valley to the east coast

63
Q

Mapung.: Trade across Africa, Indian Ocean and beyond - goods traded

Traders from Mapungubwe trade ….. with other … and … …

-complete sentence

A

Pottery, iron and stone with other farmers and hunter-gathers in the area

64
Q

Mapung.: Trade across Africa, Indian Ocean and beyond - goods traded

Trade with the … and … traders on east coast did what do the kingdom

A

Swahili and the Arab traders enriched the kingdom

65
Q

Mapung.: Trade across Africa, Indian Ocean and beyond - goods traded

People from Mapung. brought …, … and …

A

Gold, copper and ivory

66
Q

Mapung.: Trade across Africa, Indian Ocean and beyond - goods traded

Where did gold come from

A

Mostly came from Limpopo River in (what we call now) Zimbabwe

67
Q

Mapung.: Trade across Africa, Indian Ocean and beyond - goods traded

What were the goods traded for

A

Beads - very rare - great value

68
Q

Mapung.: Trade across Africa, Indian Ocean and beyond - goods traded

Beads - used by who - gave what

(very important)

A

Used by wealthy people to buy cattle. Cattle could be exchanged for brides - gave children - worked fields and look after cattle

(process repeats)

69
Q

Mapung.: People’s journeys on foot: routes; dangers; finding the way

Why was the Limp. river so useful

A

Was a useful route for traders as it led them to a trading port - Chibuene. Didn’t have to carry water walking along the banks which lightened their loads

70
Q

Mapung.: People’s journeys on foot: routes; dangers; finding the way

Bearers carried the trade on ….. - for hong long

A

On their heads - hundreds of miles

71
Q

Mapung.: People’s journeys on foot: routes; dangers; finding the way

How did bearers prevent hunger

A

Wearing “hunger belts”

72
Q

Mapung.: People’s journeys on foot: routes; dangers; finding the way

How do hunger belts work

A

Pulled tight around waists when food was short to stop feeling hungry

73
Q

Mapung.: People’s journeys on foot: routes; dangers; finding the way

Other dangers other than hunger

A

Wild animals + flooding rivers

74
Q

Change and continuity in East coast trade with setlements inland

By 1300 what had happened

(Not that important)

A

KIng and his court had left the hill at Mapugubwe. The town also began to dissappear.

75
Q

Change and continuity in East coast trade with setlements inland

what was 1 of the reasons for the kingdom ending

(Not that important)

A

Traders from the east coast began to travel along Zambezi river - North of the Limpopo

76
Q

Change and continuity in East coast trade with setlements inland

What took the kingdoms place

(Not that important)

A

A new, even larger state - Great Zimbabwe

77
Q

Change and continuity in East coast trade with setlements inland

Where did the east coast trade now go

(when the new kingdom emerged)

(Not that important)

A

They went to and from a new capital city

78
Q

Change and continuity in East coast trade with setlements inland

How many people lived at the centre of a large kingdom

(great zimbabwe)

(Not that important)

A

18 000 people

79
Q

Change and continuity in East coast trade with setlements inland

Between 1300 - 1450 AD where did the king of the Zimbabwe kingdom rule

(Not that important)

A

Over all of Zimbabwe, also parts of N. SA, botswana and Mozambique

80
Q

Change and continuity in East coast trade with setlements inland

Zimbabwe

-comes from which language and means what

(Not that important)

A

From Shona language - means capital of a leader

81
Q

Change and continuity in East coast trade with setlements inland

How many Zimbabwes were there

(Not that important)

A

200

82
Q

Change and continuity in East coast trade with setlements inland

Each zimbabwe had it’s own …

(Not that important)

A

Ruler

83
Q

Change and continuity in East coast trade with setlements inland

Who ruled/lived in a small zimbabwe

(Not that important)

A

District rulers

84
Q

Change and continuity in East coast trade with setlements inland

Who were more important and ruled/lived in bigger zimbabwes

(Not that important)

A

Provincial rulers

85
Q

Change and continuity in East coast trade with setlements inland

Who was the most important of all and lived/ruled in he biggest zimbabwe

(great zimbabwe)

(Not that important)

A

The king

86
Q

Great Zimbabwe:

How did most of the people in the kingdom live as

A

Farmers

87
Q

Great Zimbabwe:

People in villages and on farms - ruled by who

A

The king

88
Q

Great Zimbabwe:

Many of the people worked for who and by doing what

A

For the king and royal family - as servants or administrator

89
Q

Great Zimbabwe:

What have archaeologist found about from evidence from the ruins

A

What the capital city probably looked like and how people lived there

90
Q

Great Zimbabwe:

Where do archaeologists think the king lived and why

A

On the hill - his home built on high ground shows he was important

91
Q

Great Zimbabwe:

What was the kings home built of

A

Clay and thatch and there were great stone walls built all around it

92
Q

Great Zimbabwe:

What did stone walls around king’s home show

A

They were there to show that an important person lived there

93
Q

Great Zimbabwe:

Archaeologists only found rare objects e.g. _ when they excavated this _

A

Gold, soapstone bowls and broze spearheads when excavating this enclosure

94
Q

Great Zimbabwe:

What were the rare objects symbols of

A

Leadership

95
Q

Great Zimbabwe:

What shows that this area (with rare objects) was king’s official home

A

The objects and the arrangement of the house floors

96
Q

Great Zimbabwe:

The big open space was called the _ . What was this space used for

A

Dare - king and his advisers met here to listen to legal cases and to make important decisions about the kingdom

97
Q

Great Zimbabwe:

How did people get clay and what was it used for

A

They dug deep pits to get clay to build thier houses

98
Q

Great Zimbabwe:

What have archaeologists found

(about the clay pits)

A

They have found these soil pits and house remains over a large area

99
Q

Great Zimbabwe:

How far did Great Zimbabwe stretch for

(how long)

A

4 Kilometres

100
Q

Great Zimbabwe:

What did archaeologists find when excavating house mounds

A

Pieces of household pottery, iron hoes, spearheads, knives, arrowheads and common ornaments such as glass beads and metal bangles.

101
Q

Great Zimbabwe:

Excavating the house mounds told them who lived here - who did

A

Ordinary people - not chief or members of the royal family

102
Q

The Great Enclosure:

What are the two uses that archaeologists think the G. E. was used for

G. E. = great enclosure

A
  1. Home of the king’s 1st wife
  2. School to teach customs to upper & lower classes
103
Q

The Great Enclosure:

What do some archaeologists think the king did acording to the use

(use of the Great enclosure)

A

King left his home on the hill to live with his wife

104
Q

The Great Enclosure:

The G.E. was the … biggest stone building in Africa

(if not first who came before it)

A

The 2nd - The pyramids in Egypt were 1st

105
Q

The Great Enclosure:

What were the houses like that the ordinary people lived in

A

Small clay and thatch houses around big stone buildings. They were so close together the roofs touched

106
Q

The Great Enclosure:

Who wrote about the dare system and when

A

Joao dos Santos in 1609

Grade 6: History (1 decks)

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