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Gcse Classics > Temples > Flashcards

Temples Flashcards

1
Q

Hiereus

A

Man working in temple looking after temple and sacrifices to a god

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2
Q

Hiereia

A

Women working in temple looking after temple and sacrifices to god

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3
Q

Mantis

A

Greek soothsayer who read entrails of animal or bird sights to predict the outcome of the future

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4
Q

Auger

A

A person who reads the flight of birds to predict the outcome of future events

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5
Q

Pontifex

A

A Roman priest in charge of protecting temples, regulating religious law and overseeing the religious calendar

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6
Q

Vestal virgins

A

Female priests in charge of the cult of the goddess Athena

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7
Q

Haruspex

A

A Roman priest who read omens of entrails

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8
Q

What is a temple?

A

Consecrated place or area dedicated to the gods and their purpose is to house the cult statue of which the temple was dedicated to.

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9
Q

Where is the temple located?

A

In a sanctuary

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10
Q

Location of alter

A

Outside the temple so the public could take part in sacrifices

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11
Q

Who can go inside the temple

A

Only priests/ priestess can go into the temple but you were allowed if you wanted to see the cult statue

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12
Q

How is the goddess Vesta represented in Rome

A

As the a flame

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13
Q

What 2 things does the flame represent

A

Continuing of Romes power

Continuing virginity of vestal virgins

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14
Q

How many vestal virgins were there

A

6

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15
Q

Roughly what age would a vestal virgins be chosen

A

Between 6 years old and 10 years old

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16
Q

What criteria would she have had to fulfil to be a vestal virgin ( 4 things )

A

Both parents alive

Between 6 and 10

Fit and healthy

Elite and powerful family

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17
Q

For how many years would a vestal virgin have to serve

A

At least 30 years

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18
Q

What would happen in the 1st 10 years of being a vestal virgin

A

Training

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19
Q

What would happen in the 2nd 10 years of being a vestal virgin

A

Carry out duties

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20
Q

What would happen in the 3rd 10 years of being a vestal virgin

A

Carry out duties

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21
Q

Name 4 duties of the vestal virgins

A

Tending to flame

Collecting water

Learn the religious calendar

Make the mola salsa

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22
Q

What Would be the punishment of the vestal virgins if the flame went out and who would carry the punishment out

A

Whipped

Pontifex maximus - chief priest

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23
Q

What would be the punishment if a vestal virgin was accused of incestum

A

Buried alive

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24
Q

Why were the punishments so severe

A

Given a lot of benefits in society and they believed if the flame went out Rome would fall

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25
Q

4 privileges of a vestal virgin

A

Vote

Write a will

Own property

Sit front view at certain games

26
Q

How big was the Parthenon

A

69.5 m in length and 30.9 m wide

27
Q

What direction did the Parthenon face

A

Orientated east to west

28
Q

How big was the base of Parthenon

A

Stood on a 3 stepped base

29
Q

What surrounded the Parthenon

A

A colonnade

30
Q

What was in the naos in the Parthenon

A

13 metre statue of Athena

31
Q

What is Athena statue made out of

A

Ivory and gold

32
Q

Who designed the Parthenon

A

Phidias

33
Q

Why would a sacrifice be made

A

To either thank the immortal for help received or to ask for help in the future

34
Q

What could be used as a sacrifice

A

Anything - but mostly food such as cakes or fruit milk or wine and on very special occasions an animal

35
Q

What was the most important type of sacrifice

A

Blood sacrifice- animal

36
Q

Most expensive type of sacrifice

A

Hecatomb - 100 bulls cost 8000 drachmae

37
Q

Order of sacrifice- scene 1

A

Wash thoroughly and wear clean or new clothes and adorned themselves with a garland woven from twigs

38
Q

Order of sacrifice- scene 2

A

Choosing of animal! Had to be most physically perfect in herd and be willing to be sacrificed. Would decorate animal adorned with ribbons horns gilded ( thin layer of gold)

39
Q

Order of sacrifice scene 3

A

Participants Escorted animal to alter

40
Q

What would the maiden carry

A

Basket filled with barley to hide knife

41
Q

Who would be the participants

A

Priest / pontifex if roman
Maiden
Water carrier
Aulos

42
Q

What would a Roman priest do to show respect

A

Veil head with yoga before begging sacrifice

43
Q

Scene 4 of sacrifice

A

Musicians played to soothe the animal

44
Q

Scene 5 sacrifice

A

Circle of barley was sprinkled around alter, animal and participants. Showed who was involved and therefore who to bless

45
Q

Scene 6 of sacrifice

A

Fire would be lit on the alter and then each participant would purify themselves indicating the sacrifice has begun

46
Q

Scene 7 sacrifice

A

Victim sprinkled with water- animal would jerk it’s head would be seen as a nod ( animals consent to be sacrificed)

47
Q

Scene 8 of sacrifice

A

Each participant took a handful of barley from sacrificial basket to show they were taking part. And silence then descended

48
Q

Scene 9 sacrifice

A

Raise arms to sky the sacrificed recited a 3 stage prayer

49
Q

Scene 10 sacrifice

A

After the prayer each participant tossed a handful of barley onto the alter and the victim

50
Q

Scene 11 sacrifice

A

Knife removed from basket and cut a few hairs of the victim as a “taster” for the gods

51
Q

Scene 12 sacrifice

A

Victim raised over alter and popa would cut the animals throat and women would present a high pitched scream to marking passage from life to death

52
Q

Scene 14 sacrifice

A

The blood of the victim was collected into basin and sprayed over the top and sides of the alter and finally the victim was skinned and butchered

53
Q

Thighbones

A

Wrapped in fat and burnt on alter - smoke feed the gods

54
Q

Animals entrails

A

Cut off and haruspex examined if were healthy or not if we’re good the gods were pleased

55
Q

Inner organs

A

Reserved for most important participants

56
Q

Rest of meat

A

Boiled and shared amongst the participants

57
Q

Scene 15

A

Remains of victim were laid out on alter - animals life can be remembered and skin was given to sanctuary

58
Q

Scene 16

A

Cakes, broth and other food burned as an offering to the gods

59
Q

Scene 17

A

Sacrificer poured wine over the fire. Bright purple flame was thought to signify that the god was present.

60
Q

Where is the temple of Zeus located

A

Olympia

Gcse Classics (1 decks)

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