tectonics

Question 1

kilauea

Answer 1

hawaii 2019
sheild volcanoe
puna district - hazard zone 1-2
most active volcanoe in 21st ccentry
collapse event magnitude 5.2
destroyed 700 homes
2500 people evacuated
destroyed 900 utility poles
lava covered 58 miles of road

air qaulity compramised due to sulfur dioxide leading to respiratory vhallenges
national park closed - drop in tourism
no fatalities as evacuated

Question 2

montserrat

Answer 2

soufrie hills 1997
gdp 13,500
destructive plate margin
initiall explosive pyrostatic fows as dome grew able to come down both sides
19 people died
rapid avalanche of hot ash moving at 100mph
lahar caused by heavy rainfal from tropical storm
ash and tephra - 90. mile ash plume
breathing problems
vocanic gases poisened plants
2000 evacuated
9000 moved abroad
north was evacuated
5000 living in shelters
unemployment up to 50%
collapse of tourist and rice industries
£75 mill over 3 years

had hazard maps split the island into zons - exclusion zone
VDAP - monitored volcanow

Question 3

e15

Answer 3

iceland 2010
gdp 68, 4000
divergent
ice + lava = more explosive
second eruption occured under ice cap more explosive
steam explosions
90km ash plume jokulhlop caused flooding 150 m ice ap melted
mudslides and lahars
95000 flight cancelled
flooding
800 local people evacuated
2 different typs of ash finne and grittier airlines lost £2 bilion
damage to crops by ash
o dead

Question 5

mount Nyragongo

Answer 5

democratic republic of congo
2002
composite
non explossibe basultic
10 k from goma
gdp of 580
volcanic gasses caused acid rain
12500 homes
200 kiled from carbon dioxide poisining crops and livestock destroyed
cholera spread
400000 people evacuated
147 deaths
many residents haddnt seen a lava flow before so
oxfam 33 tones of water world bank gave 35 million camps 7000

Question 6

land use zoning

Answer 6

montserat exclusion zone
2/3
central zone - hard hats dust masks

Question 7

diverting lava flows

Answer 7

heimany iceland
lava was going t fishing village sprayed se water 1/2 billion gallons of water

Question 8

japanese earthquake and tsunami

Answer 8

2011
gdp $39,300
magnitude 9
location of epicentre 11 km off coast
focus depth 66km
5 waves - 100 seconds later hit tokyo
15 mins later - tsunami - low lying flat
10 meters high
so diddnt slow down
airport destroyed
breached coastal defences
dropped the sea walls by1 m
flooded deisel generated
452000 living evacuation facilities
11 elederly diesof cold
warning system

Question 9

boxing day tsunami and earthquake

Answer 9

2004
number of developing countries
did not have warning system in place
megathrust earthquake
destructive
10m tsunami
travels 3 miles inland
500 mpph
1/4 million stimated death toll

Question 10

haiti

Answer 10

2020
conservative
gdp 1800
shallow earthquake
15km from capital
2 aftershocks
220,000 dea
250,000 injured
300,000 collapsed buildings
1/3 city destroyed
80% schools destroyed
73 hospitals

poorly managed
already poor infrastructure
had no recources to help
2/3 unemployed

Question 11

china

Answer 11

2008