Teratogens

Question 1

T: ACE inhibitors

Answer 1

E: Renal damage

Question 2

T: Alkylating agents

Answer 2

E: Absence of digits, multiple anomalies

Question 3

T: Aminoglycosides

Answer 3

E: ototoxicity

Question 4

T: antiepileptic drugs

Answer 4

E: neural tube defects, cardiac defects, cleft palate, skeletal abnormalities

Question 5

T: diethylstilbestrol

Answer 5

E: vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma, congenital Müllerian anomalies

Question 6

T: folate antagonists

Answer 6

E: neural tube defects

Question 7

T: isotretinoin

Answer 7

E: multiple severe birth defects

Question 8

T: lithium

Answer 8

E: ebstein anomaly

Question 9

T: methimazole

Answer 9

E: aplasia cutis congenita

Question 10

T: tetracyclines

Answer 10

E: discolored teeth, inhibited bone growth

Question 11

T: thalidomide

Answer 11

E: limb defects

Question 12

T: warfarin

Answer 12

E: bone deformities, fetal hemorrhage, abortion, ophthalmologic abnormalities

Question 13

T: alcohol

Answer 13

E: common cause of birth defects and intellectual disability; fetal alcohol syndrome

Question 14

T: cocaine

Answer 14

E: low birth weight, preterm birth, IUGR, placental abruption

Question 15

T: smoking (nicotine, CO)

Answer 15

E: low birth weight (leading cause in developed countries), preterm labor, placental problema, IUGR, SIDS

Question 16

T: iodine (lack or excess)

Answer 16

E: congenital goiter ir hypothyroidism (cretinism)

Question 17

T: maternal diabetes

Answer 17

E: caudal regression syndrome (anal atresia to sirenomelia), congenital heart defects, neural tube defects, macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia

Question 18

T: methylmercury

Answer 18

E: neurotoxicity

Question 19

T: vitamin A excess

Answer 19

E: extremely high risk for spontaneous abortions and birth defects (cleft palate, cardiac)

Question 20

T: x-rays

Answer 20

E: microcephaly, intellectual disability