Tectonic Processes Flashcards
What is compression?
Bending of rocks until they fracture and move suddenly long fault lines
What is compression most obvious?
At convergent plate boundaries and subduction zones
Where is an example of compression?
Kashmir 2005
What kind of earthquakes occur from compression force?
High magnitude earthquakes
What is tension?
Stretches the crust leading to faulting and rifting
What is rifting?
Blocks of crust slip Downwards
What kind of earthquakes does the movement of rifting with tension force cause?
Shallow earthquakes
What plate boundaries is tension associated with?
Divergent
What is shearing?
Strike slip fault
What plate boundaries is shearing most commonly at?
Divergent
What kind of earthquake does a strike slip fault and shearing cause?
Movement is erratic and sudden and produces violent quakes
What were the tectonic processes in Haiti?
Conservative plate boundary of the North American and Caribbean plates
Strike slip fault and compression
What were the tectonics of the Kashmir earthquake?
Indo-Australian and Eurasian continent collision
Forming fold mountains (Himalayas)
What are the three tectonic forces?
Compression
Tension
Shearing
What are the three different types of faults?
Normal dip-slip fault
Reverse dip-slip fault
Strike slip fault
What is a dip-slip fault?
Fault plane dips away from the uplifting block
Faulting results from tension in the crustal rocks
What is a reverse dip-slip fault?
The fault plans dips beneath the uplifted block
What is a very low angled reverse dipslio fault called?
A thrust fault
What does the faulting in a normal dip slip fault result from?
Tension in the crustal rocks
What does faulting In the reverse dip slip fault result from?
Compression in the crust
What is a strike slip fault?
Blocks slide past each other
What are the four main types of plate boundary?
Divergent
Convergent
Conservative
Collision
What is happening at a divergent plate boundary?
Moving apart - mid ocean ridges
What is happening at a convergent plate boundary?
2 plates colliDe
Where there is an oceanic and a continental there is a subduction zone (forms a deep trench)
What is happening at a collision?
Continent vs continent
Sediment between them get trapped and fold
What is happening at a conservative boundary?
Two plates move past with no formation or destruction of crust
Intensive earthquake activity
