Teeth Category C,D Flashcards
what is the term for when the upper permanent incisors have contact with the corresponding bottom incisor?
They are in wear
What causes the sharp enamel points on the horses teeth?
Wear resulting from lower jaw being more narrow than the upper jaw
What are the deep indentures in the center surface of the young permanent incisors which are used to help determine age?
Cups
Which occurs first a smooth mouth or a full mouth?
Full mouth (When 5 years of age) Smooth mouth- (11 years)
At what age does a horse have a full mouth when referring to its teeth?
5 years
What appears in the incisor, as the cups disappear?
Dental stars
What are retained deciduous teeth called?
Caps
How many deciduous teeth does a 1 year old foal have?
24
What part of the tooth first appears as a narrow yellow mark in the front of he central enamel ring and changes to dark circles near the center of the tooth as the horse ages?
Dental stars
Which teeth are used to determine the age of a horse?
Incisors or front teeth
How many teeth will a ten moth old foal of either sex have?
24 – 12 incisors and 12 pre-molars
How many teeth will a mature male horse have?
40 (42 depending if they have wolf teeth) (24 molars, 12 incisors, and 4 canine teeth)
How many teeth will a mature mare horse have?
36 (12 incisors 24 molars. Do not usually have canine teeth)
What is the average number of cheek teeth located on each side of the jaw?
6 teeth on each side
How many cheek teeth does an adult horse have?
24
What are the slender teeth in front used for biting grass, feed & etc?
Incisors
What part of the tooth first appears as a narrow yellow mark in the front of he central enamel ring and changes to dark circles near the center of the tooth as the horse ages?
Dental Star
At what age does a horse become smooth mouthed?
11 years
What are the two types of cheek teeth?
Molars and premolars
What is the artificial altering of teeth by burning or chemically to make them appear younger than their actual age?
Bishoping
Which teeth are smaller, whiter, rounder and have a noticeable neck and usually are gone by the time the horse is 5 years old?
Milk teeth (temporary)
What are the rear or grinding teeth called?
Molars
If the incisors shape is round, his age is about how old?
About 15 years old
A dovetail notch appears on the upper corner incisor at what 2 ages?
7 years and between 12 - 15 years
At what age do the permanent premolars erupt?
2 1/2, 3 and 4 years old
what are deciduous teeth?
Baby teeth
At what age does the Galvayne’s groove first appear?
10 years on upper corner incisor
What are the centers, when referring to teeth?
2 central pairs of incisors above and below
what are the intermediates, when referring to teeth?
Pair adjacent to the central incisors or centers
Name 4 major ways to estimate the age of horses by the appearance of their teeth.
Occurrence of permanent teeth, disappearance of cups, angle of bite, shape of the surface of permanent teeth.
What are the 2 small teeth that may appear just in front of the upper molars of the male horse & they may interfere with the bit while riding?
Wolf teeth
Which horse will have more teeth, a two week old foal, a 2 year old mare of a 10 year old stallion?
10 year old stallion
Name 4 ways to identify a permanent tooth from a temporary one.
Permanent teeth are larger & longer, have broader neck area between the root & the crown, parallel grooves & ridges on face of incisors, are darker in color & are flatter
What are the teeth that appear in the inter dental space on the male horse at about 5 years of age?
Canine or tushes
What term refers to a lower jaw that is shorter than the upper jaw?
Parrot Mouth
What is the inter dental space?
The gum space between the incisors & molars
How many incisors are on the top jaw of the horse?
six
What is a star shaped or circle-like structure near the center of the wearing surface of the permanent incisors?
Dental star
What is the hollow space on the wearing surface of the incisor?
Cups
What is the term that describes the outer angle at which the upper & lower incisors meet?
Angle of bite
At what age is the horse said to be full mouthed?
5 years of age
At what age is the horse said to be smooth mouthed?
11 years of age
What is another name for the teeth called tushes?
Canine teeth
At what age do the permanent corner incisors erupt?
4 1/2 years old
Name 2 ways to determine the age of the horse by their teeth.
Look at wear and slant of front teeth, size and color, number of milk or temporary teeth, number of permanent teeth, disappearance of cups.
At what age have the cups disappeared on the upper incisors?
11 years old
What is the term for the top of a tooth protruding above the gum?
Crown
At what age have all the milk teeth erupted?
6-9 months
Where would the wolf teeth be found on a horse?
In front of the premolars
Which teeth can cause a great deal of pain when the bit hits them?
Wolf teeth
Name 4 types of teeth present on the stallion.
Incisors, molars,premolars,canine (Wolf teeth also acceptable)
Describe the difference between full mouthed and smooth mouthed.
Full mouthed– horse has complete set of permanent incisors. Smooth mouthed– cups on permanent incisors have disappeared on both upper and lower jaws.
Name the three types of incisors.
Centers, Intermediates & corners
When do the teeth stop growing?
In the early twenty’s
Describe the jaw movement of a horse that is chewing.
jaw moves up and down and side to side
Which teeth are used mainly for chewing? and not for biting grasses
Molars
Which teeth are used mainly for biting grasses instead of chewing?
Incisors
Name 2 types of teeth that are more common in males than females.
canine (Tushes) teeth and wolf teeth
What are the rear or grinding teeth of the horse?
Molars
What are the small teeth that may appear in front of the upper molars generally found in male horses?
Wolf teeth
What is another name for the cheek teeth?
Molars
What is the outer angle at which the lower and upper incisors meet?
Angle of bite
What are the centrally located upper and lower incisors called?
Corners
What are the third set of incisors called?
Corners
What are the second set of incisors called?
Intermediates
What are the first set of incisors called?
centers
How many molars does an adult horse have?
12, six on each jaw
How many premolars does an adult horse have?
12, six on each jaw
How many incisors does an adult horse have?
12, six on each jaw
On which teeth will a dove tail notch develop on most horses at about 7 years old?
upper corner incisors
What corrective process is necessary because of the constant eruption of incisors, grinding action of chewing, the position of the molars and the upper jaw being slightly wider that the lower jaw?
Floating the teeth
Name the 2 places where sharp points will appear if the horse needs it’s teeth floated.
Outside of upper molars and inside of lower molars
What are the deep indentures in the center of the young permanent incisors used to determine the age of the horse up to the age of 11 years?
Cups
Very specifically, which teeth will the cups disappear from first?
Lower center incisors
At what age are all four of the permanent center incisors in wear?
3 years old
At what age are all four of the permanent intermediate incisors in wear?
4 years old
At what age are all four of the permanent corner incisors in wear?
5 years old
At what age does the first molar erupt?
9-12 months
Name the teeth that may be present at birth or within 8 days after birth.
center incisors
What is the part of the tooth between the crown and root located at the surface of gums?
Neck of tooth
