Teratogens Flashcards
d
ACE inhibitors
Renal damage
d
Alkylating agents
Multiple abnormalities; missing digits
d
Aminoglycosides
CN VIII damage
d
Carbamazepines
Facial dysmorphism, neural tube defects, developmental delay, fingernail hypoplasia
d
Diethylstilbestrol
Müllerian duct abnormalities, Vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma
d
Folate antagonists
Neural tube defects
d
Isoretinoin
Severe birth defects
d
Lithium
Ebstein anomaly
d
Methimazole
aplasia cutis congenita (absence of skin)
d
Phenytoin
Fetal hydantoin syndrome (cleft palate, cardiac defects, phalanx/fingernail hypoplasia)
d
Tetracyclines
Discolored teeth
d
Thalidomide
Limb defects (phocomelia, micromelia… flipper baby)
d
Valproate
Inhibition of maternal folate–> neural tube defects
d
Warfarin
Fetal hemorrhage, Bone deformities, abortion, Opthalmologic abnormalities
d
Alcohol
Fetal alcohol syndrome
d
Cocaine
Abnormal fetal growth, fetal addiction, placental abruption
d
Smoking
Low birth weight, preterm labor, placental problems, IUGR, ADHD
d
Iodine
Congenital goiter or hypothyroidism
d
Maternal diabetes
Caudal regression syndrome (anal atresion to sirenomelia), congital heart defects, neural tube defects
d
Vitamin A
Spontaneous abortion, cleft palate,
d
X-Ray
Microcephaly, intellectual disability