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Foundations > Teratogenesis > Flashcards

Teratogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

Ototoxicity CN 8

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2
Q

Fluoroquinolones

A

Cartilage damage “qunioLONEs hurt the BONES”

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3
Q

Tetracyclines

A

Discolored teeth

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4
Q

Cyclophosphamide

A

Ear and facial anomalies, limb hypoplasia, absence of digits

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5
Q

MTX

A

Neural tube defects and abortion

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6
Q

ACE Inhibitors

A

Renal malformations

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7
Q

Carbamazepine

A

Neural tube defects- spina bifida, facial dysmorphism, developmental delay, phalanx/fingernail hypoplasia

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8
Q

Valproic acid

A

Neural tube defects- spina bifida
Inhibition of maternal folate absorption

ValproATE inhibits folATE absorption

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9
Q

Phenytoin

A

Fetal hydantoin syndrome- cleft palate, cardiac defects, phalanx/fingernail hypoplasia

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10
Q

Lithium

A

Mood stabilizer, cause Ebstein anomaly (atrialized right ventricle)

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11
Q

Statins

A

CNS and limb abnormalities, interfere with cholesterol synthesis

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12
Q

Warfarin

A

Facial/limb/CNS anomalies, spontaneous abortions
Bone deformities, fetal hemorrhage, abortion, ophthalmologic abnormalities

Do not wage WARFARe on the baby; keep it HEPpy with HEParin (does not cross placenta)

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13
Q

Isotretinoin

A

Spontaneous abortions, birth defects

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14
Q

Diethylstilbestrol (DES)

A

Clear cell vaginal adenocarcinoma

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15
Q

Thalidomide

A

Phocomelia (limb deformities)
Micromelia- flipper limbs

LIMB defects with “tha-LIMB-domide”

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16
Q

Alkylating agents

A

absence of digits, multiple anomalies

17
Q

Methimazole

A

Aplasia cutis congenita

18
Q

Alcohol

A

Intellectual disability and birth defects

Fetal alcohol syndrome

19
Q

Cocaine

A

Abnormal fetal growth and fetal addiction

Placental abruption

20
Q

Smoking

A

Low birth weight
Preterm labor
Placental problems
IUGR, ADHD

21
Q

Iodine

A

Congenital goiter and hypothyroidism (cretinism)

22
Q

Maternal diabetes

A

Caudal regression syndrome
Congenital heart defects
Neural tube defects

23
Q

Vitamin A

A

Extremely high risk for spontaneous abortions and birth defects

24
Q

X-rays

A

Microcephaly, intellectual diability

Minimized by lead shielding

Foundations (4 decks)

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