Temp Noise pressure and Altitude Flashcards
temperature of the bigger part of the body/organs we have in the body
core temp
basic principle of heat transfer
Heat transfer happens from point of higher temperature to a point of lower temperature. Transfer only stops when both temperatures have equalized.
Refers to heat loss by the body by direct contact
Conduction
Refers to heat loss through the surrounding air
convection
Changer of water to gas
evap
Hottest country
libya
coldest country
antartica
reflexees to increase heat production
vasoconstriction
inhibition of sweating
shivering
reflexes to promote heat loss
vasodilation
sweating
inhibition of shivering and chemical thermogenesis
body temp is controlled by
thermostatic mechansim
Behavioral control
can occur in children with temperature of greater than 41.1°C (
convulsions
what will hapen in temp greater than 42.2
irreversible brain damage
lack of circadian rhytm
central fever
temp at which convulsions can occur
temp greater than 41.1°C
Upper limit of body temperature which an average person can survive is around
110 F
Results from a failure of the thermoregulatory center
and suppression of sweating
HEAT STROKE
cardinal signs of heat stroke
Rapidly rising temperature (41-43°C)
Hot and dry skin- main difference from heat
exhaustion
Brain dysfunction (delirium, convulsions, coma, can even lead to death
treatment for heat stroke
decrease deep body temperature
Submerge in ice water ideally, but this can cause shivering. Spraying ice cold water is
more efficient with fanning; remove person from warm environment
Results from a deficiency of water or salt or both leading to circulatory insufficiency
HEAT EXHAUSTION
Usually in unacclimatized persons with inadequate salt and water replacement
HEAT EXHAUSTION
Fainting in unacclimatized workers standing erect and is due to pooling of blood in the peripheral areas of the
body in an attempt to dissipate excess heat.
heat syncope
cardinal manifestation of heat syncope
Giddiness and fainting upon prolonged standing or sudden changes in posture
Due to excessive sweating with high water intake but inadequate salt intake
heat cramps
cardinal manifestation of heat cramps
Painful muscle spasms usually involving the arms, legs, abdomen
Vesiculopapular erythematous rashes at the
shoulder/back. Commonly seen in children
heat rash
A core temperature of 35 ° C / 95 ° F or lower
hypothermia
reddened nose and ears
frostnip
Due to prolonged exposure to nonfreezing temperatures usually less than 10 ° C
Trench foot or immersion foot
Due to freezing and formation of ice crystals within
the tissues and is primarily a vascular problem
frostbite
subjective undesirable part of sound
noise
Audible range is between
20-20000
Speech frequency
500-2000
subjective sensation of pain in ears at the time of exposure, usually conductive hearing loss (not permanent)
Acute rupture of the tympanum
Occurs when a person who is exposed to air under higher pressures is decompressed too rapidly.
decompression
also known as Acute mountain sickness
altitude sickness
drug for prevention of altitude sickness
acetazolamide
Cerebral dilatation and edema formation causing increased pressure
High altitude cerebral edema
Due to vasoconstriction leading to pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary edema (dry cough, frothy pinkish secretion)
high altitude pulmo edema
