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Cario > Teeth > Flashcards

Teeth Flashcards

1
Q

Silica

A

Abrasive

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2
Q

Sodium bicarbonate

A

Abrasive

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3
Q

Sulfur

A

Bactericidal

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4
Q

Calcium

A

Inhibits demineralization

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5
Q

Fluorine

A

Anticariogenic

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6
Q

Chloride

A

Inhibits calculus formation

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7
Q

Benzyl isothiocyanate

A

Antiocariogenic

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8
Q

Goadby

A

Acidogenic and proteolytic bacteria but no specific organism of dental decay and poly microbial disease

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9
Q

Clarke

A

Introduced microbial succession. Lactobacillus found in established Caries

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10
Q

Van houte found organisms involved were

A

Low ph non mutans streptococci but later identified atypical strains of plaque

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11
Q

Bifidobacteria

A

Aka gut inhabitants, Anaerobic and produce lactic acid

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12
Q

Beneficial species

A

Defectiva, parasanguins, Mitis, Oralis, sanguins

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13
Q

Saliva has immunoglobulins

A

IgG, IgM, IgA

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14
Q

Stimulation of parasympathetic nerve causes

A

Watery saliva with less organic material and vasodilation of the gland

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15
Q

Sympathetic results in

A

Mucous saliva and Inhibition of glands

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16
Q

Serous glands

A

Parotid - watery amylase rich - glossopharyngeal
Lingual - watery lipase - IX

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17
Q

Mixed glands

A

Subamandibular - mucin- facial
Sublingual - mucin - facial
Retromolar - mucin- VII and IX

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18
Q

Seromucous glands

A

Buccal and labial - mucin - VII

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19
Q

Saliva secretion steps

A

Primary fluid production - isotonic in acini
Saliva modification- hypotonic in ducts less electrolytes

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20
Q

Saliva contains

A

Cells
Bacteria
Calcium
K 2X than plasma
Enzymes

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21
Q

Increasing salivary flow rate results I

A

Increase in na cl and hco3 and reduction in phosphate and K

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22
Q

Clearance is delayed when

A

Unstimulated flow rate is low
Residual volume is high
V max is high

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23
Q

2 digestive enzymes

A

Lingual lipase - by glands on tongue
Amylase - salivary glands

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24
Q

Lactoferrin

A

Bacteria static and binds Fe

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25
Q

Lysozyme

A

Attacks bacterial walls

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26
Q

Proline rich proteins

A

Protect enamel

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27
Q

Mucin functions

A

Tissue coating - role in enamel Pellicle, anti-microbial
Lubrication
Aggregation of bacterial cells

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28
Q

Statherins

A

Produced acinar cells Prevent crystallization of calcium phosphate in ductal saliva and oral fluid

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29
Q

PRP

A

Like statherin, very asymmetrical
Inhibit Calcium phosphate growth
Found in mature enamel pellicle
Strong promoters of bacterial adhesion

30
Q

SP produced by

A

Acinar cells of parotid and present in submandibular saliva
Readily adsorbed

31
Q

Myeloperoxidase

A

Derived from leukocytes gingival crevice antibacterial

32
Q

Lactoferrin

A

Nutritional immunity by iron starvation of bacteria
Using enterochelins better than Lactoferrin
Degraded by proteases

33
Q

Lysozyme aka muramidase

A

Hydrolysis of pepidoglycan later

34
Q

Cystatins

A

Protective against unwanted proteolysis
Affects calcium phosphate precipitation

35
Q

Major buffer components

A

Phosphate
Bicarbonate
Salivary proteins

36
Q

Phosphate system

A

Phosphate concentration decreases with increasing flow rate
Best at 6.8 pH
Major in unstimulated saliva

37
Q

Bicarbonate buffer

A

Best at 6 pH
50% unstimulated and 90% stimulated due to flow dependent variAtions

38
Q

Salivary proteins

A

Best at 5 or less pH
Good for high and low pH

39
Q

Stephan Curve

A

Shows effects on plaque pH after cariogenic challenge

40
Q

Dental Carie’s

A

Acid dissolution of tooth mineral started by acidogenic bacteria in dental plaque which has been exposed to fermented sugars

41
Q

CaF has

A

Lower solubility product than HA so it’s more stable

42
Q

Salivary hyper function is called

A

Sialorrhea

43
Q

Ethology of hypersalivation

A

Neurological
Salivary
Anatomy of hard or soft tissue

44
Q

Normal saliva and hypo rates

A

Unstimulated .3-.5 ml/min .1 or less
Stimulated 1-1.5, .5 women .7 men

45
Q

Xerostomia tx

A

Pilocarpine, bethanechol, sialor

46
Q

CHX

A

2X daily inhibits dental biofilm accumulation almost completely
With thymol is good varnish 40%

47
Q

CPC

A

Antibacterial but cleared quickly
No anti cariogenic

48
Q

CPP ACP

A

At night without brushing off
Ca and phosphate ion saturation

49
Q

Iodine

A

Antibacterial
Broad spectrum
Good for mutans

50
Q

Arginine

A

Buffer dental plaque due to ionization of ammonium
Cationic as anti septic
Better with Fl

51
Q

DEF index ____

A

Only captured cavitated lesions

52
Q

ICDAS

A

Measure surface changes and depth of Carie’s

53
Q

PUFA

A

Stages severe Carie’s

54
Q

CAST

A

Stages early and severe caries

55
Q

CCS is based on

A

Tooth surface
Presence or absence of Caries
Site of origin
Severity of change
Estimation of lesion activity

56
Q

CCS examination done on a

A

Clean tooth
Compressed air
Adequate lighting
Rounded explorer or ball end probe

57
Q

Affected dentin?

A

Dentin exposed to bacterial acids but has not been infected by cariogenic bacteria

58
Q

CCS assessment process includes

A

Identification and classification of lesions
Recent restorations due to Carie’s
Cavitated lesions
Radiolucency

59
Q

Enamel hypoplasia

A

Results from disrupted amelogenesis

60
Q

Halitosis bacteria

61
Q

How do they cause odour

A

Microbes interacts with amino acids and they’re transformed in to volatile compounds and volatile sulfur compounds

62
Q

Three major VSC

A

Methyl mercaptan CH3SH
Hydrogen sulphide H2S2
Dimethyl sulphide C2H6S

63
Q

Drugs cause malodour

A

diuretics
Antihistamine
Metronidazole

64
Q

Systemic causes of halitosis

A

Chronic bronchitis
Pneumonia
TB

65
Q

Diagnosis of halitosis

A

Subjective assessment
Organoleptic - gold standard
Halimeter - only detects VSC
Gas chromatography - quantitative
Unstimulated saliva can be tested

66
Q

Calculus Formed by

A

Binding of calcium ions to carbohydrates protein complexes of the organic matrix and precipitation of crystalline calcium phosphate salts

67
Q

Factors in calculus formation

A

Plaque thickness
Rate of salivary sugar clearance
Salivary film velocity and acid clearance
Effect of salivary urea on plaque ph

68
Q

Diagnodent by kavo

A

Laser fluorescence 655 to 680 nm

69
Q

Inspektorpro Qlf

A

Quantitative laser fluorescence

70
Q

CariVu, microlux

A

Transillumination technology

71
Q

Cariescan pro

A

Electric conductivity

72
Q

Canary system

A

Photothermal radiometry and luminescence

Cario (1 decks)

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