Tectonic Hazards and Development Flashcards
What is Inequality?
Uneven distribution of resources, wealth, access to services across different areas
Inequality & Vulnerability:
Inequality is closely linked to vulnerability, the greater levels of inequality experienced the more vulnerable the population
People are more vulnerable/lack resilience if they lack access to:
- Education
- Housing
- Healthcare
- Income
Human Development Index:
Is used to measure the level of development
Where is low HDI often reflected?
- Lower education levels: which means people have less awareness of the risk and less perception of the hazards
- Poor quality housing: unregulated building and use of poor construction materials
- Lack of access to healthcare
- Poor access to clean water and a healthy diet
What is a natural hazard?
Natural events that have the ability to cause significant harm/death
What is Governance?
Process of making and implementing decisions and managing resources within a population
What is national governance?
How a whole country is run
What is local governance?
How local areas are run
What does it mean if a place has good governance ?
Means it is well run, and the local or national government is effective
- These areas are more likely to be able to cope when a hazard event occurs
- More likely to have a fast recovery
What does it mean if a place has bad governance?
Increased vulnerability, impacts the areas abilities to be able to deal with hazard events
Could be linked to:
- Corruption - Money is not spent on preparation
- Lack of openness which means governments are not held to account
What are the impacts to the governments due to poor governance?
Weakens their ability to:
- Plan: for hazard events, using techniques such as hazard mapping and land use zoning
- Educate: the population about the risks and how best to cope/protect themselves
- Predict: events as they do not have the equipment and technology available
- Prepare: by ensuring that stocks of water, food medical equipment and shelter are available
What are some geographical features which impact the vulnerability of an area?
Population density - a higher pop density makes it harder
- To evacuate
- Buildings are more tightly packed which increases the impact if some collapse
Accessibility/isolation - the more inaccessible/isolated an area is:
- More difficult to reach supply and aid
- Less likely people have ways of communication
- Poorer the infrastructure
- Fewer facilities
Urbanisation - increasing numbers of people living in cities means:
- Higher concentration of people and buildings
- Developing/emerging countries - large numbers of poorly constructed houses (vulnerable)
