tectonics

Question 1

when does a natural event become a natural hazard?

Answer 1

A natural event becomes a natural hazard when it becomes a threat to people

Question 2

what is a geophysical hazard and examples?

Answer 2

-geophysical hazards are hazards caused by the earths processes
examples- volcano, landslide, earthquake, mudflow, avalanche

Question 3

what is an atmospheric hazard and examples?

Answer 3

-atmospheric hazards are hazards caused by processes operating in the earths atmosphere
examples-rain , lightning, drought, snow, hurricane, tornado

Question 4

what is a hydrological hazard and examples?

Answer 4

-hydrological hazards are hazards caused by the occurring movement and distribution of surface and underground water.

Question 5

what is the UN definition of a disaster?

Answer 5

-10 or more people killed
-100 or more people affected
-a declaration of a state of emergency by the government
-a request by the national government for international assistance

Question 6

`What is Hazard Risk?

Answer 6

Hazard Risk is the probability of being affected by a natural event.

Question 7

what is risk defined as?

Answer 7

risk is the combination of the probability of an event and its negative consequences.

Question 8

what is vulnerability defined as?

Answer 8

vulnerability is the characteristics and circumstances of a community that make it susceptible to changing effects of a hazard

Question 9

what are some primary impacts of a natural hazard?

Answer 9

-these are the direct results
-buildings collapse
-lives lost
-broken gas pipe
-infrastructure destroyed

Question 10

what are some secondary impacts of a natural hazard?

Answer 10

-these are the results of the primary effects
-homeless people
-tsunami
-landslides
-loss of tourism
-disease
-business loss

Question 11

what are the stages of the hazard management cycle?

Answer 11

-mitigation
-preparedness
-response
-recovery

Question 12

what are the stages of the park model?

Answer 12

-stage 1- relief -immediate response
-stage 2- rehabilitation- infrastructure and services restored- phase lasts long time
-stage 3-reconstruction - restoring to the same or better quality of life as before

Question 13

what is fatalism?

Answer 13

Fatalism is the belief that all events are pre determined and are therefore inevitable

Question 14

features of
-inner core
-outer core
-mantle
-crust

Answer 14

-inner core - solid, iron and nickel , 758 miles thick
-outer core- liquid, iron and nickel, 1404 miles thick
-mantle- semi-solid, heavy rock- 1800 miles thick
-crust- solid- granite and basil- 3-30 miles

Question 15

what are features of?
-oceanic crust
-continental crust

Answer 15

oceanic- can sink, denser, can be renewed and destroyed, basalt, younger, thinner
continental- cannot sink, granite, older, less dense, cannot be renewed or destroyed , thicker

Question 16

what is ridge push?

Answer 16

ridge push is at a constructive margin, magma rises as plates move apart thus as new plate material cools it becomes denser and under gravity slides down away from the ridge causing other plates to move away from each other.

Question 17

what is slab pull?

Answer 17

slab pull is where the denser plate sinks back into the mantle under the influence of gravity. It pulls the res of the plate along behind it as more of the plate subducts the pulling force becomes stronger.

Question 18

what is a destructive subduction/ convergent subduction margin and an example?

Answer 18

This is where plates move together and the oceanic plate sinks beneath the continental plate- forms ocean trench
example- Nazca and South American

Question 19

what is a destructive collision /convergent collision margin and example?

Answer 19

This is where the continental and continental plate move together and collide
form fold mountains
-example Indian and Eurasian

Question 20

what is a constructive/divergent margin and example?

Answer 20

where two oceanic crusts pull apart and form deep ocean trenches
-example- Eurasian and north American

Question 21

What is a conservative / transform margin and example?

Answer 21

this is when oceanic or continental crust slide side by side for example the pacific and North American plate - san Andreas fault line