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English Grammer Fundamentals > Tenses > Flashcards

Tenses Flashcards

1
Q

Present Simple (tense) Functions

A
  1. Permanent Situations
  2. Routines & Habits
  3. Laws & Rules
  4. State Verbs
  5. Future with Timetable
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2
Q

Present Simple (tense) — Structure

A

Subject + Present Simple Form (3rd Person singular adds “s”)

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3
Q

Present Continuous (tense) — Structure

A

Subject + “to be” (present simple form) + present participle

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4
Q

Present Continuous (tense) Function

A
  1. Happening Right Now
  2. Future Plans with Arrangements
  3. Temporary Situations
  4. Annoying Habits (Emphasizes)
  5. Trends
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5
Q

Function — Permanent Situations

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Present Simple
  2. Subject + Present simple form (3rd person singular adds “s”)
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6
Q

Function — Routines & Habits

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Present Simple
  2. Subject + Present simple form (3rd person singular adds “s”)
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7
Q

Function — Laws & Rules

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Present Simple
  2. Subject + Present simple form (3rd person singular adds “s”)
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8
Q

Function — State Verbs

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Present Simple
  2. Subject + Present simple form (3rd person singular adds “s”)
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9
Q

Function — Future with Timetable

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Present Simple
  2. Subject + Present simple form (3rd person singular adds “s”)
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10
Q

Function — Happening right now

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Present Continuous
  2. Subject + “to be” (present simple form) + present participle
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11
Q

Function — Future Plans with Arrangements

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Present Continuous
  2. Subject + “to be” (present simple form) + present participle
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12
Q

Function — Temporary Situations

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Present Continuous
  2. Subject + “to be” (present simple form) + present participle
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13
Q

Function — Annoying Habits (Emphasizes)

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Present Continuous
  2. Subject + “to be” (present simple form) + present participle
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14
Q

Function — Trends

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Present Continuous
  2. Subject + “to be” (present simple form) + present participle
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15
Q

Function —
Completed Actions in the past, usually linked to a specific point in time

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Past Simple
  2. Subject + Past simple form
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16
Q

Past Simple (tense) — Structure

A

Subject + Past simple form

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17
Q

Past Simple (tense) Functions

A
  1. Completed Actions in the past, usually linked to a specific point in time
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18
Q

Past Continuous (tense) — Functions

A
  1. An event in progress at a specific point in time
  2. Two events in progress at the same time in past
  3. Ongoing past action interrupted by another event (the interrupting event is in the past simple)
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19
Q

Past Continuous (tense) — Structure

A

Subject + “to be” (past simple form) + present participle

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20
Q

Function —
An event in progress at a specific point in time in the past

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Past Continuous
  2. Subject + “to be” (past simple form) + present participle
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21
Q

Function —
Two events in progress at the same time in past

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Past Continuous
  2. Subject + “to be” (past simple form) + present participle
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22
Q

Function —
Ongoing past action interrupted by another event

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Past Continuous
  2. Subject + “to be” (past simple form) + present participle
    (the interrupting event is in the past simple)
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23
Q

Present Perfect “Simple” (tense) Functions

A
  1. Actions in the past, occurring in an unfinished time period
  2. Actions in the past, where the emphasis is on the action’s effect on present time
  3. Immediate past events
  4. Life experiences
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24
Q

Present Perfect “Simple” (tense) — Structure

A

Subject + “have/has” + past participle

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25
Q

Function —
Actions in the past, occurring in an unfinished time period

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Present Perfect “Simple”
  2. Subject + “have/has” + past participle
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26
Q

Function —
Actions in the past, where the emphasis is on the action’s effect on present time

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Present Perfect “Simple”
  2. Subject + “have/has” + past participle
27
Q

Function —
Immediate past events

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Present Perfect “Simple”
  2. Subject + “have/has” + past participle
28
Q

Function —
Life experiences

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Present Perfect “Simple”
  2. Subject + “have/has” + past participle
29
Q

Present Perfect Continuous (tense) Functions

A

Ongoing activity that started in the past and continues into present time (and perhaps beyond)

30
Q

Present Perfect Continuous (tense) — Structure

A

Subject + “have/has” + “been” + present participle

31
Q

Function —
Ongoing activity that started in the past and continues into present time (and perhaps beyond)

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Present Perfect Continuous
  2. Subject + “have/has” + “been” + present participle
32
Q

Past Perfect Continuous (tense) Functions

A
  1. To indicate an ongoing event, usually with DURATION, that happened before another event
  2. To give the reason, continuing over time, for a past event
33
Q

Past Perfect Continuous (tense) — Structure

A

Subject + “had” + “been” + present participle

34
Q

Function —
To indicate an ongoing event, usually with DURATION, that happened before another event

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Past Perfect Continuous
  2. Subject + “had” + “been” + present participle
35
Q

Function —
To give the reason, continuing over time, for a past event

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Past Perfect Continuous
  2. Subject + “had” + “been” + present participle
36
Q

Past Perfect “Simple” (tense) Functions

A
  1. To indicate which of two past actions happened first. (Action that happened 2nd is in past simple)
  2. To give the reason for a past event
37
Q

Past Perfect “Simple” (tense) — Structure

A

Subject + “had” + past participle

38
Q

Function —
To indicate which of two past actions happened first.

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Past Perfect “Simple”
  2. Subject + “had” + past participle (Action that happened 2nd is in past simple)
39
Q

Function —
To give the reason for a past event

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Past Perfect “Simple”
  2. Subject + “had” + past participle
40
Q

Future Perfect “Simple” (tense) Functions

A

Future event that will have been completed by a deadline. (Event + deadline)

41
Q

Future Perfect “Simple” (tense) — Structure

A

Subject + “will” + “have” + past participle
(Event + deadline)

42
Q

Function —
Future event that will have been completed by a deadline.

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Future Perfect “Simple”
  2. Subject + “will” + “have” + past participle
    (Event + deadline)
43
Q

Future Perfect Continuous (tense) Functions

A

Future ongoing event, with DURATION, that will have been completed by a deadline.
(Event + duration + deadline)

44
Q

Future Perfect Continuous (tense) — Structure

A

Subject + “will” + “have” + “been” + present participle
(Event + duration + deadline)

45
Q

Function —
Future ongoing event, with DURATION, that will have been completed by a deadline.

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Future Perfect Continuous
  2. Subject + “will” + “have” + “been” + present participle
    (Event + duration + deadline)
46
Q

Future Continuous (tense) Functions

A
  1. An action that will be in progress at a particular moment in the future
  2. Fixed future events
  3. Prediction of CURRENT ACTION
47
Q

Future Continuous (tense) — Structure

A

Subject + “will” + “be” + present participle

48
Q

Function —
An action that will be in progress at a particular moment in the future

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Future Continuous
  2. Subject + “will” + “be” + present participle
49
Q

Function —
Fixed future events

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Future Continuous
  2. Subject + “will” + “be” + present participle
50
Q

Function —
Prediction of CURRENT ACTION

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Future Continuous
  2. Subject + “will” + “be” + present participle
51
Q

Future simple “WILL” (tense) Functions

A
  1. Predictions (Future)
  2. Expectations
  3. Future Facts
  4. Instant decisions
  5. Offers to help or assist
  6. Promises / Threats
  7. Polite requests
52
Q

Future simple “WILL” (tense) — Structure

A

Subject + “will” + bare infinitive

53
Q

Function —
Predictions (Future)

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Future simple “WILL”
  2. Subject + “will” + bare infinitive
54
Q

Function —
Expectations

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Future simple “WILL”
  2. Subject + “will” + bare infinitive
55
Q

Function —
Future Facts

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Future simple “WILL”
  2. Subject + “will” + bare infinitive
56
Q

Function —
Instant decisions

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Future simple “WILL”
  2. Subject + “will” + bare infinitive
57
Q

Function —
Offers to help or assist

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Future simple “WILL”
  2. Subject + “will” + bare infinitive
58
Q

Function —
Promises / Threats

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Future simple “WILL”
  2. Subject + “will” + bare infinitive
59
Q

Function —
Polite requests

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Future simple “WILL”
  2. Subject + “will” + bare infinitive
60
Q

Future simple “GOING TO” (tense) Functions

A
  1. Pre-made plans
  2. Predictions WITH EVIDENCE
61
Q

Future simple “GOING TO” (tense) — Structure

A

Subject + “to be” (present simple form) + “going to” + bare infinitive

62
Q

Function —
Pre-made plans

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Future simple “GOING TO”
  2. Subject + “to be” (present simple form) + “going to” + bare infinitive
63
Q

Function —
Predictions WITH EVIDENCE

  1. What tense?
  2. Structure
A
  1. Future simple “GOING TO”
  2. Subject + “to be” (present simple form) + “going to” + bare infinitive

English Grammer Fundamentals (3 decks)

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