Teratogens

Question 1

RV hypoplasia, downward displacement of the tricuspid valve-

Answer 1

Ebstein’s anomaly, Li toxicity

Question 2

Tooth discoloration

Answer 2

Tetracycline (binds Ca, avoid in pregnant women/kids < 8).

Question 3

Cartilage damage

Answer 3

Fluoroquinolones.

Question 4

Stippling of the epiphyses, do not use this anticoagulant in a pregnant female with a DVT

Answer 4

Warfarin (remember pregnancy is a hypercoagulable state w/Virchow’s triad, use heparin instead, also HY to know that heparin is used for APLA syndrome). These women should probably avoid E2 contraceptives in the future.

Question 5

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina

Answer 5

Diethylstilbestrol (DES, also T shaped uterus)

Question 6

Renal problems in the fetus

Answer 6

ACE-I and ARBs

Question 7

Gray Baby Syndrome

Answer 7

Chloramphenicol

Question 8

Kernicterus (buildup of toxic bilirubin metabolites in the brain)

Answer 8

TMP-SMX.

Question 9

Smooth philtrum, microcephaly, thin upper lip

Answer 9

fetal alcohol syndrome.

Question 10

IUGR, hypoplastic nails, microcephaly, cleft lip

Answer 10

Phenytoin (fetal hydantoin syndrome).