Temperature regulation Flashcards
normal core body temp.
37.8 degrees
variation in body temperature
- core temperature has to stay relatively constant
- outer temperature can vary depending on external environment
normothermia
normal core body temperature for optimum cll metabolism + function
temperature measurement
- can be in ear 35.5 - 37.5 norm
- rectum - 36.7 - 37.5
lowest body temp.
during morning
4 ways of heat gain
metabolism, radiation, convection and conduction
4 methods of heat loss
evaporation, radiation, convection + conduction
Basal Metabolic Rate
minimum metabolic rate required to maintain vital cell functions
B.M.R
maintains bodies core temperature through heat production, can be increased by hormones
Heat gain/ loss through radiation
energy gained/ lost depending on external environment - is greater in cold environments
- greatest proportion of heat loss
Heat gain/ loss through conduction
heat gained/lot through contact
small proportion of energy loss, effected by external environment
Heat gain/ loss through convection
surrounding air/water heated by conduction, currents move warm air away - more heat loss through convection- conduction
- fans + wind increase heat loss via convection
acute temperature regulation by what organ and what method
hypothalamus by negative feed back loops
area of hypothalamus activated by heat + method of reducing temp.
anterior hypothalamus (ahh anterior hypothalamus activated by heat) - sympathetic innervation increases sweating
area of hypothalamus activated by cold
posterior hypothalamus
- sympathetic innervation increases muscle tone + vasoconstriction
how fever increases core body temp.
1) infection detected by W.B.C
2) macrophages release endogenous pyrogens
3) stimulates the release of prostaglandins in hypothalamus
4) increases set point so core body temp. increases
